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THE 


159™  REGIMENT  INFANTRY, 


NEW-YORK  STATE  VOLUNTEERS, 


SEMPER 

PARATUS 


SEMPER 
FIDELIS 


IN  THE 

WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION, 

1862-1865. 


COMPILED    AND    PUBLISHED  BY 

WILLIAM    F.  TIEMANN,  CAPTAIN  AND  COMMISSIONED  MAJOR. 
i  \ 

BROOKLYN,  N.  Y. 

1891. 


COPYRIGHT,  1891, 
BY  WILLIAM  F.  TIEMANN. 


£54,3 
1 


PREFACE. 

INTRUSTED  by  the  survivors  of  the  regiment  with  the  writing 
of  its  history  during  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  I  submit  herewith 
the  result  of  my  labors.  The  work  has  been  mainly  compiled  from 
letters  sent  home  while  serving  with  the  regiment;  but  much  valu 
able  aid  and  information  have  been  obtained  from  other  sources. 
I  am  greatly  indebted  to  the  Adjutant-General  U.  S.  A.,  though 
the  information  from  this  source  has  been  very  limited  owing  to 
the  dilapidated  condition  of  the  rolls  preventing  any  but  necessary 
reference  to  them  by  the  department.  To  the  Adjutant-General 
S.  N.  Y.  I  owe  my  thanks  for  the  uniform  courtesy  extended,  the 
full  information  given  as  far  as  in  possession  of  the  State,  and  for 
the  permission  to  copy  and  verify  the  muster-out  rolls  of  the 
regiment. 

My  sincere  thanks  are  also  due  to  General  Molineux,  Sergeant 
Berridge,  and  Musician  Dunham  for  the  use  of  their  war  diaries, 
by  which  I  have  been  enabled  to  verify  dates  and  obtain  much 
valuable  information.  To  Colonel  Gaul,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Burt, 
and  Lieutenant- Colonel  Waltermire  I  am  also  under  obligations 
for  information  furnished.  Lieutenant  Day,  Lieutenant  Brown, 
Mrs.  E.  Spencer  Elmer,  Captain  Reynolds,  and  Captain  Stayley 
all  kindly  loaned  me  the  bi-monthly  muster  and  pay  rolls  of  the 
companies  as  far  as  they  had  them,  and  from  these  very  much 
otherwise  unobtainable  information  was  derived.  Many  others  of 
the  regiment  aided  me,  and  to  one  and  all  my  sincere  thanks 
are  due. 

My  work  is  not  claimed  to  be  perfect.  That  would  be  impos 
sible,  even  with  the  fullest  information  at  my  command ;  but  I  have 


4  PREFACE. 

endeavored  to  give  a  succinct  and  true  account  of  our  regimental 
life  and  doings,  claiming  no  glory  not  our  own,  and  making  no 
boastful  allusions  to  the  conduct  of  the  comman*d,  preferring  that 
the  history  should  show  for  itself  the  credit  to  which  the  regi 
ment  is  entitled.  That  many  errors  will  be  found,  even  with  all 
the  care  exercised  to  prevent  them,  I  am  well  aware,  and  I  ask 
of  each  comrade  perceiving  such  that  he  will  notify  me,  stating 
the  facts,  that  I  may  make  proper  corrections. 
With  this  request  I  submit  my  work. 

Respectfully, 

WILLIAM  F.  TIEMANN, 

Historian. 
BROOKLYN,  N.  Y.,  March,  1891. 


CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER  I. 
Organization  —  Recruiting  —  Muster-in 


CHAPTER  II. 

Camp  Nelson,  New  Dorp,  S.  I. —  Departure  with  the  Banks  Expe 
dition —  Arrival  at  New  Orleans  and  landing  at  Baton  Rouge,  La.      14 

CHAPTER  III. 
Baton  Rouge,  La. — The  first  march  to  Port  Hudson,  La 20 

CHAPTER  IV. 
Leave  Baton  Rouge  —  Irish  Bend,  La.  — Our  losses 26 

CHAPTER  V. 
The  first  march  to  Alexandria,  La.  —  Port  Hudson,  La 36 

CHAPTER  VI. 
Port  Hudson,  La.  — Assault,  May  27,  1863 40 

CHAPTER  VII. 

Port  Hudson,  La. — Assault,  June  14,  1863  —  The  surrender — Our 
losses  during  the  siege 46 

CHAPTER  VIII. 

Leave   Port   Hudson,   La. — Donaldsonville,  La.  —  Camp   Kearny, 
Carrollton,  La. — Thibodeaux,  La 55 

CHAPTER  IX. 
Leave  Thibodeaux,  La. — Alexandria,  La.  — Red  River  campaign  .     68 

CHAPTER  X. 

Leave  Alexandria, La.  —  Marksville,  La.—  Mansura  Plains,  La. — Ar 
rival  at  Morganza,  La 74 


0  CONTENTS. 

PAGE 

CHAPTER  XI. 

Leave  Morganza,  La.  —  Presentation  of  colors  —  Leave  Louisiana  for 
Virginia — Arrival  at  Bermuda  Hundreds,  Va.,  atid  Washington, 
D.  C.  — Our  bear 82 

CHAPTER  XII. 
We  join  Sheridan's  command — Halltown,  Va.  —  Berryville,  Va..     91 

CHAPTER  XIII. 
Winchester,  Va.  — Our  losses — Fisher's  Hill,  Va 98 

CHAPTER  XIV. 
Cedar  Creek,  Va.  —  Our  losses 107 

CHAPTER  XV. 

Leave  the  Valley  for  Baltimore,  Md.  —  Savannah,  Ga. — Morehead 
City,  N.  C.  —  Augusta,  Ga. — Madison,  Ga 115 

CHAPTER  XVI. 

Muster-out — Death  of  our  bear — Leave  for  home— Final  dis 
charge —  Recapitulation  126 

Muster-out  Rolls 137 


CHAPTER   I. 

Organisation — Recruiting — Muster-in . 

U'NDER  the  call  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  President  of  the 
United  States,  July  I,  1862,  for  three  hundred  thou 
sand  troops  to  aid  in  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion,  and 
the  proclamation  in  accordance  therewith  of  Edwin  D. 
Morgan,  Governor  of  the  State  of  New  York,  July  2,  1862, 
authority  was  given  from  Albany,  N.  Y.,  August  28,  1862,  by 
S.  O.  485,  to  Edward  L.  Molineux,  as  Lieutenant-Colonel,  to 
recruit  and  organize  a  regiment,  in  conformity  with  G.  O. 
52,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  from  the  first  three  Senatorial  districts 
of  the  State,  embracing  Long  Island  and  Staten  Island,  with 
headquarters  at  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  and  which,  until  officially 
numbered,  was  designated  the  "  THIRD  SENATORIAL." 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Molineux  had  for  many  years  made 
military  matters  a  study,  having  been  much  interested  in 
the  State  Militia,  and  also  at  one  time  in  correspondence 
with  the  Governors  of  States  and  the  heads  of  numerous 
educational  institutions  in  regard  to  the  giving  to  the  youth 
of  our  land  a  thorough,  practical  military  instruction.  He 
had  been  connected  as  an  officer  (Lieutenant-Colonel)  with 
the  "  Brooklyn  Twenty-third"  State  Militia,  and  served  as  a 
volunteer  in  the  Second  Company  "  New  York  Seventh " 
State  Militia,  when  that  regiment  was  sent  to  Washington, 
D.  C,  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  and  was,  by  his  studies 
and  experience,  eminently  fitted  to  organize  and  command. 
Energetic  and  active,  under  his  supervision  and  direction 
recruiting  was  pushed  vigorously.  Recruiting  stations  were 
established  in  the  City  Hall  park  and  other  places  in  the  city, 


8       ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

and  at  several  of  the  towns  and  villages  of  Long  Island,  the 
headquarters  of  the  regiment  being  in  Marble  Hall,  No.  14 
Court  Street,  corner  Joralemon  Street,*  Brooklyn,  where 
recruits  were  taken  as  soon  as  enlisted,  examined  by  the 
surgeon,  sworn  in  the  service  by  the  Adjutant,  Lieutenant 
Edward  Sherer,  and  then  sent  to  the  depot  on  the  Clove  road, 
where  clothing  was  issued  and  rations  regularly  distributed. 
The  clothing  comprised  a  dark  blue  cloth  fatigue  cap,  dark 
blue  woolen  blouse  with  brass  buttons  emblazoned  with  the 
coat-of-arms  of  the  State,  light  blue  woolen  trousers,  two 
canton  flannel  undershirts,  two  pairs  canton  flannel  drawers, 
two  pairs  thick  woolen  socks,  and  one  pair  shoes,  all  of  good 
quality.  The  eating  utensils  comprised  a  tin  pint  cup,  tin 
platter,  knife,  fork,  spoon,  and  a  canteen  (as  the  tin  water- 
bottle  with  cloth  cover  was  called),  while  the  rations  were 
coffee  and  fresh  bread  for  breakfast,  soup,  meat,  potatoes, 
and  fresh  bread  for  dinner,  and  tea  or  coffee  with  fresh  bread 
for  supper;  and,  though  at  times  not  as  nicely  cooked  or 
served  as  at  home,  the  diet  was  plentiful  and  wholesome. 
Later  there  was  issued  to  each  man  a  knapsack  for  his  cloth 
ing  and  a  haversack  for  his  rations.  The  first  depot  for  re 
cruits  was  on  the  Clove  road,  south  of  Fulton  Street,  in  an 
old  oil-cloth  factory,  and  the  ground  adjoining  where  large 
tents  were  pitched  ;  but  as  the  accommodations  were  limited 
and  several  of  the  men  deserted,  though  guards  were  placed 
around  to  prevent  any  passing  out  without  authority,  the 
depot  was  moved  and  established  in  the  barracks  at  East 
New  York,  which  were  entirely  inclosed,  having  been  con 
structed  especially  for  the  purpose.  A  high  board  fence  had 
been  erected  around  a  piece  of  ground  several  acres  in  ex 
tent,  and  a  close  wooden  shed,  in  which  were  bunks  for 
sleeping,  constructed  against  the  fence  inside,  forming  a 
square  and  leaving  a  large  open  space  in  the  center  for  exer 
cise  and  drill.  The  entrance  was  a  large  double  gate  which 


ONE  HUNDRED  AND  SIXTY-SEVENTH  REGIMENT,  N.Y.V.     9 

was  guarded  by  sentries  ;  and  guards  were  also  placed  around 
on  the  outside  of  the  inclosure  to  prevent  any  recruits  from 
scaling  the  fence.  The  men  already  enlisted  were  marched 
there  October  6,  1862.  While  at  East  New  York  a  recruit 
in  a  drunken  frenzy  attempted  to  shoot  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Molineux  but  was  overpowered  and  afterward  punished. 

Men  did  not  come  forward  as  at  the  commencement  of 
the  war,  and  though  liberal  bounties  in  money  were  offered 
and  paid,  the  regiment  progressed  but  slowly.  October  29th 
the  recruits  were  marched  to  the  Park  Barracks,  New  York 
City,  where  they  were  joined  the  same  day  by  those  of  the 
ONE  HUNDRED  AND  SIXTY-SEVENTH  REGIMENT  which  had 
been  recruited  during  September  and  October  in  Columbia 
and  Dutchess  counties  by  virtue  of  S.  O.  15,  Albany,  N.  Y., 
September  3,  1862,  giving  Homer  A.  Nelson  (as  Colonel) 
authority  to  recruit  and  organize  an  additional  regiment  of 
volunteers  in  the  Eleventh  Senatorial  district  of  the  State  in 
conformity  with  the  provisions  of  G.  O.  52,  Albany,  N.  Y., 
with  headquarters  at  the  city  of  Hudson.  Colonel  Nelson 
was  prominent  and  popular  in  the  district,  and  though  not 
a  military  man,  imbued  with  that  spirit  of  patriotism  which 
filled  so  many,  determined  to  do  all  he  could  to  aid  his 
country  in  her  hour  of  trial ;  and  troops  being  needed,  he 
saw  no  better  way  than  to  organize  a  regiment  to  aid  in 
upholding  the  laws  which  had  been  violated.  Men  were 
enlisted  in  the  various  towns  and  villages  in  the  two  coun 
ties,  with  headquarters  and  the  depot  for  recruits  in  the 
"fair  grounds"  at  Hudson,  N.  Y.,  where  they  were  sworn 
in  the  service  by  Lieutenant  James  A.  Farrell,  Adjutant, 
after  passing  examination  as  to  physical  ability  by  the 
Surgeon. 

During  October  an  expedition,  to  be  commanded  by 
Major-General  Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  was  organized  at  Wash 
ington  to  comprise  all  the  troops  not  yet  in  the  field,  and  as 


10    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

the  regiment  had  not  enlisted  its  full  complement  of  men, 
October  28th,  it  left  Hudson,  N.  Y.,  by  boat,  proceeding  to 
the  Park  Barracks,  New  York  City,  whfire  it  joined  the 
"Third  Senatorial,"  and  November  I,  1862,  the  two  regi 
ments  were  consolidated  by  authority  of  S.  O.  750,  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  October  28,  1862,  and  officially  numbered  the  * 

ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT, 

NEW  YORK  STATE  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY; 

the  letters  A,  C,  E,  G,  I  being  given  to  the  Hudson  com 
panies,  and  B,  D,  F,  H,  K  to  those  from  Brooklyn,  with  the 
following 


FIELD    AND    LINE    OFFICERS. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  .    .  EDWARD  L.  MOLINEUX    ....  Brooklyn 

Colonel HOMER  A.  NELSON Hudson 

Major GILBERT  A.  DRAPER Brooklyn 

Surgeon CHARLES  A.  ROBERTSON Hudson 

Assistant- Surgeon    .    .  WILLIAM  Y.  PROVOST Brooklyn 

Second  Asst.-Surgeon  .  CALEB  C.  BRIGGS Hudson 

Chaplain 

Adjutant ROBERT  D.  LATHROP    .....     Hudson 

Quartermaster      .    .    .  MARK  D.  WILBER Hudson 

Company  A. 

Captain EDWARD  L.  GAUL Hudson 

First- Lieutenant .    .    .  FRANCIS  E.  ATWOOD Hudson 

Second- Lieutenant  .    .  WESLEY  BRADLEY Hudson 

Company  B. 

Captain    . AUGUSTUS  J.  DAYTON Brooklyn 

First-Lieutenant  .    .    .  JULIUS  H.  TIEMANN Brooklyn 

Second- Lieutenant  .    .  ALFRED  GREENLEAF,  JR.      ...  Brooklyn 


FIELD    AND    LINE    OFFICERS. 


II 


Captain    .... 
First-Lieutenant  . 

Second-  L  ieuten  a  n  t 


Com.pauy  C. 

.  ARIEL  M.  GAMWELL  . 
.  CRAWFORD  WILLIAMS  . 
.  EDGAR.  G.  HUBBELL 


Hudson 
Hudson 
Hudson 


Captain    .... 

First- Lieutenant  . 
Second- Lieutenant 


Company  D. 

JOSEPH  A.  HATRY  . 
CHARLES  A.  LORETZ 
JOHN  W.  MANLEY,  JR. 


Brooklyn 
Brooklyn 
Brooklyn 


Captain  .... 
First-Lieutenant  . 
Second- Lie  utenan  t 


Company  E. 

WILLIAM  WALTERMIRE 
NATHAN  S.  POST  .  . 
ROBERT  H.  TRAVER 


Hudson 
Hudson 
Hudson 


Captain  .... 
First- Lieutenant  . 
Second-Lieutenant 


Captain  .... 
First- Lieutenant  . 
Second-Lieutenant 


Company  F. 

ROBERT  McD.  HART 
WILLIAM  BURTIS  .  . 
GEORGE  W.  HUSSEY  . 

Company   G. 

WILLIAM  H.  SLITER 
CHARLES  LEWIS  .  . 
BYRON  LOCKWOOD  . 


Brooklyn 
Brooklyn 
Brooklyn 


Hudson 
Hudson 
Hudson 


Captain  .... 
First- Lieutenant  . 
Second- Lieutenant 


Company  H. 

WELLS  O.  PETTIT  .  . 
CHARLES  C.  BAKER  . 
GEORGE  R.  HERBERT 


Brooklyn 
Brooklyn 
Brooklyn 


Captain  .... 
First- Lieutenant  . 
Second-Lieutenant 


Company  I. 

EDWARD  WARDLE 
JOHN  W.  SHIELDS 
JACOB  FINGAR  .  . 


Hudson 
Hudson 
Hudson 


12     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

Company  K. 

Captain JOE  B.  RAMSDEN Brooklyn 

First- Lieutenant  .    .    .  EDWARD  SHERER   ........  Brooklyn 

Second- Lieutenant  .    .  WILLIAM  R.  PLUNKETT    ....  Brooklyn 

Of  these  officers  several  were  with  experience  in  military 
matters.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Molineux,  as  already  men 
tioned,  was  Second-Sergeant  Company  C,  and  an  officer  in 
the  Twenty-third  Militia,  and  a  volunteer  in  the  Second 
Company,  Seventh  Militia.  Major  Draper  had  seen  service 
in  the  field  during  1861-62  as  Captain  Sixty-fifth  New  York 
Volunteers.  Adjutant  Lathrop  had  served  as  First-Corporal 
Company  K,  Fourteenth  New  York  Volunteers.  Captain 
Gaul,  Company  A,  was  Paymaster's  Clerk  in  the  Navy. 
First-Lieutenant  Julius  H.  Tiemann,  Company  B,  was  a 
member  Second  Company,  Seventh  Militia.  He  was  a 
student  in  Gottingen  and  Wiesbaden,  Germany,  when  the 
war  broke  out,  but  returned  home  to  give  his  services  to 
his  country.  Second-Lieutenant  Manley,  Company  D,  was 
Sergeant-Major  Thirteenth  Militia.  Captain  Hart,  Company 
F,  was  a  member  Third  Company,  Seventh  Militia,  and  went 
with  his  regiment  to  Washington  in  1861.  Second-Lieu 
tenant  Hussey,  Company  F,  was  a  member  of  the  Fourteenth 
Militia.  First-Lieutenant  Lewis,  Company  G,  had  served 
as  a  private  in  Company  K,  Fourteenth  New  York  Volun 
teers.  First-Lieutenant  Sherer,  Company  K,  had  served  in 
the  Sixty-seventh  New  York  Volunteers  as  First- Lieutenant 
in  1861-62. 

On  the  same  day  (November  I,  1862)  the  regiment  was 
mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States  "  for  three 
years,  or  during  the  war,"  by  Lieutenant  R.  B.  Smith,  U.  S.  A. 
Mustering  Officer.  Colonel  Nelson,  Surgeon  Robertson,  and 
Second-Assistant  Surgeon  Briggs,  were  not  mustered  with 
the  regiment.  November  2d  the  Non-Commissioned  Staff 


NON-COMMISSIONED    STAFF.  13 

was  appointed :  William  F.  Tiemann,  Sergeant  Company 
B,  Sergeant-Major;  John  H.  Charlotte,  private  Com 
pany  C,  Quartermaster-Sergeant;  William  F.  French,  Ser 
geant  Company  G,  Commissary-Sergeant ;  Alfred  H.  S. 
Moore,  private  Company  H,  Hospital  Steward  ;  John  W. 
Mambert,  private  Company  G,  First  Principal  Musician  ; 
George  D.  Dayton,  First- Sergeant  Company  B,  Second 
Principal  Musician.  November  2d,  leaving  the  Park  Bar 
racks  late  in  the  afternoon,  the  regiment  marched  to  Castle 
Garden,  at  the  Battery,  embarked  on  a  steamboat  in  waiting, 
and  was  transported  to  Staten  Island ;  there  it  landed  and 
marched  nine  miles  to  New  Dorp,  near  the  center  of  the 
island  on  the  eastern  side,  about  eleven  miles  from  New 
York,  where  it  arrived  late  at  night  and  went  into  quarters 
which  was  called  "  Camp  Nelson  "  in  honor  of  our  Colonel. 
November  3d,  First-Lieutenant  Edward  Sherer,  Company 
K,  resigned,  as  his  remaining  would  have  thrown  out  Dun 
can  Richmond,  one  of  the  officers  who  had  recruited  the 
company ;  Second-Lieutenant  William  R.  Plunkett  was 
promoted  to  First- Lieutenant,  and  Duncan  Richmond  ap 
pointed  Second-Lieutenant  Company  K.  Lieutenant  Sherer 
afterward  served  as  a  volunteer  in  the  Twenty- third  Militia 
during  the  three  months'  service  of  that  regiment  in  Penn 
sylvania  in  1863  when  Lee  with  his  forces  invaded  that 
State. 


CHAPTER  II. 

Camp  Nelson,  New  Dorp,  S.  /. —  Departure  with  the  Hanks 

Expedition  —  Arrival  at  New  Orleans  ami  landing 

at  Baton  Rouge,  La. 

THE  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-ninth  Regiment  was  now  in 
the  service  of  "  Uncle  Sam  "  ;  tents,  arms,  and  accou 
trements  were  issued,  and  under  the  practical  supervision 
of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Molineux  full  and  complete  military 
discipline  was  at  once  instituted,  the  camp  being  regularly 
laid  out,  tents  pitched,  guards  detailed  and  posted,  hours 
for  reveille,  roll-call,  meals,  drills,  tattoo,  and  taps  fixed, 
and  under  the  direction  and  instruction  of  the  officers  the 
men  were  drilled  in  company  formation  and  movements,  the 
manual  of  arms,  and  other  requirements  to  fit  them  to  take 
the  field.  We  had  here  a  specimen  of  the  material  fur 
nished  by  contractors,  there  being  issued  to  the  regiment  a 
lot  of  Austrian  muskets  which  had  been  condemned  by  that 
government  and  had  been  bought  by  some  speculator  and 
sold  to  the  United  States.  For  drill  they  were  as  good  as 
the  best,  but  for  war  purposes  were  absolutely  worthless,  as 
the  majority  of  them  could  not  be  discharged ;  the  nipples 
not  having  been  bored,  no  powder,  consequently,  could 
get  through.  They  were  inspected  just  before  we  broke 
camp,  and  condemned,  and  Enfield  rifles  were  substituted, 
much  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  men. 

The  regiment  remained  at  New  Dorp  three  weeks,  during 
which  time  it  attained  considerable  proficiency  and  became 
familiar  with  the  daily  routine  of  military  life,  while  the 


RESIGNATION    OF    COLONEL   NELSON.  15 

officers  became  acquainted  with  each  other  and  with  their 
men  and  attained  more  confidence  in  themselves  as  they 
became  better  posted  in  their  practical  duties,  making  of  the 
regiment  a  harmonious  body,  which  was  not  always  done 
even  where  all  the  men  were  enlisted  in  one  locality. 

During  the  first  week  the  regiment  lost  a  number  by 
desertion,  though  guards  were  given  strict  instructions  to 
pass  no  one  without  authority  —  in  some  instances  the  guards 
themselves  deserting  while  on  duty ;  but  after  that  the  num 
ber  was  small,  those  remaining  being  perfectly  contented. 
They  became  well  indurated  to  the  exposure  and  rigors  of 
camp  life,  as  the  weather  was  very  cold  and  there  were 
several  severe  storms,  while  the  tents  furnished  but  little 
protection  ;  but  being  warmly  clothed  and  well  fed,  the  men 
were  well  satisfied,  though  all  were  anxious  to  start  for  the 
seat  of  war.  While  at  New  Dorp  Surgeon  Robertson  and 
Second- Assistant  Surgeon  Briggs  joined  the  regiment. 
November  loth  Isaac  L.  Kipp  was  appointed  Chaplain  and 
reported  for  duty.  November  I3th  Second-Lieutenant 
George  R.  Herbert,  Company  H,  was  detached  to  the  Signal 
Corps,  with  which  he  served  until  his  final  discharge  from 
service.  First- Lieutenant  Crawford  Williams,  Company  C, 
was  detached  as  Acting  Assistant  Commissary  Subsistence, 
taking  charge  of  stores  on  transport  steamers  from  New  York 
to  New  Orleans. 

November  24th  the  regiment  broke  camp,  and  marched  to 
the  wharf,  where  it  was  taken  on  a  steamboat  and  transported 
to  New  York  City ;  there  it  was  embarked  on  the  United 
States  steam  transport  Northern  Light,  which  was  lying  at 
pier  3,  North  River.  November  25th  Colonel  Homer  A. 
Nelson  resigned  to  accept  office  as  Member  of  Congress,  to 
which  he  had  been  elected.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Edward  L. 
Molineux  was  promoted  Colonel,  Major  Gilbert  A.  Draper 
was  promoted  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  Charles  A.  Burt, 


1 6    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

Captain  Ninety-first  Regiment  New  York  Volunteers,  with 
which  he  had  been  serving  since  October,  1861,  at  Pensa- 
cola,  Fla.,  was  promoted  Major  One  Hundrefl  and  Fifty-ninth 
Regiment.  December  3d  the  steamer  hauled  into  the 
'stream,  and  the  same  night  the  One  Hundred  and  Sixty-first 
Regiment  New  York  State  Volunteers  was  also  put  on  board. 
December  4th,  at  4  o'clock  a.  m.,  the  steamer  sailed,  bound 
for  some  unknown  destination  so  far  as  the  regiment  was 
concerned,  no  intimation  having  been  given  as  to  where  we 
were  going.  During  the  day  a  death  occurred,  Corporal 
James  Bennett,  Company  D ;  December  5th  the  impressive 
funeral  service  was  read  by  Chaplain  Kipp,  and  the  body 
was  committed  to  the  deep  with  the  usual  military  honors, 
a  volley  being  fired  as  the  remains  sank  from  sight  in  the 
closing  waters.  December  I2th  the  steamer  was  brought  to 
by  a  gun  fired  by  the  sloop  of  war  Ohio,  which  spoke  us,  the 
officer  commanding  the  boat  which  was  sent  to  investigate 
us  stating  they  had  been  engaged  in  destroying  the  Con 
federate  salt  works  at  Saint  Andrews,  Fla.  December  I3th 
the  steamer  stopped  at  Ship  Island,  Miss.,  nineteen  hundred 
and  sixty-seven  miles  from  New  York,  for  orders.  Here 
was  gathered  a  large  fleet  of  transports  all  loaded  with 
troops.  The  island  is  long  and  narrow,  flat  and  sandy,  with 
a  partially  constructed  fort  at  one  end.  It  is  located  in  the 
Gulf  of  Mexico  seventy-two  miles  west  of  New  Orleans  in 
a  direct  line,  ninety-five  miles  north  from  the  mouth  of  the 
Mississippi  River,  and  one  hundred  and  ninety-five  miles 
from  New  Orleans  by  water.  December  I4th,  taking  a  pilot, 
we  passed  Balize,  the  small  pilot  town  at  the  mouth  of  the  river, 
at  9  a.  m.  Sailing  up  the  Mississippi  we  passed  Forts  Saint 
Philippe  and  Jackson,  one  on  each  side  of  the  river,  seventy- 
eight  miles  below  New  Orleans,  at  12.30  p.  m.,  and  saw  the 
wrecks  of  several  rebel  gunboats  destroyed  at  the  time  of 
Farragut's  gallant  passage  up  the  river.  These,  with  the 


ARRIVAL   AT   BATON    ROUGE,    LA.  I/ 

bristling  armaments  of  the  forts  and  the  troops  on  guard, 
showed  us  we  were  in  an  enemy's  country,  and  we  saw  for 
the  first  time  something  of  what  "  war "  meant.  Apart 
from  this  the  scene  was  peaceful,  and  it  seemed  strange  to 
us  who  had  so  lately  left  bare,  bleak-looking  trees,  and 
ground  covered  with  snow,  to  see  on  either  bank  large 
groves  of  orange  trees  laden  with  the  golden  fruit,  and 
everything  as  bright  and  fresh  as  in  our  mildest  weather. 
Another  curious  sight  was  numbers  of  tall  dead  cypress 
trees,  their  long  skeleton-looking  branches  covered  with  a 
heavy  gray  moss  which  hung  from  them  like  great  streamers, 
presenting  a  weird  aspect  to  us  to  whom  all  the  surround 
ings  were  such  a  novelty.  As  we  sailed  by  the  plantations 
the  negroes  waved  their  hats  and  aprons,  while  the  whites 
stood  by  in  sullen  silence  and  with  scowling  looks,  evidently 
not  having  the  best  of  feelings  toward  their  "  country's 
invaders." 

At  7.30  p.  m.  we  came  in  sight  of  the  lights  of  New 
Orleans,  and  at  7.45  p.  m.  we  anchored  off  the  "  Crescent 
City,"  one  hundred  miles  from  the  mouth  of  the  river. 

December  i6th,  with  five  other  transports,  convoyed  by 
six  gunboats  and  "  ironclads,"  as  the  gunboats  which  were 
cased  with  railroad  iron  or  thick  iron  plates  were  called,  we 
sailed  up  the  river  and  arrived  off  Baton  Rouge,  one  hun 
dred  and  thirty  miles  above  New  Orleans  on  the  east  bank 
of  the  river,  on  the  morning  of  December  I7th.  The  "iron 
clad  "  Essex  went  up  the  river  half  a  mile  and  fired  a  num 
ber  of  shells  at  a  rebel  battery  posted  there,  which  drove  it 
off.  The  city  is  situated  on  a  bluff  twenty-five  feet  above 
the  river  at  high  water.  Our  steamer  hauled  alongside  the 
hulk  of  an  old  river  steamboat,  the  Natchez,  once  famous 
for  the  number  of  races  won  but  now  lying  against  the 
bank  and  used  as  a  landing  stage,  and  we  landed  in  the 
afternoon  after  being  twenty-three  days  on  board  and  mak- 


I  8     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

ing  a  voyage  of  two  thousand  two  hundred  and  ninety-two 
miles.  During  the  voyage  the  men  were  closely  packed, 
there  being  about  twelve  hundred  on  the  transport;  sleeping 
accommodations  were  very  poor,  as  there  were  not  sufficient 
berths,  and  the  men  had  to  sleep  on  deck  or  wherever  they 
could  find  room  to  lie  down,  and  at  first  it  was  almost  im 
possible  to  get  anything  to  eat  owing  to  the  inefficient  and 
miserable  arrangements  for  cooking  for  so  many,  but  this 
was  partly  remedied  before  the  steamer  reached  its  destina 
tion.  Fortunately  the  weather  had  been  very  fine,  there 
having  been  but  two  days  of  rain.  The  health  of  all  on 
board  was  generally  good.  The  troops  were  all  vac 
cinated  just  after  we  left  New  York,  and  in  some  cases 
severe  erysipelas  set  in,  caused  by  the  impure  blood  of  the 
subjects  ;  but  at  our  arrival  there  were  few  if  any  seriously 
ill,  the  plain  food  and  fresh  sea  air  having  made  all  on 
board  feel  well  and  hearty.  After  landing  line  was  formed 
near  the  levee  and  we  were  then  marched  a  mile  and  camped 
on  the  United  States  Arsenal  grounds  just  opposite  the 
barracks  which  had  been  occupied  by  the  "  Regulars  "  until 
the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion  when  the  property  had  been 
seized  by  the  rebels.  The  troops  from  the  other  transports 
were  landed  and  assigned  various  positions  best  adapted  to 
cover  the  approaches  to  and  guard  the  city.  Company, 
regimental,  and  brigade  drills  were  the  order  of  the  day,  and 
the  men  were  also  thoroughly  drilled  in  the  manual  of  arms, 
a  partial  instruction  in  which  had  been  given  while  in  Camp 
Nelson,  New  Dorp.  The  enemy  being  in  close  proximity, — 
Port  Hudson,  which  was  garrisoned  by  a  rebel  force  of  fifteen 
thousand  men,  being  only  twenty-two  miles  distant, —  the 
utmost  vigilance  was  exercised.  Standing  under  arms  from 
^arly  daybreak  until  sunrise  was  a  daily  routine,  while  being 
roused  from  sleep  just  after  midnight  by  the  "long  roll" 
was  of  constant  occurrence.  Formed  in  line,  we  stood  wait- 


BURNING    OF   THE    STATE    HOUSE,  BATON    ROUGE.      19 

ing  a  possible  onslaught  by  the  enemy,  unable  to  see  more 
than  a  few  yards  in  our  front  owing  to  the  heavy,  thick  mist 
which  usually  prevailed  from  midnight  to  sunrise,  chilled 
through  by  the  damp,  cold  night  air  and  heavy  dew  which 
fell  like  light  rain,  and  when  dismissed  to  our  quarters  we 
felt  far  from  comfortable.  We  took  it  cheerfully,  however, 
as  a  part  of  a  soldier's  duty,  and  were  soon  as  used  to  it  as 
to  the  daily  routine  of  drills.  Assistant  Surgeon  William 
Y.  Provost  was  detached  to  Classon's  and  Nims'  batteries 
and  in  charge  of  the  sick  and  wounded  at  Baton  Rouge. 
December  28th  the  State  House  was  destroyed  by  fire, 
caused  by  a  defective  flue,  though  the  troops  used  every 
exertion  to  quell  the  flames,  our  own  Company  K  (which 
had  been  a  fire  company  at  home)  and  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Draper  of  our  regiment  rendering  valuable  assistance. 
December  29th  heavy  rain  fell. 

Major  Charles  A.   Burt  reported  for  duty  and  joined  the 
regiment  while  we  were  stationed  at  Baton  Rouge. 


CHAPTER  III. 

Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana  —  The  First  March  to  Port  Hudson, 
Louisiana. 

DECEMBER  30th,  by  S.  O.  599,  the  regiment  was,  with 
the  Thirty-first  Massachusetts,  Twenty-fifth  Connecticut, 
and  Twenty-sixth  Maine  regiments,  organized  into  the  THIRD 
BRIGADE,  the  other  regiments  being  likewise  assigned  to 
brigades,  and  the  whole  constituted  a  DIVISION  commanded 
by  Brigadier-General  Cuvier  Grover.  January  i,  1863,  our 
regiment  was  moved  outside  the  city  to  the  ground  on  which 
had  been  fought  August  5,  1862,  the  battle  of  Baton  Rouge. 

January  5th,  by  G.  O.  No.  5,  A.  G.  O.,  War  Department, 
the  troops  in  the  "  Department  of  the  Gulf"  were  constituted 
the  NINETEENTH  ARMY  CORPS,  to  date  from  December 
14,  1862,  and  Major- General  Nathaniel  P.  Banks  was  as 
signed  to  the  command.  General  Banks  had  assumed  com 
mand  of  the  department  on  December  i/th,  relieving  Major- 
General  Benjamin  F.  Butler,  who  had  been  in  command 
since  the  capture  of  New  Orleans. 

January  I  ith,  it  being  reported  the  enemy  were  approach 
ing  in  force  from  Vicksburg,  where,  it  was  rumored,  they 
had  received  a  serious  reverse,  all  the  troops  were  moved  in 
to  cover  the  city  and  gain  the  protection  of  the  gunboats, 
the  regiment  camping  just  north  of  the  State  Penitentiary, 
about  one-half  mile  from  the  battle-ground  where  we  had 
been  stationed.  January  I4th  First-Lieutenant  Nathan  S. 
Post,  Company  E,  was  discharged,  Second-Lieutenant  Wesley 
Bradley,  Company  A,  was  promoted  to  succeed  him,  Ser 
geant-Major  William  F.  Tiemann  was  promoted  Second- 


CAMP    LIFE    AT    BATON    ROUGE.  21 

Lieutenant  Company  A,  and  Alfred  H.  Bruce,  First-Ser 
geant  Company  G,  was  promoted  Sergeant- Major. 

Grower's  division  was  numbered  the  FOURTH,  and  the 
brigade  was  reorganized  January  I4th,  the  Thirty-first 
Massachusetts  being  transferred  and  replaced  by  the  Thir 
teenth  Connecticut,  Colonel  Henry  W.  Birge,  who  by  virtue 
of  seniority  assumed  command  of  the  brigade. 

The  troops  stood  under  arms  from  early  daybreak  to  6.30 
a.  m.  daily  for  a  week,  when,  the  report  of  attack  having 
proved  false,  we  resumed  the  usual  routine.  January  iQth 
First-Lieutenant  Francis  E.  Atwood,  Company  A,  was 
discharged.  January  22d  we  were  again  moved  out  on  the 
Port  Hudson  road  about  a  mile  from  the  battle-ground,  our 
brigade  being  the  advance  of  the  division  as  it  had  been 
from  the  first.  The  regiment  was  camped  with  the  rest  of 
the  brigade  on  a  small  hill  surrounded  partly  by  Cypress 
Bayou  (the  Louisiana  term  for  creeks  and  streams  is  bayoii), 
the  water  in  which  was  from  six  to  eight  feet  deep,  across 
which  bridges  of  rough  logs  and  dirt  were  constructed  to 
reach  the  city.  The  location  was  almost  impregnable,  being 
protected  at  the  rear  and  sides  by  the  bayou  which  was 
impassable  except  by  bridge,  and  the  front  of  the  camp  de 
fended  by  a  dense  woods  through  which  no  enemy  in  force 
could  move. 

At  this  time  affairs  seemed  to  be  much  mismanaged,  as  it 
was  impossible  to  get  shoes,  socks,  or  other  clothing  for  the 
men,  and  for  two  weeks  the  regiment  was  on  short  rations. 
For  three  days  the  men  had  neither  bread  nor  flour.  We 
had  previously  received  regular  and  full  rations  of  coffee, 
salt  pork,  salt  beef,  beans,  fresh  beef,  and  flour,  or  "soft  bread," 
so-called  in  contradistinction  to  the  flat  crackers,  or  "hard 
tack''  afterwards  issued  and  which  was  carried  on  all  cam 
paigns.  We  learned  later  what  it  was  to  go  hungry  of  neces 
sity,  but  that  was  on  the  march  through  the  enemy's  country 


22     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

when  other  regiments  had    "  foraged "   in    advance   of  us. 
January  24th  First-Lieutenant  Julius  H.  Tiemann,  Company 

B,  was  detached  as  acting  Aide  on  the  brigade  staff.      First- 
Lieutenant  Crawford  Williams,  Company  C,  who  had  been 
relieved  and  rejoined  his  company,  was  again  detached  as 
A.  A.  C.  S.  on  the  brigade  staff.    January  26th  all  the  troops 
in  Baton    Rouge  were  reviewed  by   Major-General    C.   C. 
Augur,  commanding  the  First  Division.      Shortly  after  this 
a  general   inspection  was  held,  and  the  regiment,  through 
Colonel  Molineux,  was  complimented  as  having  the  cleanest 
camp  in  the  division.    January  26th  Captain  Edward  Wardle, 
Company  I,  and  Second-Lieutenant  Jacob  Fingar,  Company 
I,  were  discharged.     January  2/th  First-Lieutenant  Charles 

C,  Baker,  Company  H,  was  promoted  Captain  Company  I ; 
Second-Lieutenant  Duncan  Richmond,  Company  K,  was  pro 
moted  First-Lieutenant    Company  H ;    Second-Lieutenant 
John  W.  Manley,  Jr.,  Company  D,  was  promoted  First- Lieu 
tenant  Company  A;   Sergeant  Henry  M.  Howard,  Company 

D,  was  promoted  Second-Lieutenant  Company  D;  Sergeant 
Lambert    Dingman,   Company  G,   was    promoted    Second- 
Lieutenant  Company   I;   Sergeant  Charles  P.   Price,   Com 
pany   H,  was   promoted    Second-Lieutenant    Company   K. 
Major  Charles  A.  Burt  was  detached  to  the  division  staff  as 
Judge  Advocate  and  A.   A.   D.   C.     While  on  the  staff  he 
was  appointed  Commissioner  of  Exchange  to  receive  from 
the  rebels  and  receipt  for  the  prisoners  of  war  basely  sur 
rendered  by  Major-General  Twiggs  to  the  rebels  at  the  out 
break  of  the  war. 

February  nth  Captain  Ariel  M.  Gamwell,  Company  C, 
resigned.  February  22d  at  noon  a  salute  of  thirty-two  guns 
was  fired  by  two  of  the  batteries  and  one  of  the  gunboats, 
and  at  2  p.  m.  the  brigade  was  marched  to  headquarters, 
where  an  address  was  delivered  by  one  of  the  Chaplains. 
The  22d  falling  on  Sunday,  the  troops  were  given  a  holiday 


Brstt  &* Second  (Campaignt^-  ' 
l59T.HREc'T  N.YSY. 

PORT     HUDGONJ,     LA, 
MARCH  8e  MAY   1863. 


Var  Records  Office 


FIRST    MARCH    TO    PORT    HUDSON,    LA.  23 

February  23d,  all  drills  being  suspended,  and  as  much  free 
dom  allowed  as  was  compatible  with  the  necessary  military 
duties  of  the  camp.  February  26th  Major-General  C.  C. 
Augur  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  all  the  troops  at 
Baton  Rouge.  February  28th  Captain  Augustus  J.  Dayton, 
Company  B,  was  discharged.  March  6th  First-Lieutenant 
Charles  Lewis,  Company  G,  was  promoted  Captain  Com 
pany  C;  Second-Lieutenant  George  W.  Hussey,  Company 
F,  was  promoted  First-Lieutenant  Company  G  ;  Sergeant- 
Major  Alfred  H.  Bruce  was  promoted  Second-Lieutenant 
Company  F,  and  Herman  Smith,  First-Sergeant  Company 
H,  was  promoted  Sergeant- Major.  Captain  Edward  L. 
Gaul,  Company  A,  who  had  for  some  time  been  ill  with 
typhoid  fever,  went  home  on  furlough. 

March  7th  orders  were  received  for  a  move,  tents  were 
struck,  and  rations  issued.  It  was  more  than  six  months 
before  we  were  again  under  canvas.  For  many  days  troops 
had  been  gradually  concentrating  at  Baton  Rouge,  making 
it  evident  that  an  important  move  was  in  contemplation. 
March  I2th  the  entire  force  was  reviewed  by  Major-General 
N.  P.  Banks.  March  I3th  the  One  Hundred  and  Fifty- 
ninth  New  York,  three  companies  of  the  Twenty-sixth 
Maine,  Company  E,  First  Louisiana  Cavalry,  and  a  section 
of  Minis'  Second  Massachusetts  Battery  were  detached  as 
a  provisional  brigade  under  command  of  Colonel  E.  L. 
Molineux  and  marched  up  the  Clinton  road  to  the  rear  of 
Port  Hudson,  the  main  army  moving  up  the  Bayou  Sara,  or 
river  road,  which  ran  parallel  to  the  one  we  were  on.  The 
cavalry  was  in  advance,  followed  by  the  infantry  with  skir 
mishers  deployed  on  either  flank  pressing  through  the  dense 
brush  which  was  almost  impenetrable.  We  started  quite  late 
in  the  afternoon,  and  just  after  dark  heard  several  shots 
fired  in  front.  They  were  fired  at  a  negro  who  had  attempted 
to  signal  our  advance  with  a  torch  and  endeavored  to  escape 


24    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

when  he  saw  he  was  discovered.  We  marched  nine  miles 
that  day.  March  I4th  we  started  at  7  a.  m.  and  had 
marched  two  miles  when  our  advance  encountered  a  rebel 
picket  which  was  fired  at  by  one  piece  of  our  artillery. 
Just  after  starting  again  our  skirmishers  discovered  a  queer 
looking  obstruction  in  the  road  which  was  fired  at  by  our 
artillery  and,  no  response  being  evoked,  was  approached 
cautiously  by  our  skirmishers,  who  found  it  to  be  a  "Quaker 
gun  " — an  old  boiler  mounted  and  at  a  short  distance  pre 
senting  the  appearance  of  a  large  cannon.  Removing  the 
obstruction  by  rolling  it  to  one  side,  the  march  was  resumed. 
We  marched  in  all  twelve  miles,  reaching  Redwood  River 
bridge,  seven  miles  east  of  Port  Hudson,  just  after  noon, 
where  a  strong  picket  of  rebel  cavalry  and  artillery  was 
encountered  which  was  opened  on  by  the  artillery  and  fell 
back  with  a  reported  loss  of  six,  after  first  destroying  the 
bridge  by  fire.  The  brigade  was  then  marched  back  six 
miles  and  camped  in  a  dry  swamp.  About  I  a.  m.,  March 
1 5th,  the  rain  began  to  fall  in  torrents,  the  ground  was  soon 
saturated,  and  the  men  were  forced  to  seek  shelter  on  the 
knolls  under  the  trees.  The  whole  place  was  ankle  deep  in 
mud  and  water.  We  were  moved  to  a  drier  spot  when  the 
rain  ceased  just  after  daybreak.  There  was  no  lack  of  food 
here,  as  chickens,  ducks,  and  turkeys  were  plentiful,  and 
fresh  beef  and  mutton  also.  March  i6th  the  camp  was 
startled  by  a  negro,  badly  wounded,  coming  in  with  the 
report  that  Colonel  Molineux  had  been  captured,  and  the 
regiment  was  at  once  formed  by  Lieutenant-Colonel  Draper 
and  marched  up  the  road,  but  was  met  just  after  starting 
by  Colonel  Molineux  himself,  who  was  greeted  with  cheers, 
so  we  were  marched  back  to  camp.  The  Colonel  stated 
that  while  riding  up  the  road  in  company  with  the  Captain 
of  Cavalry  (Yeaton),  followed  by  an  orderly  and  negro  ser 
vant,  they  heard  several  shots  fired  in  their  rear  and  at  once 


RETURN    TO    BATON    ROUGE.  25 

rode  into  the  woods  at  the  side  of  the  road,  just  after  which 
ten  rebel  cavalrymen  dashed  by  at  full  gallop.  The  orderly 
was  not  found  and  it  was  presumed  he  was  captured,  while 
the  negro  was  shot  in  three  places.  March  2Oth  we  rejoined 
the  main  body  and  marched  back  to  Baton  Rouge  to  our  old 
camp.  The  movement  had  been  made  to  cover  an  attempt 
by  Admiral  Farragut  to  take  the  gunboats  above  Port 
Hudson,  which  was  only  partly  successful,  as  but  two  passed, 
the  Hartford  and  Albatross,  while  the  Mississippi,  having 
grounded,  was  destroyed  by  her  commander. 


CHAPTER  IV. 

Leave  Baton  Rouge — Irish  Bend,  Louisiana  —  Our  Losses. 

FOR  the  next  eight  days  the  regiment  was  held  in  read 
iness  to  move  at  a  moment's  notice.  March  28th  it 
was  embarked  on  the  transport  Laurel  Hill  and  taken  to 
Donaldsonville,  fifty  miles  south  of  Baton  Rouge  on  the  west 
bank  of  the  river  at  the  junction  of  the  Bayou  La  Fourche, 
where  it  landed  at  9  p.  m.  during  a  heavy  rain.  March  3 1st 
the  regiment  was  detailed  to  guard  the  division  supplies  and 
property  on  board  the  transport  Empire  Parish,  on  which  it 
sailed  up  the  bayou,  arriving  at  Thibodeaux,  fifty-five  miles 
west  of  New  Orleans,  thirty-five  miles  southeast  of  Donald 
sonville,  at  2  p.  m.,  where  the  regiment  was  landed  and 
marched  just  back  of  the  levee.  April  3d  First- Lieutenant 
Charles  A.  Loretz  was  discharged.  Captain  Edward  L. 
Gaul,  Company  A,  who  had  gone  home  on  sick  leave  in 
February,  was  detailed  to  command  the  barracks,  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  by  S.  O. — A.  G.  O.,  War  Department.  We  remained 
at  Thibodeaux  three  days,  when  (April  3d)  we  marched  to 
Terrebonne,  a  small  station  on  the  New  Orleans  and  Ope- 
lousas  Railroad,  three  miles  south  of  Thibodeaux,  and  April 
4th  we  took  the  cars,  arriving  at  Bayou  Bceuf,  seventy-three 
miles  west  of  New  Orleans  and  seven  miles  east  of  Brashear 
City,  where  we  went  into  camp  With  the  rest  of  our  divi 
sion.  Weitzel's  division  was  in  advance  at  Brashear  City, 
the  terminus  of  the  railroad  eighty  miles  west  of  New 
Orleans  on  the  east  bank  of  Berwick  Bay  (a  widening  of 
the  Atchafalaya  River),  and  twenty  miles  from  the  Gulf  of 


THE    FIRST   TECHE    CAMPAIGN.  27 

Mexico.  The  transports  and  gunboats  came  around  through 
the  gulf  and  up  the  river  to  this  point.  Berwick  City  was 
directly  across  the  bay  one  mile  distant. 

April  6th  orders  were  issued  (G.  O.  68)  to  store  all  super 
fluous  baggage,  and  restricting  officers  to  a  small  valise  or 
carpet-bag,  a  small  roll  of  blankets,  and  mess  utensils  abso 
lutely  necessary.  As  during  the  following  June  the  place 
was  captured  by  the  enemy,  and  the  sugar-house,  in  which 
the  goods  were  stored,  was  entirely  destroyed  with  all  its 
contents,  we  lost  everything  left  there.  April  8th  we  left 
for  Brashear  City,  a  march  of  seven  miles,  which  we  reached 
in  the  afternoon  and  remained  there  two  days  while  Emo 
ry's  and  Weitzel's  forces  were  moved  across  Berwick  Bay. 
April  i  ith  we  were  marched  on  board  the  transport  Laurel 
Hill,  the  rest  of  our  division  being  embarked  on  other  trans 
ports,  and  April  1 2th  we  sailed  up  Berwick  Bay  and  the  Atch- 
afalaya  River,  the  fleet  being  preceded  by  two  gunboats. 
That  night  we  anchored.  April  I3th  at  4  a.  m.  we  started 
again  and  at  8  a.  m.  a  stop  was  made  at  Hudgin's  Point, 
Indian  Bend,  thirty-five  miles  northwest  of  Brashear  City  on 
the  west  bank  of  Grand  Lake  (another  widening  of  the  Atch- 
afalaya),  at  the  McWilliams  plantation.  Two  companies  of 
the  First  Louisiana  (loyal)  Infantry  which  had  been  landed 
were  deployed  as  skirmishers  and  advanced  across  the  field, 
when  a  heavy  fire  was  opened  on  them  by  two  guns  and  the 
skirmishers  of  the  enemy,  a  body  of  cavalry  dismounted. 
Our  regiment,  which  was  the  second  to  land,  and  other 
troops  were  landed  on  flat-boats  under  a  scattering  fire,  and 
we,  rapidly  forming  line  of  battle,  were  marched  up  to  the 
woods  which  skirted  the  field,  closely  supporting  our  skir 
mish  line,  and  the  rebels  retreated.  During  the  afternoon 
the  division  crossed  the  Bayou  Teche  about  five  miles  from 
Grand  Lake,  and  in  the  evening  our  regiment  was  thrown 
forward,  two  companies  deployed  as  skirmishers,  our  right 


28     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

extending  to  the  woods,  and  with  the  Thirteenth  Connecticut 
on  our  left,  their  line  extending  to  the  bayou,  were  kept  in 
the  front  all  night.  The  night,  which  w^  quite  cold,  the 
rain  falling  heavily  at  intervals,  passed  without  event,  and 
in  the  early  morning  of  April  I4th  our  regiment  was  drawn 
in  and  resumed  its  position  in  the  column  which  was  march 
ing  down  the  road,  our  brigade  in  advance,  the  Twenty-fifth 
Connecticut  deployed  as  skirmishers  a  short  distance  in 
front.  The  place  was  called  IRISH  BEND,  the  bayou  making 
a  turn  forming  a  horse-shoe,  and  we  were  marching  to  the 
eastward  towards  Franklin,  about  three  miles  distant,  for  the 
purpose  of  intercepting  the  rebels  whose  main  force  was  sup 
posed  to  be  at  Fort  Bisland,  a  short  distance  from  Berwick 
City,  where  they  were  to  be  attacked  by  our  main  army 
comprising  Emory's  and  Weitzel's  divisions  under  command 
of  Major- General  Banks.  Shortly  after  the  march  com 
menced  we  heard  firing  from  our  skirmishers,  who  had  dis 
covered  the  enemy  in  a  wood  to  our  right.  The  front  of  our 
skirmish  line  was  at  once  changed  and  the  Twenty-sixth 
Maine  ordered  forward  to  their  support.  Soon  was  heard 
the  rolling  fire  of  musketry  as  the  Twenty-sixth  Maine  be 
came  engaged.  From  our  position  we  could  see  it  advance 
in  line ;  then  the  men  lay  down,  but  continued  the  firing, 
which  was  replied  to  by  the  rebels  in  volleys.  We  were 
about  two  miles  west  of  Franklin,  which  is  one  hundred  miles 
west  of  New  Orleans  and  thirty  miles  northwest  of  Brashear 
City,  marching  along  the  levee  road  when  the  attack  was  be 
gun.  Just  off  the  road  was  a  large  sugar-house,  "  McKer- 
all's,"  which  was  used  as  a  hospital  during  and  after  the 
engagement.  The  field,  which  was  intersected  with  deep 
ditches,  was  planted  with  sugar-cane,  now  about  a  foot  high, 
in  furrows  some  four  feet  apart  with  a  depression  between 
them  of  about  a  foot.  Having  been  recently  plowed,  the 
ground  was  soft  and  heavy.  The  enemy  was  posted  in  a 


POSTER'S 


LA, 


FROM  CONFEDERATE  SKETCH  IN  POSSESSION  OF  COLONEL  R.  B.  IRWIN. 


THE    BATTLE    OF   IRISH    BEND,  LA.  29 

dense  wood,  their  right  resting  on  the  bayou  up  which 
they  had  come  in  transports  from  Fort  Bisland  when  warned 
of  our  landing  at  Indian  Bend,  covered  by  the  gunboat 
Diana,  and  were  further  protected  by  a  strong  fence  in  their 
front.  Upon  our  right  was  a  transverse  ditch,  and  towards 
the  woods,  extending  from  them  for  some  distance,  thick 
heavy  bushes.  Just  after  the  Twenty-sixth  Maine  lay  down, 
Lieutenant  Bradley's  section  of  Battery  C,  Second  United 
States  Artillery,  was  taken  across  the  field  towards  the  right 
and  just  outside  the  bushes.  Our  regiment  was  then  ordered 
in.  Marching  forward  in  line  of  battle  at  the  double-quick, 
the  right  of  the  regiment  passed  over  the  left  of  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Maine,  then  over  and  past  the  skirmishers  of  the 
Twenty-fifth  Connecticut,  being  met  as  it  advanced  by  a 
heavy  fire  from  the  rebels  who  were  entirely  concealed  from 
view  by  the  fence  and  woods.  Their  forces  comprised  the 
Twenty-eighth  Louisiana,  Colonel  Gray ;  Fourth  Texas 
Mounted  Volunteers,  dismounted,  Colonel  Reilly ;  Major 
Clack's  Confederate  Guards  Response  Battalion,  and  Second 
Louisiana  Cavalry  dismounted,  over  twelve  hundred  men  in 
all,  Major- General  Richard  Taylor  in  command,  and  the  gun 
boat  before  mentioned.  The  regiment  struggled  on  until 
within  fifty  yards  of  the  position  held  by  the  rebels,  when, 
finding  the  men  utterly  exhausted  by  the  weight  of  the 
blankets  and  overcoats  they  carried  and  the  heavy  marching 
they  had  undergone,  as  well  as  suffering  severely  from  the 
fire  of  the  enemy,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  "  halt,"  "  lie 
down,"  and  "commence  firing,"  and  was  soon  pouring  a 
heavy,  well-directed  fire  into  the  enemy.  The  fire  in  our 
front  slackened  materially  and  Colonel  Molineux  had  just 
given  the  order  "  Forward,  New  York,"  when  he  was  struck 
in  the  mouth  by  a  ball  and  fell,  and  at  the  same  moment 
the  rebels,  who  had  taken  advantage  of  the  bushes  and  ditch, 
charged  in  on  the  right  and  rear  of  our  regiment,  which  was 

3A 


30    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

wholly  unprotected  except  by  the  battery  which  was  some 
distance  to  the  right,  at  the  same  time  delivering  their  fire. 
Our  ammunition  almost  expended,  and  the  rebels  in  our 
rear,  the  order  was  given  to  fall  back,  which  was  obeyed  and 
the  regiment  retired  to  the  edge  of  the  road.  The  charge 
on  our  right  was  the  last  effort  of  the  enemy  and  their  re 
treat  was  at  once  commenced.  The  First  Brigade  coming 
in  was  met  with  no  opposition,  the  enemy  having  abandoned 
their  position  and  being  in  full  retreat  towards  Franklin, 
where  was  a  cut-off  road  to  New  Iberia,  up  which  the  enemy 
from  Fort  Bisland  (where  had  been  fought  a  severe  engage 
ment  resulting  in  the  total  defeat  of  the  enemy)  had  already 
passed.  No  report  of  the  loss  of  the  enemy  in  killed  and 
wounded  has  been  made,  but  Colonel  Reilly  was  killed  and 
Colonel  Vincent  and  several  other  rebel  officers  wounded, 
and  when  the  battle  was  over  the  fence  in  our  front  was 
found  almost  cut  to  pieces  with  bullets,  showing  how  effective 
and  well-delivered  had  been  the  fire  of  our  regiment.  The 
Thirteenth  Connecticut,  which  had  gone  in  at  the  same  time 
on  our  left  over  more  favorable  ground,  was  more  fortunate, 
as  it  drove  the  rebels  and  captured  a  piece  of  artillery  with 
the  battle-flag  inscribed  "  From  the  Ladies  of  Franklin  to 
the  St.  Mary's  Cannoneers,"  as  well  as  some  prisoners. 

The  fight  lasted  until  noon.  The  rebels  destroyed  the 
gunboat  Diana  to  prevent  its  falling  into  our  hands.  The 
victory  was  ours,  but  the  regiment  paid  dearly  for  it  in  this 
its  maiden  fight.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Gilbert  A.  Draper, 
Adjutant  Robert  D.  Lathrop,  First- Lieutenant  John  W. 
Manley,  Jr ,  Company  A,  and  Second-Lieutenant  Byron 
Lockwood,  Company  G,  were  killed  ;  First- Lieutenant 
William  R.  Plunkett,  and  Second- Lieutenant  Charles  P. 
Price,  both  of  Company  K,  were  mortally  wounded  and  both 
died  April  i/th;  Colonel  Edward  L.  Molineux  was  severely 
wounded,  being  shot  through  the  mouth  and  jaw,  and  Cap- 


LOSSES   AT   IRISH    BEND,  LA.  31 

• 

tain  Wells  O.  Pettit,  Company  H,  and  Second-Lieutentant 
William  F.  Tiemann,  Company  A,  were  wounded.  Of  the 
officers  who  fell  no  fitter  words  can  be  written  than  those  of 
the  official  report  made  by  Colonel  H.  W.  Birge  command 
ing  the  brigade : 

"A  complete  list  of  casualties  has  already  been  forwarded  to  you. 
It  records  the  name  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Draper,  who  fell  with 
three  wounds  either  of  which  would  have  been  fatal.  A  good 
soldier,  a  gallant  officer,  an  estimable  gentleman,  his  death  is 
mourned  by  his  friends,  and  is  a  loss  to  his  country.  Adjutant 

Lathrop  and  Lieutenants  Manley  and  Lockwood 

all  instantly  killed  on  the  field.  Lieutenants  Plunkett  and  Price 
mortally  wounded  and  since  dead.  Their  names  are  added  to  the 
list  of  patriots  who  have  illustrated  their  devotion  to  their  country 
by  the  sacrifice  of  their  lives." 

The  regiment  lost  115  in  all:  killed,  4  officers,  23  men; 
wounded,  5  officers  (2  mortally),  70  men  (9  mortally);  miss 
ing,  13  men.  Number  engaged,  about  375.  The  following 
list  is  as  nearly  perfect  as  can  be  made : 

KILLED. 

Lieutenant- Colonel GILBERT  A.  DRAPER 

Adjutant ROBERT   D.  LATHROP 

Company  A. 
First- Lieutenant JOHN  W.  MANLEY,  JR. 

Company   G. 
Second -Lieutenant  .  BYRON  LOCKWOOD 


WOUNDED. 
Colonel EDWARD  L.  MOLINEUX 

Company  A. 
Second-Lieutenant  WILLIAM  F.  TIEMANN 


32     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

Company  H. 
Captain  . WELLS  O.  PETTIT 

Company  K. 

First- Lieutenant WILLIAM  R.PLUNKETT, 

mortally. 

Second-Lieutenant CHARLES  P.  PRICE, 

mortally. 

Quarter  master- Sergeant JOHN  H.  CHARLOTTE 


KILLED. 
Company  A. 

Private,    CONNERY,  PATRICK          Private,    REYNOLDS,  JAMES 
KELLY,  JOHN  SNYDER,  JOSEPH 

KIPP,  ROBERT  L. 

Company   C. 

Private,    HOUGHTALING,  JAMES     Private,    RILEY,  DANIEL 
MORRISON,  JAMES 

Company  D. 
Private,    HULFAS,  CHARLES 

Company  E. 

Private,    BOICE,  RICHARD  Private,    WOLF,  HENRY  D. 

SILVERNAIL,  PETER 

Company  F. 

Private,    EATON,  HENRY  Corporal,  LAWS,  JOHN  G. 

FLOWERS,  ZEBULON  V.- 

Company  G. 
Private,    MURPHY,  JOHN  Private,    SHARON,  JAMES  W. 

Company  /. 

ist-Sergt.  BAKER,  MARK  Corporal,  HAWS,  WILLIAM  H. 

Sergeant,  BOHRER,  THEODORE 


LOSSES   AT    IRISH    BEND,  LA.  33 

Company  K. 

Corporal,  ASBELL,  ANDREW  Private,    CARR,  GEORGE 

Private,    MILLER,  DAVID 

WOUNDED. 

Company  A. 

Private,    AKINS,  THOMAS                Private,  MAURER,  SOLOMON 

"         BRENZEL,  WILLIAM  HOSIER,  RICHARD 

DALEY,  THOMAS  TATOR,  JOHN  G. 
"         DENNIS,  JOHN                  ist-Sergt.  TYNAN,  EDWARD 

"         FINNEY,  GEORGE              Private,  WINSLOW,  WARREN, 

"          HOLLENBECK,  WM.  H.  mortally. 

Corporal,  HIGGINS,  JOHN,  WARD,  THOMAS 

mortally.                              "  WINANS,  CHARLES  I. 
Private,    KEEGAN,  PATRICK 

Company  B. 
Private,    CORSON,  THOMAS  Private,    LEWIS,  SMITH  H. 

"         FRENCH,  STEPHEN  SIEGLER,  FREDERICK 

ist-Sergt.  GAVAN,  FRANK  P.  "         WURTZ,  BALTHAZAR 

Private,    KERON,  JOHN 

Company   C. 

Private,    COONS,  AMBROSE,  Private,    RILSING,  JOHN, 

mortally.  mortally. 

"       CALKINS,  WILLIAM,  "         SHUFELDT,  WM.  J. 

mortally.  SCHNACK,  CHRISTIAN 

"  ROCKFELLER,  MORTIMER 

Company  D. 

Private,    KISTERS,  FRANK  W.        Sergeant,  ROSE,  ISAAC  L. 
"         MESSONSOLE,  LEWIS        Private,    SCHUCK,  ADAM 

Company  E. 
Private,    BURNS,  JAMES,  mortally   ist-Sergt.  MACY,  SAMUEL  B. 

DECKER,  JAMES  Private,    MILLER,  JESSE 

"         DORAN,  JAMES,  PETERSON,  CHAS.H.G. 

mortally.  •"         SYRE,  FRANCIS  R. 

"         HART,  WILLIAM  H. 


34    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

Company  P. 

Private,    DOYLE,  JOHN                   Private,  MACKEY,  EDWARD  J. 

DOSER,  BARTHOLOMEW        "  MAOKEY,  TERENCE 

KERON,  RICHARD  WHITE,  THOMAS 
MILLER,  AARON 

Company  G. 

Corporal,  DEVLIN,  JOHN                  Private,  SMITH,  LEONARD 
Private,    FORTIN,  MICHAEL            Sergeant,  TANNER,  WESLEY, 

STICKLES,  CORNELIUS  mortally. 

Company  H. 

Private,    ADAMS,  WASHINGTON       Private,    MURTHA,  MICHAEL 
BENNETT,  JAMES  Corporal,  NEEFUS,  JOHN, 

HOPKINS,  BRYAN  mortally. 

ist-Sergt.  KENNEDY,  WILLIAM  J.     Private,    RODAN,  GEORGE 

Company  I. 

Private,    COON,  ALVARUS  Corporal,  REED,  JOSEPH  O. 

COON,  JACOB 

Company  K. 

Private,    COUGHLAN,  JOHN  Private,    HAHN,  HENRY 

CORCORAN,  JOSEPH  KELLY,  JAMES 

Sergeant,  DAY,  JOHN  KEWAN,  JOHN  M. 

Private,    EMMONS,  JOHN 

MISSING. 
Company  A. 

Private,    FUNK,  MORGAN  Private,    JUNES,  JUSTUS 

FERRIS,  JOSEPH  "         MAGUIRE,  JOHN 

JENNINGS,  DANIEL  "         STEPHENS,  GEORGE  C. 

Company  D. 
Private,    VOLKINUR,  PETER 

Company  F. 

Private,    CORBOY,  DANIEL  Private,    MCMAHON,  MICHAEL 

DURIE,  JOHN  «         NICHOLS,  FLOYD  C. 


LOSSES    AT    IRISH    BEND,  LA.  35 

Company  K. 
Private,  ASHTON,  SAMUEL  Corporal,  MILLS,  JAMES  M. 

Most  of  the  "missing"  returned  to  the  regiment  within 
a  week,  those  captured  having  been  paroled  by  the  rebels. 
The  wounded  were  taken  by  transport  to  New  Orleans,  there 
being  no  accommodations  for  them  in  the  field,  the  army 
intending  to  move  at  once. 


CHAPTER  V. 

The  First  March  to  Alexandria,  Louisiana — Port  Hudson, 
Louisiana. 

MAJOR  Burt,  who  had  been  detached  as  Acting  Aide 
and  Judge- Advocate  on  the  staff  of  Brigadier-General 
Grover,  immediately  returned  to  the  regiment  and  assumed 
command,  being  the  only  field-officer  remaining  for  duty. 
The  same  day,  April  I4th,  he  was  promoted  Lieutenant- 
Colonel,  and  Captain  Edward  L.  Gaul,  Company  A  (absent 
detached),  was  promoted  Major.  April  I5th  our  regiment 
started  at  7  a.  m.,  marched  up  the  Bayou  Teche  15  miles  to 
McGuire's  plantation,  and  camped  at  5  p.  m.  On  the  i6th 
we  started  at  6  a.  m.  and  marched  ten  miles  to  New  Iberia 
(one  hundred  and  twenty-five  miles  west  of  New  Orleans), 
being  joined  on  the  road  by  several  of  our  men  who  had 
been  captured  at  Irish  Bend  and  liberated  on  parole,  and 
on  the  i/th,  starting  at  6  a.  m.,  marched  twenty  miles  to 
Vermilion  Bayou.  At  this  place  Appleton  W.  Rackett, 
private,  Company  D,  was  killed,  and  William  J.  Brown, 
private,  Company  F,  was  wounded  by  the  rebels,  while 
drawing  water.  April  1 9th,  after  a  day's  rest,  the  regiment 
was  detached  to  collect  horses  and  cattle.  The  country  was 
a  vast  prairie  on  which  were  feeding  numerous  herds,  and 
we  succeeded  in  collecting  about  five  thousand  head,  as  well 
as  a  number  of  horses  and  mules,  which  were  driven  by  the 
regiment  to  Berwick  City,  sixty-five  miles  east  from  Ver 
milion  Bayou,  where  we  arrived  April  29th,  having  stopped 
on  the  way  at  Fort  Bisland  where  we  leveled  the  earth- 


MARCH   TO    SIMMSPORT.  37 

works  to  the  ground.  April  3Oth,  Second  Lieutenant  William 
F.  Tiemann,  Company  A,  was  promoted  First-Lieutenant, 
Company  A  ;  Second-Lieutenant  Henry  M.  Howard,  Com 
pany  D,  to  First- Lieutenant,  Company  F ;  Second-Lieutenant 
Alfred  H.  Bruce,  Company  F,  to  First-Lieutenant,  Company 
K, and  Sergeant-Major  Herman  Smith  to  Second-Lieutenant, 
Company  G.  Owing  to  the  non-receipt  of  their  commissions 
these  officers  were  not  mustered  in  the  respective  grades  until 
June  loth.  Immediately  on  our  arrival  at  Berwick  we  were 
ordered  to  return  with  a  wagon  train.  We  started  April  3Oth 
at  daybreak,  and  marched  to  Opelousas,  one  hundred  and 
sixty-six  miles  west  of  New  Orleans,  where  we  arrived  May 
3d,  and  having  delivered  the  wagons,  May  4th,  marched  to 
Barre's  Landing  at  the  junction  of  Bayou  Cortableau  and 
Bayou  Teche,  eight  miles  east  from  Opelousas,  eighty  miles 
west  from  Berwick  City,  where  we  rejoined  our  brigade.  May 
5th  we  started  at  i  p.  m.  to  join  the  main  army,  which  was  two 
days  in  advance,  and,  passing  through  Washington,  Holmes- 
ville,andCheneyville,  marched  seventy-seven  miles  in  the  four 
days  ending  May  8th,  halting  May  Qth  for  a  rest.  May  loth 
we  marched  four  miles  to  Wells'  plantation  (twelve  miles  from 
Alexandria)  where  we  halted  for  another  rest.  First-Lieu 
tenant  Wesley  Bradley,  Company  E,  who  had  been  absent 
sick,  died  in  hospital,  May  loth.  May  I4th  we  again  started 
on  the  march,  partially  retracing  our  route,  passing  through 
Cheneyville  and  Enterprise,  to  the  Bayou  Rouge  and  along 
the  Bayou  de  Glaise,  reaching  the  west  bank  of  the  Atchafa- 
laya  River  May  i/th,  a  march  of  sixty  miles  in  four  days, 
and  were  transferred  across  the  river  on  large  flatboats 
rowed  by  negroes  to  Simmsport  (sixty  miles  north-north 
west  from  Baton  Rouge)  on  the  afternoon  of  May  i8th. 

Marching  a  short  distance  from  the  river  we  went  into 
camp.  May  2ist  we  broke  camp  again,  embarking  on  the 
transport  Empire  Parish,  passing  up  the  Atchafalaya  to  its 


38     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

junction  with  the  Mississippi  where  we  anchored,  and  at  dark 
started  again,  arriving  at  the  town  of  Bayou  Sara  on  the 
east  bank  of  the  Mississippi  (forty-six  miles  from  Simms- 
port  and  fourteen  miles  above  Port  Hudson),  where  we  landed 
at  1 1  p.  m.,  and  marched  a  mile  and  a  half  inland,  camping 
overnight  in  a  cemetery.  May  22d  we  were  advanced  to 
the  front  in  support  of  a  section  of  artillery  placed  there  on 
the  road  towards  Port  Hudson.  There  we  remained  until 
our  brigade  came  up,  when  we  rejoined  it  and  marched  on 
with  the  rest  of  the  army  in  the  direction  of  Port  Hudson, 
which  we  understood  was  the  objective  point.  May  23d  a 
junction  was  made  with  the  forces  under  Major-General 
Augur  from  Baton  Rouge.  We  camped  at  the  junction  of 
the  Jackson  and  Port  Hudson  roads.  It  rained  heavily  dur 
ing  the  night.  May  24th  we  rested,  and  May  25th  the 
advance  was  resumed.  At  11.30  a.  m.  we  came  to  the 
outer  rifle-pits  of  the  fort  and  the  action  commenced,  our 
skirmishers  pressing  forward  in  advance. 

The  works  covered  a  point  at  a  bend  in  the  Mississippi 
(twenty-two  miles  above  Baton  Rouge)  called  Port  Hudson, 
extending  along  the  river  for  about  three  miles,  where  a 
number  of  heavy  batteries  were  planted  and  encircling  it, 
making  a  line  inland  about  seven  miles  long.  The  following 
description  from  the  New  Orleans  Era  shows  more  plainly 

the  nature  of  the  works  we  were  about  to  invest : 

• 

The  principal  defenses  are  on  the  river  side.  They  comprise 
seventeen  separate  embrasures,  mostly  built  in  an  arc  of  a  circle. 
They  are  finely  revetted,  and  command  all  the  approaches  by  way 
of  the  river.  In  three  of  them  pivot  guns  were  mounted,  which 
were  used  both  for  front  and  rear.  The  land  breastworks  are 
built  in  the  ordinary  manner  on  the  outer  side.  They  extend  in  a 
semicircular  direction  from  river  to  river  for  a  distance  of  nearly 
seven  miles. 


FROM  OFFICIAL  MAP  IN  POSSESSION  OF  COLONEL  R.  B.  IRWIN. 
See  also  page  23. 


PORT    HUDSON,    LOUISIANA.  39 

The  river  was  occupied  above  and  below  the  works  by  our 
mortar  and  gun  boats.  On  the  right  of  the  land  forces,  to 
the  north  of  the  works,  was  the  division  of  General  Weitzel, 
next  on  his  left  Grover's  (our)  division,  then  General 
Dwight's  division,  while  to  his  left  were  the  divisions  of 
Generals  Augur  and  T.  W.  Sherman,  the  army  entirely  sur 
rounding  the  works.  The  outer  pits  were  only  one-half 
mile  from  the  works,  and  on  our  approach  the  enemy  opened 
sharply.  Our  regiment,  with  the  Thirteenth  Connecticut 
and  Twenty-fifth  Connecticut,  advanced  through  the  woods 
on  the  right  of  the  Bayou  Sara  road  down  which  we  had 
marched,  the  rebels  vigorously  opposing  us,  the  shells  bursting 
overhead  tearing  away  great  limbs  of  trees,  and  solid  shot 
striking  the  trees  and  ricochetting  over  our  heads  as  we 
pressed  the  enemy  from  their  outer  line.  Their  defense  was 
stubborn  and  our  advance  was  very  slow.  We  lost  one 
man  killed  and  several  wounded.  We  were  under  fire  all 
day  and  thoroughly  tired  when  night  fell  causing  a  tem 
porary  halt.  May  26th  our  regiment  was  marched  to  the 
front  in  support  of  the  skirmishers.  The  musketry  was  ter 
rific,  and  the  noise  reverberating  through  the  woods  was 
deafening.  The  advance  was  made  as  rapidly  as  possible, 
but  it  was  difficult  work  to  dislodge  the  rebels,  and  only  at 
nightfall  we  reached  the  edge  of  the  woods  where  we  remained 
in  the  extreme  advance  as  pickets,  the  rebel  sharp-shooters 
keeping  up  a  constant  fire  from  behind  the  felled  trees  which 
were  lying  in  all  directions  between  our  position  and  their 
works. 


CHAPTER    VI. 

Port  Hudson,  Louisiana  —  Assault,  May  27,  1863. 

WE  remained  on  the  line  all  night  and  until  the  after 
noon  of  May  2 /th,  when  we  were  drawn  in  and,  with 
the  Twenty- fifth  Connecticut  under  command  of  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Burt,  were  marched  two  miles  towards  the  right  of 
the  line  to  the  left  of  General  Weitzel's  division,  where  we 
came  out  on  a  road  under  a  heavy  artillery  and  musketry 
fire  from  the  enemy.  We  then  struck  into  a  ravine  which 
was  filled  with  logs  and  fallen  trees,  through  which  we  had 
to  pass  in  single  file,  at  times  crawling  under  the  logs  and  at 
others  jumping  over  them.  After  a  tedious  march  of  half  a 
mile,  which  it  took  us  an  hour  to  make,  we  reached  the  base 
of  a  hill  up  which  we  were  to  climb  before  we  could  arrive 
at  our  destination,  a  part  of  the  main  breastworks  it  was 
intended  we  should  assault.  Just  before  reaching  the  hill 
we  captured  a  rebel  captain  and  six  sharp-shooters  who 
were  concealed  in  the  ravine  and  had  been  unable  to  retreat 
to  the  fort.  So  tortuous  and  winding  was  the  route  that  the 
officers  had  to  stand  and  direct  the  men  which  way  to  turn; 
but  at  last  all  were  got  together,  line  was  formed  as  well  as 
could  be  done,  and  the  order  was  given  to  charge.  Making 
a  gallant  dash  up  the  steep  bank,  the  regiment  was  at  once 
exposed  and  the  rebels  poured  in  a  galling  enfilading  fire. 
We  were  not  thirty  yards  from  the  works,  but  we  got  no 
farther,  as  we  were  met  by  a  concentrated  force  of  the 
rebels  who  had  been  fully  apprised  of  our  intention  through 
seeing  us  as  we  came  out  in  the  road  and  along  the  ravine 

40 


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FIRST    ASSAULT    ON   THE    FORT.  41 

and  had  prepared  for  our  coming.  The  force  in  our  front 
was  a  large  one  massed  four  deep  and  extending  consider 
ably  beyond  our  flanks,  as  we  saw  very  plainly  when  we 
reached  the  top  of  the  hill.  It  was  simply  impossible  to  ad 
vance  under  the  murderous  fire,  and  the  men  sought  such 
shelter  and  protection  as  they  could  secure.  Color-Cor 
poral  Jonathan  J.  Race,  Company  A,  was  killed,  and  Color- 
Sergeant  William  H.  Spanburg,  Company  C,  while  bravely 
advancing  was  shot  in  three  places,  severe  and  dangerous 
wounds.  The  color-staff  was  shot  in  two  by  one  of  the  bullets 
which  wounded  the  bearer,  and  one  piece  of  the  staff  was 
left  on  the  field,  but  the  colors  were  seized  by  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Burt  as  the  bearer  fell  and  were  by  him  given  to 
Robert  A.  Smith,  Company  F,  the  State  colors  to  Sergeant 
William  E.  Palmer,  Company  D,  by  whom  they  were  carried 
until  the  formation  of  the  Volunteer  Stormers.  The  reg 
iment  was  repulsed  with  a  loss  of  54:  14  men  killed,  I  offi 
cer  (Captain  Charles  Lewis,  Company  C)  and  39  men 
wounded,  4  fatally.  For  several  hours  the  regiment  lay 
close  up  to  the  breastworks  in  the  position  it  had  gained, 
unable  to  move,  exposed  to  a  heavy  fire  on  the  least  indica 
tion,  though  in  comparative  safety  from  the  constant  volleys 
poured  in  by  the  rebels,  protected  by  the  fallen  trees  and 
stumps  behind  which  the  men  had  sheltered  themselves, 
returning  the  fire  steadily  and  well.  At  this  juncture  what 
was  supposed  to  be  a  flag  of  truce  was  raised,  and  the  rebels, 
thinking  it  a  signal  for  a  cessation  of  hostilities,  ceased  fir 
ing  along  the  line,  during  which  the  regiment  sought  and 
secured  a  safer  position  not  quite  so  near  the  works.  Our 
army  supposed  the  fort  had  surrendered,  but  finding  such 
was  not  the  case,  hostilities  were  quickly  resumed,  though 
the  advantage  was  given  to  the  rebels  as  our  forces  showed 
the  positions  they  had  gained  thus  enabling  the  enemy  to 
drive  them  from  their  positions  in  many  cases.  The  assault, 


42     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

which  had  been  made  by  several  other  columns  at  the  same 
time  as  ours,  was  not  successful  at  any  point  though  it 
served  to  bring  our  army  closer  to  the  «svorks.  Our  reg 
iment  was  withdrawn  at  1 1  p.  m.,  just  after  which  we 
heard  several  volleys  fired  by  the  rebels  who,  we  presumed, 
were  attacking  the  position  we  had  occupied  supposing  it 
to  be  still  held  by  us,  but  we  were  then  safely  out  of  it 
though  none  too  soon.  A  burial  party  was  detailed  next 
day,  under  Captain  Hart  and  Lieutenant  Howard,  who  met 
on  the  field  an  officer  of  an  Arkansas  regiment  which  had 
been  one  of  those  opposed  to  us  the  day  before,  and  he 
spoke  in  the  highest  terms  of  the  brave  and  gallant  charge 
made  by  our  regiment.  The  piece  of  the  color-staff  left  on 
the  field  was  not  permitted  to  be  removed.  The  dead  lay 
very  close  together  not  far  from  the  works  and  were  interred 
where  they  fell.  May  28th  the  regiment  was  temporarily 
consolidated  into  five  companies,  owing  to  there  being  so 
few  officers  present  for  duty. 

May  29th  the  rain  fell  in  torrents  through  the  day  and 
night,  after  a  long  spell  of  hot  dry  weather.  We  were  held 
in  reserve  in  the  rear  until  June  4th,  when  at  night  we  were 
sent  to  the  front  to  man  the  entrenchments  within  two  hun 
dred  yards  of  the  rebel  works.  Our  rifle  pits  were  of  earth 
thrown  to  the  front  from  a  ditch,  dug  parallel  with  the  fort, 
and  on  top  of  which  was  a  double  line  of  logs,  one  over  the 
other,  separated  sufficiently  to  admit  a  rifle  to  be  passed  be 
tween  and  fired.  As  the  firing  was  constant,  not  one  of  the 
enemy  dared  show  himself  as  he  was  certain  to  be  fired  at  by 
one  or  more  of  our  sharpshooters,  who  were  constantly  watch 
ing  for  such  opportunities,  but  that  there  were  numbers  of 
them  was  evidenced  by  the  return  fire  provoked  by  any  ex 
posure  on  our  side. 

Directly  in  our  rear  was  a  detachment  of  the  First  Indiana 
Battery,  with  one  32-pounder  rifled  cannon  and  several  smaller 


IN    THE    RIFLE    PITS  —  PORT    HUDSON.  43 

pieces.  That  their  practice  was  good,  was  shown  one  morn 
ing  by  their  blowing  out  from  the  roots  of  an  old  tree,  with  a 
shell  fired  from  the  big  gun,  a  rebel  sharpshooter  who  had 
concealed  himself  there,  and  had  given  much  annoyance  to 
us  and  the  men  of  the  battery,  before  his  position  was  dis 
covered.  An  old  barn  in  our  front,  just  inside  the  fort, 
served  as  a  cover  to  the  enemy,  but  the  firing  of  the  guns 
made  it  very  unsafe  for  them,  and  it  was  completely  riddled 
with  shot  and  shell  fired  at  it  during  the  siege.  Between 
our  pits  and  the  fort,  just  to  the  left  of  our  position,  was  a 
mill  used  for  grinding  corn,  to  which  the  rebels  occasionally 
came  out  at  night  during  the  first  of  the  investment,  but  the 
battery  by  a  few  well-planted  shells  made  it  so  warm  for 
the  "  Johnnies  "  that  it  was  abandoned  by  them. 

A  constant  steady  fire  on  the  rebel  works  was  maintained 
by  our  batteries,  while  on  their  side  the  rebels  kept  up  a  fire 
in  reply  to  ours,  and  shot,  shell,  and  bars  of  railroad  iron 
were  constantly  whizzing  and  shrieking  through  the  air.  The 
firing  was  usually  most  severe  at  night  and,  lying  on  our 
backs,  we  would  watch  the  bombs  from  our  mortars  as 
they  flew  through  the  air  like  revolving  stars,  or  the  shells 
from  the  fort  as  they  shot  towards  our  lines,  the  streaks  of 
light  from  the  fuses  of  the  latter  indicating  when  they  were 
coming  in  our  direction,  and  causing  us  to  creep  close  under 
our  earthworks  at  such  times  until  their  explosion  showed 
the  danger  to  be  over  for  a  time.  They  made  a  horrible 
sound,  but  nothing  compared  to  the  awful  unearthly  shriek 
caused  by  the  bars  of  railroad  iron  with  which  we  were  occa 
sionally  favored.  These  were  fired  from  a  big  gun  in  the  fort, 
which  we  understood  was  mounted  on  a  car  and  moved 
around  the  works  on  a  railroad  constructed  for  the  purpose. 

We  had  an  enemy,  a  "  gray-back  "  too,  within  the  pits, 
more  persistent  and  difficult  to  contend  with  than  his  name 
sake  in  the  fort,  the  small  insect  which  did  much  to  make 


44    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

• 

life  almost  unbearable,  and  a  constant  skirmish  was  necessary 
to  keep  us  even  partly  free  from  these  pests,  the  sand  in  the 
pits  being  almost  alive  with  them.  • 

The  rations  and  coffee  were  cooked  in  the  rear  and  carried 
to  the  men  in  the  pits,  and  water  also  had  to  be  brought  by 
details  made  for  the  purpose.  As  a  part  of  the  line  was  ex 
posed,  these  details  and  our  company  cooks  had  to  pass  across 
quite  an  open  space,  and  it  was  amusing  to  see  the  dash 
made  to  get  over  it  and  under  cover,  frequently  at  the  ex 
pense  of  much  of  the  coffee  or  water,  but  fortunately  with 
out  damage  to  the  men. 

The  weather  which  had  been  steadily  growing  hotter 
was  almost  unbearable  in  the  pits  where  was  almost  no 
shade,  and  for  the  greater  part  of  the  day  we  were  exposed 
to  the  burning  sun,  obtaining  shelter  only  by  getting  under 
the  shadow  of  the  breastworks,  or  crawling  under  a  shel 
ter  made  by  raising  our  blankets  on  short  sticks,  but  as 
this  cut  off  the  air  we  preferred  to  remain  exposed.  Fortu 
nately  the  air  would  cool  soon  after  sundown,  so  that  we 
could,  to  some  extent,  recuperate  from  the  effects  of  the 
heat  of  the  day. 

June  8th  we  were  relieved  during  the  night  and  again 
withdrawn  a  short  distance  to  the  rear  where  we  were 
camped  in  a  grove  of  high  magnolia  trees,  the  "  Magnolia 
Grandiflora,"  the  flowers  on  which  were  in  bloom,  and  their 
fragrance  filled  the  air.  The  whole  place  was  covered  with 
these  noble  trees,  and  the  lovely  white  flowers  showing 
through  the  rich  dark  bronze-green  of  the  leaves  were  a  beau 
tiful  sight.  We  did  not  appreciate  them  as  we  would  have 
done  had  the  surroundings  been  more  peaceful,  though  we 
could  not  but  notice  their  beauty  and  fragrance,  which,  with 
the  grateful  shade  the  great  trees  provided,  helped  to  ameli 
orate  our  condition.  June  loth  we  had  heavy  rain  through 
the  night.  June  iith  we  resumed  our  position  in  the  rifle 


IN   THE    RIFLE    PITS — PORT   HUDSON.  45 

pits.  The  same  night  a  heavy  skirmish  line  advanced  in 
our  front.  June  I2th,  at  midnight,  the  skirmishers  again 
went  out,  our  regiment  furnishing  a  detail  each  night  for 
the  purpose.  June  I3th,  at  midnight,  another  advance  was 
made  by  the  skirmishers,  who  retained  their  positions  through 
the  day. 


CHAPTER  VII. 

Port  Hudson,  Louisiana — Assault,  June  14,  1863  — 
The  Surrender — Our  Losses  during  the  Siege. 

JUNE  I4th,  at  I  a.  m.,  we  were  silently  and  quietly  with 
drawn  from  the  pits  and  marched  back  two  miles.  Pre 
parations  had  been  made  for  an  assault  on  the  works  at 
daybreak,  our  division  (Grover's),  with  two  regiments  of  the 
Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  under  Colonel  N.  A.  M.  Dud 
ley,  being  ordered  to  attack  the  works  on  the  right,  in  front 
of  the  position  held  by  Colonel  Dudley,  while  a  similar  at 
tack  was  to  be  made  by  Brigadier-General  Dwight  on  our 
extreme  left,  and  a  feigned  attack  which  should  be  converted 
into  a  real  one  if  opportunity  offered  was  to  be  made  by 
Major- General  Augur  in  the  centre.  Our  brigade,  with  the 
Second,  was  held  in  reserve  as  supports  to  the  rest  of  our 
division,  which  was  to  advance  as  stormers,  and  at  3  a.  m. 
we  were  marched  to  our  position.  It  was  yet  very  dark 
though  we  could  see  our  way  clearly,  and  all  the  movements 
were  made  as  noiselessly  as  possible.  The  rumble  of  artil 
lery  and  tramp  of  troops  reached  our  ears  as  we  stood  in 
line  awaiting  orders.  The  assaulting  column  of  our  division 
had  gone  ahead  and  formed  line  of  battle,  preceded  by  a 
heavy  line  of  skirmishers,  then  a  body  of  men  carrying  bags 
of  cotton  and  fascines  with  which  to  fill  the  ditch,  to  permit 
the  stormers  to  cross  readily,  pioneers  carrying  axes,  shovels, 
pickaxes,  etc.,  to  remove  obstructions  and  level  the  works, 
followed  by  men  with  a  pontoon  bridge,  for  the  passage  of 
artillery,  and  was  only  waiting  the  signal  to  charge  the 


SECOND    ASSAULT    ON    THE    FORT.  47 

works.  At  4  a.  m.  the  action  commenced  in  our  front,  but 
owing  to  some  cause  the  assaults  were  not  all  made  together, 
the  consequence  being  that  the  rebels  were  enabled  to  mass 
themselves  at  each  point  and  successfully  resist  our  attacks. 
Our  guns  in  the  meanwhile  kept  up  a  terrific  fire  on  the 
rebel  works.  At  8  a.  m.  the  reserve  was  ordered  in.  We 
marched  through  a  ravine,  which  was  in  plain  sight  of  the 
rebels  and  covered  by  their  sharpshooters,  and  several  of 
our  men  fell  before  we  reached  our  position.  We  came  at 
length  to  a  hill  on  the  crest  of  which  were  drawn  up  several 
regiments  ready  for  a  charge,  and  as  we  approached  they 
made  a  gallant  dash  to  the  front.  We  followed  to  the  top 
of  the  hill,  when  the  command  "  Charge  "  was  given,  which 
we  obeyed  with  a  cheer  and  a  rush  down  the  hill  into  a 
ravine  and  up  another  hill  to  within  twenty-five  yards  of 
the  breastworks,  beyond  which  it  was  impossible  to  ad 
vance,  owing  to  the  severe  fire  of  the  enemy.  Here  we  lay 
until  12.30  p.  m.,  our  eyes  saddened  by  the  sight  of  our 
dead  and  our  ears  tortured  with  the  groans  of  our  wounded, 
when  we  were  marched  through  another  ravine  and  came 
out  at  the  foot  of  a  hill  only  fifteen  yards  from  the  fort. 
Here  we  were  halted,  and  under  a  blazing  sun  without  shel 
ter  we  lay  exposed  to  a  constant  fire  until  9  p.  m.,  when  all 
the  forces  were  drawn  off,  with  the  exception  of  the  reg 
iments  left  as  pickets.  We  were  relieved  by  a  detachment 
of  the  First  Louisiana  Engineers  (colored),  which  proceeded 
to  fortify  the  position  we  had  gained.  Our  loss  was  14  men 
wounded  and  2  men  missing,  a  total  of  16.  The  only  ad 
vantage  gained  at  the  point  of  our  assault  was  the  holding 
the  hill  over  which  we  charged  and  on  which  breastworks 
were  at  once  thrown  up,  thus  bringing  our  lines  closer  to 
the  rebel  works.  June  I5th  we  were  relieved  in  the  early 
morning,  and  marched  back  to  our  old  position.  That  day 
was  issued  the  following : 


48     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

GENERAL  ORDERS  No.  49, 
HEADQUARTERS  DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  GULF, 

NINETEENTH  ARMY  CORPS, 
Before  PORT  HUDSON,  June  i5th,  1863. 

The  commanding  General  congratulates  the  troops  before  Port 
Hudson  upon  the  steady  advance  made  upon  the  enemy's  works, 
and  is  confident  of  an  immediate  and  triumphant  issue  of  the  con 
test.  We  are  at  all  points  upon  the  threshold  of  his  fortifications. 
One  more  advance  and  they  are  ours !  For  the  last  victory  that 
duty  imposes  the  commanding  General  summons  the  bold  men  of 
the  corps  to  the  organization  of  a  storming  column  of  a  thousand 
men,  to  vindicate  the  flag  of  the  Union  and  the  memory  of  its  de 
fenders  who  have  fallen  !  Let  them  come  forward !  Officers  who 
lead  the  column  of  victory  in  this  last  assault  may  be  assured  of 
just  recognition  of  their  services  by  promotion ;  and  every  officer 
and  soldier  who  shares  its  perils  and  its  glory  shall  receive  a  medal 
fit  to  commemorate  the  first  grand  success  of  the  campaign  of  1863 
for  the  freedom  of  the  Mississippi.  His  name  shall  be  placed  in  gen 
eral  orders  upon  the  Roll  of  Honor.  Division  commanders  will  at 
once  report  the  names  of  the  officers  and  men  who  may  volunteer 
for  this  service,  in  order  that  the  organization  of  the  column  may 
be  completed  without  delay. 

By  command  of  Major- General  Banks. 

RICHARD  B.  IRWIN, 

Assistant  Adjutant-General. 

Colonel  H.  W.  Birge,  Thirteenth  Connecticut,  command 
ing  our  brigade,  at  once  volunteered  with  every  member  of 
his  staff,  and  was  placed  in  command. 

From  our  regiment  eighteen  volunteered. 

First-Lieutenant  JULIUS  H.  TIEMANN,  Company  B,  Acting 

Aide  to  Colonel  Birge. 

Second- Lieutenant  ALFRED  GREENLEAF,  JR.,  Company  B. 
Captain  ROBERT  McD.  HART,  Company  F. 
First- Lieutenant  DUNCAN  RICHMOND,  Company  H. 


THE  VOLUNTEER  STORMERS  —  PORT  HUDSON.    49 

Sergeant  MICHAEL  HOGAN,  Company  C. 
Sergeant  JAMES  T.  PERKINS,  Company  E. 
Sergeant  GILBERT  S.  GULLEN,  Company  F. 
Sergeant  THOMAS  BERGEN,  Company  K. 
Corporal  EDGAR  HOLLENBECK,  Company  C. 
Private  AMOS  HARK,  Company  B. 

"       GEORGE  W.  HATFIELD,  Company  B. 

"       HUGH  MCELRAVY,  Company  B. 

"       JOHN  TAYLOR,  Company  B. 

"       CHRISTIAN  SCHNACK,  Company  C. 

"       JOHN  THORP,  Company  E. 

"       BARTHOLOMEW  DOSER,  Company  F. 

"      JAMES  BRAZIER  2d,  Company  I. 

"       GEORGE  W.  SCHOFIELD,  Company  I. 

Their  services  were  not  called  for,  however,  as  the  fort  sur 
rendered,  though  the  column  was  duly  organized  and  ready 
for  the  work  proposed  to  it ;  and  no  official  recognition  of  their 
bravery  has  ever  been  taken  or  medals  distributed  as  promised. 

June  iQth,  Marshall  A.  Dunham,  private,  Company  A,  was 
promoted  Sergeant- Major.  Our  regiment,  with  the  others 
of  our  brigade,  was  ordered  to  the  right  with  Nims'  Massa 
chusetts  Battery  to  prevent  the  rebels  cutting  their  way  out, 
which  it  was  reported  was  their  intention.  We  suffered 
severely  with  the  heat,  which  was  very  oppressive.  June 
29th,  Major- General  Banks  delivered  an  address  to  the  troops 
congratulating  them  on  the  coolness  and  steadiness  displayed 
under  fire.  July  6th,  heavy  rain  fell,  the  first  for  a  number 
of  days.  We  were  detailed  as  pickets  on  the  Jackson  road, 
it  being  reported  the  rebels  were  to  make  an  attack  in  the 
rear.  There  was  a  large  rebel  force  at  Clinton  and  in  the 
vicinity,  and  the  report  came  from  one  of  their  deserters. 
The  day  and  night  passed  without  incident. 

July  /th,  at  1 1  p.  m.,  Major-General  Frank  Gardner,  com 
manding  Port  Hudson,  sent  a  flag  of  truce  to  Major-General 


50    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

Banks  asking  for  an  official  confirmation  of  the  surrender  of 
Vicksburg  information  of  which  had  been  given  to  the  rebels 
by  our  troops.  The  news  had  reached  us  during  the  forenoon 
of  the  7th  that  Vicksburg  had  been  surrendered  on  the  morn 
ing  of  July  4th  to  Major-General  U.  S.  Grant,  and  had  been 
celebrated  by  a  grand  fire  of  artillery  along  our  whole  line  and 
from  all  the  mortar  and  gun  boats  in  the  river,  to  which  were 
joined  the  shouts  and  cheers  of  the  soldiers  and  sailors. 
Major-General  Banks  at  once  sent  an  official  copy  of  the  re 
port  and,  receiving  this,  Major-General  Gardner  asked  for  a 
commission  of  three  officers  to  meet  a  similar  commission 
appointed  by  him  to  arrange  for  the  surrender  of  the  position 
and  garrison,  which  was  complied  with  by  Major-General 
Banks,  and  July  8th,  at  6  a.  m.,  all  hostilities  ceased.  At 
9  a.  m.  the  commission  met,  the  terms  agreed  to  being 
"  the  unconditional  surrender  of  Port  Hudson  and  its  de 
pendencies  with  the  garrison  and  material  of  war,  and  that  the 
fort  should  be  occupied  and  its  garrison  received  as  prisoners 
of  war  by  the  United  States  forces  at  /  a.  m.  the  next  day." 
These  terms  were  signed  by  Brigadier-General  Charles  P. 
Stone,  Brigadier-General  William  Dwight,  and  Colonel  Henry 
W.  Birge  on  our  part,  by  Colonel  W.  R.  Miles,  Colonel  I. 
G.  W.  Steedman,  and  Lieutenant-Colonel  Marshall  J.  Smith 
on  that  of  the  rebels,  and  were  approved  by  Major-General 
N.  P.  Banks  and  Major-General  Frank  Gardner,  the  agree 
ment  being  signed  at  2  p.  m.  of  July  8th  ;  and  at  first  it  was 
agreed  that  the  fort  should  be  occupied  at  5  p.  m.  of  the  same 
day,  but  this  was  afterwards  changed  and  7  a.  m.  of  the  9th 
designated  and  agreed  to. 

July  Qth,  at  7  a.  m.,  our  forces  marched  in  along  the  river 
front,  the  "  Volunteer  Stormers  "  under  command  of  Colonel 
H.  W.  Birge  leading  the  column,  preceded  by  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  George  L.  Andrews  and  the  staff".  The  rebels,  drawn 
up  in  line,  were  faced  by  our  troops ;  they  piled  arms  and 


GENERAL    ORDERS    NO.    57.  51 

colors,  and  the  surrender  was  complete.  Over  6000  prison 
ers  with  quantities  of  small  arms  and  ammunition  and  73 
pieces  of  artillery  fell  into  our  hands.  After  the  surrender 
the  enlisted  men  were  paroled  to  the  number  of  5935,  and 
the  officers,  numbering  405,  were  sent  to  New  Orleans  and 
Vicksburg,  showing  a  total  of  6340.  For  forty-four  days 
there  had  been  constant  fighting,  and  great  was  the  rejoicing 
throughout  the  army  that  at  last  their  privations  and  efforts 
had  achieved  so  glorious  a  result. 

Some  time  later  the  following  General  Orders  and  Reso 
lution  were  issued,  which,  when  received,  were  read  to  the 
regiment  at  dress  parade. 

GENERAL  ORDERS   I    HEADQUARTERS  DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  GULF, 
No.  57.  »  igTH  A.  C., 

NEW  ORLEANS.  August  5,  1863. 

The  commanding  General  takes  great  pleasure  in  communicating 
to  the  troops  of  this  department  the  contents  of  the  following  dis 
patch  this  day  received  from  the  General-in-Chief: 

HEADQUARTERS  OF  THE  ARMY, 

WASHINGTON,  July  23,  1863. 
MAJOR-GENERAL  BANKS,  New  Orleans. 

General :  Your  dispatches  of  July  8th,  announcing  the  surrender 
of  Port  Hudson,  are  received.  I  congratulate  you  and  your  army 
on  the  crowning  success  of  the  campaign.  It  was  reserved  for 
your  army  to  strike  the  last  blow  to  open  the  Mississippi  River.  The 
country,  and  especially  the  great  West,  will  ever  remember  with 
gratitude  their  services. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

H.  W.  HALLECK, 

Genera  I-  in  -  Ch  ief. 
By  command  of  Major-Gen eral  Banks. 

RICHARD  B.  IRWIN, 

Assistant  Adjutant-General. 


52     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

GENERAL  ORDERS  >      WAR  DEPARTMENT,  ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S 
No.  41.  j  OFFICE, 

WASHINGTON,  February  i,  1864. 

The  following  resolution  of  the  Senate  and  House  of  Represen 
tatives  is  published  to  the  Army : 

I.     PUBLIC  RESOLUTION  No.  7. 

A  Resolution  expressive  of  the  thanks  of  Congress  to  Major-Gen 
eral  Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  and  the  officers  and  soldiers  under  his 
command,  at  Port  Hudson. 

Resolved  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the 
United  States  of  America,  in  Congress  assembled,  That  the  thanks 
of  Congress  are  hereby  tendered  to  Major-General  Nathaniel  P. 
Banks,  and  the  officers  and  soldiers  under  his  command,  for  the 
skill,  courage,  and  endurance  which  compelled  the  surrender  of 
Port  Hudson,  and  thus  removed  the  last  obstruction  to  the  free 
navigation  of  the  Mississippi  River. 

Approved  January  28,  1864. 

By  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War : 

E.   D.  TOWNSEND, 

Assistant  Adjutant-General. 


Our  total  loss  during  the  siege  was  73  :  15  men  killed  ;  I 
officer,  55  men  wounded  (4  mortally) ;  2  men  missing.  The 
following  list  is  as  near  perfect  as  it  can  be  made : 

OFFICERS  WOUNDED. 

Company  C. 
Captain CHARLES  LEWIS 

KILLED. 
Company  A. 
Col.-Corp.  RACE,  JONATHAN  J. 


OUR    LOSSES  —  PORT    HUDSON.  53 

Company  E. 

Corporal,  CHRISTMAN,  JACOB  H.  Private,     PROPER,  WILLIAM  H. 
Private,     MAXWELL,  JOHN  PUGH,  WILLIAM 

Company  F. 
Private,  McCAULEY,  JOHN 

Company  G. 
Private,  GALLAGHER,  JOHN  Private,  PULTZ,  HARVEY  G. 

Company  H. 

Sergeant,  COLWELL,  THOS.  E.      Private,     McCoRMiCK,  JAMES 
Corporal,  UGGLA,  WILLIAM  ROSSITER,  CHARLES 

Private,     DALEY,  JOHN 

Compa?iy  I. 
Private,  COON,  WILLIAM 

Company  K. 
Private,  BRIDGES,  EDWARD 

WOUNDED. 

Company  A. 

Private,     AKINS,  THOMAS  Corporal,  PEARY,  SILAS  W. 

"         HOWES,  GEORGE  "        SAGENDORPH,  JACOB 

KEEGAN,  PATRICK          Private,     TATOR,  JOHN 
Corporal,  MAURER,  GEORGE 

Company  B. 

Private,     IRVING,  ALEX.  F.  Corporal,  ROBERTS,  WILLIAM 

"          JOY,  JOHN  Private,     WURTZ,  BALTHAZAR 

"          MCCARTNEY,  THOMAS, 
mortally. 

Company  C. 
Sergeant,  HOGAN,  MICHAEL  Private,  SCHERMERHORN,  JOHN 

"        NORMAN,  SAMUEL  A.  "          STAATS,  MYRON 

Private,     PATTERSON,  JOSEPH  TATOR,  WILLIAM 

C0/.-,&r£-.,SpANBURGH,  WM.  H.  VAN  VALKENBURGH, 

CORNELIUS 


54    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY -NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

Company  D. 

Private,     FURNESS,  MICHAEL       Private,     McKiNLEY,  DAVID 
HANNOPHY,  JOHN,  "          NE^INS,  THOMAS 

mortally.  Corporal,  PEARSALL,  ALANSON 

Sergeant,  JENNINGS,  JOHN  F. 

Company  E. 

Private,     MYERS,  JOHN  W.  Private,     PROPER,  ROBERT 

"         MCCRACKEN,  ROBERT         "         RACE,  ROBERT 
O'BRIEN,  PATRICK  J. 

Company  P. 
Private,     BROKEE,  JOHN  R.,         Corporal,  FERGUSON,  JOHN  H. 

mortally.  Private,     O'MARA,  JOHN 

CALLAGHAN,  WILLIAM  Sergeant,  TOMPKINS,  SAM'L  C. 

Company  G. 

Private,     BOLLINGER,  JOHN  C.      Corporal,  RICHMOND,  SILAS  W. 
Corporal,  GOSHIA,  ANDREW  Private,     SHEA,  THOMAS 

Private,     LYNCH,  JOHN 

Company  H. 

Private,     BARRETT,  THOMAS  Private,  McGREEN,  EDWARD 

JACOBS,  DAVIS  "  PETTINGER,  EDWARD 

MILLER,  PETER  "  PETERSEN,  NIEL 

Company  I. 

Private,     BOGARDUS,  FRED'K.  Private,  KELLERHOUSE,  WM. 

Corporal,  BRAZIER,  JAMES  S.  "  VAIL,  EDWARD 

COSGROVE,  EDWARD 

Company  K. 

Private,     BRUSH,  JOHN  Corporal,  VANDERGAW,  FRANCIS 

TRUMBULL,  ALBERT  C.,  L. 

mortally. 

MISSING. 

Company  L 
Corporal,  COOK,  JOHN 

Company  K. 
Private,     GARHOLT,  AUGUSTUS 


CHAPTER  VIII. 

Leave  Port  Hudson,  La. — Donaldsonville,  La. —  Camp  Kearny, 
Carrollton,  La. —  Tbibodeaux,  La. 

TULY  loth  orders  were  received  to  be  ready  to  move  at 
J  daybreak  with  five  days'  rations  and  one  hundred  rounds 
of  ammunition  per  man.  During  the  same  night  one  brigade 
of  our  division  with  Nims'  Massachusetts  Battery  embarked 
on  the  transport  Laurel  Hill,  and  July  iith  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  Grover  and  staff  with  the  rest  of  the  division  marched 
through  the  fort  and  embarked  on  transports  for  Donaldson- 
ville,  our  regiment  going  on  the  steamer  Iberville,  During 
the  investment  of  Port  Hudson  the  rebels  west  of  the  Mis 
sissippi  had  been  concentrating  under  Lieutenant-General 
E.  Kirby  Smith  and  hoping  to  make  a  diversion  had  attacked 
several  places,  the  forces  being  under  the  immediate  com 
mand  of  Major- General  R.  Taylor.  The  rebels  under 
Colonel  Jas.  P.  Major  attacked  and  captured  Plaquemine, 
Bayou  Goula,  Paincourtville,  and  Thibodeaux  at  which  place 
they  captured  Sergeant  John  Pelletrau,  Company  K,  who 
had  been  sent  on  special  duty  to  New  Orleans  and  was  on 
his  way  back  to  the  regiment.  June  2Oth  they  attacked  La 
Fourche  Crossing  where  a  force  of  about  800  under  Lieu 
tenant-Colonel  Albert  Stickney  was  stationed,  and  were 
handsomely  repulsed  with  severe  loss.  Another  rebel  force 
under  Brigadier-Generals  Mouton  and  Green  crossed  Ber 
wick  Bay  in  skiffs  and  rowboats  and  attacked  Brashear 
City  June  23d,  which  place  they  captured  with  most  of  the 
garrison  and  destroyed  or  carried  off  all  the  baggage  belong- 


56    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

ing  to  our  army  which  had  been  stored  there  at  the  begin 
ning  of  the  campaign  in  April.  All  the  baggage  of  the 
officers  of  our  regiment  as  well  as  the  knapsacks  of  the  men, 
with  their  contents,  was  destroyed.  One  of  our  men,  Law 
rence  Martin,  Company  F,  was  killed  there.  He  was  in  the 
invalid  camp  which  had  been  established  at  this  point,  the 
convalescents  doing  duty  as  garrison  guarding  the  stores  of 
the  Quartermaster's  and  Commissary  Departments.  Musi 
cian  Henry  C.  Dunham  and  several  others  of  our  regiment 
were  captured  at  the  same  time. 

The  rebels  then  joined  forces  and  marched  on  Donaldson- 
ville  where  was  a  small  fort  (Butler)  garrisoned  by  180  men, 
mostly  convalescents,  under  command  of  Major  Joseph  D. 
Bullen,  Twenty-eighth  Maine,  and  the  gunboat  Princess 
Royal  in  the  river  to  assist  them.  The  rebels  made  the 
attack  in  the  early  morning  of  June  28th  but  were  re 
pulsed  with  a  loss  in  killed,  wounded,  and  prisoners  of  nearly 
double  the  number  of  the  defenders.  They  lost  4  officers 
and  36  men  killed,  4  officers  and  iio  men  wounded,  9 
officers  and  12 1  men  prisoners,  while  in  the  fort  the 
loss  was  i  officer  and  7  men  killed,  2  officers  and  1 1  men 
wounded.  The  gunboat  Princess  Royal  did  good  service 
and  lost  i  killed  and  2  wounded.  The  Winona  also  was 
engaged,  having  arrived  at  the  fort  about  two  hours  after 
the  engagement  began,  and  it  was  largely  due  to  the  pres 
ence  and  aid  of  the  gunboats  that  the  gallant  men  in  the  fort 
won  such  a  glorious  victory.  As  the  rebel  army,  reported 
ten  thousand  strong,  still  menaced  the  place  and  its  capture 
would  have  seriously  interfered  with  navigation  of  the  river, 
and  as  the  rebels  also  had  approached  within  twenty 
miles  of  New  Orleans,  immediately  after  the  surrender 
of  Port  Hudson  all  the  troops  available  were  despatched 
from  there  to  drive  them  back.  Arriving  at  Donaldson- 
ville  the  division  was  placed  in  position  to  cover  the  town 


SKIRMISH    AT    DONALDSONVILLE.  57 

and  fort.  In  advance  on  the  levee  road  to  the  right  of 
the  Bayou  La  Fourche  were  the  forces  of  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  Weitzel.  On  the  left  bank  the  First  Brigade  of  our 
division  under  Colonel  Joseph  F.  Morgan,  Ninetieth  New 
York,  was  in  advance.  We  arrived  at  Donaldsonville  at  10 
p.  m.  and  were  at  once  landed  and  marched  to  the  front  as 
pickets.  We  retained  this  position  with  a  section  of  artillery, 
being  reinforced  July  I2th  by  the  Twenty-fifth  Connecticut, 
until  the  forces  of  Colonel  Morgan  advanced  beyond  us. 
July  1 3th  the  enemy  made  an  attack  on  both  sides  of  the 
bayou  driving  back  Morgan's  forces  with  a  loss  of  465  killed, 
wounded,  and  missing,  and  two  pieces  of  artillery.  Charges 
were  afterwards  preferred  against  Colonel  Morgan  but  the 
findings  and  sentence  of  the  court-martial  were  disapproved 
by  Major-General  Banks. 

Our  brigade  was  thrown  forward  to  cover  the  retreat, 
which  however  the  rebels  did  not  follow  up,  and  our  regi 
ment  was  posted  on  the  right  in  front,  where  it  remained  all 
night  on  picket.  July  i$th  the  rebels  fell  back  and  re 
treated  west  of  the  Atchafalaya  river.  Our  force  not  being 
sufficiently  strong  could  not  follow  them  beyond  Brashear 
City,  which  place  was  occupied  by  our  troops  under  Lieu 
tenant-Colonel  Peck  July  23d.  July  I5th  Colonel  Molineux, 
though  not  entirely  recovered  from  his  wound,  rejoined  the 
regiment  after  an  absence  of  three  months,  and  most  sin 
cere  was  the  rejoicing  to  have  him  again  in  command  though 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Burt  had  proved  himself  an  active, 
brave,  and  efficient  officer  and  commander.  July  i6th  our 
regiment  was  transported  to  the  east  bank  of  the  Mississippi 
to  cover  and  guard  the  crossing  of  the  wagon  trains  coming 
down  from  Port  Hudson.  Camp  duties  were  very  light  and 
we  enjoyed  the  rest  after  the  fatigue  of  the  long  siege.  Not 
the  least  of  our  enjoyments  was  the  feasting  on  muskmelons 
and  watermelons  of  which  there  was  a  large  field  only  a 


58     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y    V. 

short  distance  from  our  camp.  July  2Oth  First-Lieutenant 
William  F.  Tiemann,  Company  A,  was  appointed  acting  aide 
on  the  staff  of  Colonel  George  B.  Bissefl  commanding  the 
Third  Brigade  but  returned  to  the  regiment  early  in  the  fol 
lowing  month  when  Colonel  Bissell  was  relieved.  July  25th 
Thomas  Bergen,  First-Sergeant  Company  K,  was  promoted 
Commissary-Sergeant  vice  William  F.  French  returned  to 
Company  G  as  Sergeant. 

July  29th  our  regiment,  with  two  batteries,  was  detailed 
as  guard  to  the  baggage  train,  and  with  one  hundred  bag 
gage  wagons  marched  down  the  road  along  the  east  bank  of 
the  river.  We  marched  seventy-three  miles  to  Carrollton, 
seven  miles  above  New  Orleans,  which  was  reached  August 
2d,  and  encamped  there  to  recuperate,  the  camp  being  called 
"  Kearny  "  after  the  gallant  general  who  had  so  lately  laid 
down  his  life  for  his  country.  July  3<Dth  Captain  William 
H.  Sliter,  Company  G,  and  Captain  Joe  B.  Ramsden,  Com 
pany  K,  and  July  3 1st  Second-Lieutenant  Edgar  G.  Hubbell, 
Company  C,  resigned  and  were  discharged.  August  5th, 
after  a  long  spell  of  pleasant  weather,  we  had  rain  and  the 
day  was  very  unpleasant. 

August  1 5th,  by  S.  O.  200,  Headquarters  Department 
of  the  Gulf,  the  Nineteenth  Corps  was  reorganized  with 
Major-General  W.  B.  Franklin  in  command,  and  the  bri 
gade,  comprising  the  Thirteenth  Connecticut,  Ninetieth  New 
York,  Ninety-first  New  York,  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-first 
New  York,  and  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-ninth  New  York, 
was  constituted  the  First  of  the  Fourth  Division,  designated 
as  "Grover's,"  and  the  division  assigned  to  the  district  "De 
fenses  of  New  Orleans,"  with  Brigadier-General  William  H. 
Emory  temporarily  assigned  to  command  as  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  Grover  was  absent  on  furlough.  August  i6th  Second- 
Lieutenant  Robert  H.  Traver,  Company  E,  was  discharged. 
August  1 8th  the  following  was  issued: 


CONGRATULATORY    REGIMENTAL    ORDERS.  59 

GENERAL  ORDERS   I  HEADQUARTERS  159™  REGIMENT 

No.  8.  >  NEW  YORK  S.  V. 

CAMP  KEARNY,  CARROLLTON,  LOUISIANA,  August  18,  1863. 

The  Colonel  commanding  congratulates  the  regiment  that  its 
conduct  during  the  late  campaign  in  the  TECHE  COUNTRY  and  before 
PORT  HUDSON  has  met  with  the  approval  of  the  commanding  Gen 
eral,  and  that  the  honor  of  New  York  State  has  been  fully  sustained 
by  both  officers  and  men. 

The  regiment  now  bears  an  enviable  reputation  for  endurance 
and  courage,  and  full  confidence  is  felt  that,  if  called  upon,  it  will 
continue  to  win  fresh  honors. 

Among  the  many  who  have  faithfully  performed  their  duty,  the 
names  of  the  following  officers  and  men  are  hereby  published  in 
these  General  Orders  AS  HAVING  BEEN  ESPECIALLY  NOTED  FOR  SOL 
DIERLY  CONDUCT  AND  VALOR  IN  THE  FACE  OF  THE  ENEMY.  Many 

of  these  have  fallen,  and  their  loss  we  regret,  as  gallant  and  devoted 
soldiers  of  their  country. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  GILBERT  A.  DRAPER,  Irish  Bend  —  killed. 
Lieutenant-Colonel  CHARLES  A.  BURT,  Port  Hudson,  May  27  and 

June  14. 

Adjutant  ROBERT  D.  LATHROP,  Irish  Bend  —  killed. 
Quartermaster- Sergt.  JOHN  H.  CHARLOTTE,  Irish  Bend — wounded. 

Company  A. 

First-Lieutenant  JOHN  W.  MANLEY,  JR.,  Irish  Bend  —  killed. 
Second-Lieutenant  WILLIAM  F.  TIEMANN,  Irish  Bend,  Port  Hudson 

—  wounded. 

First- Sergeant  EDWARD  TYNAN,  Irish  Bend  —  wounded. 
Private  THOMAS  DALEY,  Irish  Bend  —  wounded. 

Company  B. 

Sergeant  B.  RANSOM,  Irish  Bend  and  Port  Hudson. 
Private  THOMAS  CARSON,  Irish  Bend. 

"       JAMES  HANLIN,  Port  Hudson,  June  14. 

"        AMOS  HARK,  Irish  Bend  and  Port  Hudson. 


60     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

Company  C. 
Captain  CHARLES  LEWIS,  Irish  Bend,  Port  Hudson,  June  14  — 

wounded. 

First- Sergeant  A.  W.  WENTZ,  Irish  Bend,  Port  Hudson. 
Color- Sergeant  WILLIAM  H.  SPANBURGH,  Irish  Bend,  Port  Hudson 

— wounded. 

Private  MORTIMER  ROCKEFELLER,  Irish  Bend  —  wounded. 
"       AMBROSE  COONS,  Irish  Bend —  wounded. 

Company  D. 
Sergeant  JOHN  PENDERGAST,  Irish  Bend  —  wounded. 

"       ISAAC  L.  ROSE,  Irish  Bend  —  wounded. 
Corporal  ALANSON  PEARSALL,  Irish  Bend   and  Port    Hudson  — 
wounded. 

Company  E. 
Captain  WILLIAM  WALTERMIRE,  Irish  Bend  and  Port  Hudson,  May 

27  and  June  14. 

First- Sergeant  SAMUEL  B.  MACY,  Irish  Bend  —  wounded. 
Sergeant  JAMES  M.  OSTRANDER,  Irish  Bend,  Port  Hudson. 
Corporal  DAVID  E.  WALTERMIRE,  Irish  Bend,  Port  Hudson. 

Company  F. 

Captain  R.  Me  D.  HART,  Port  Hudson,  May  27  and  June  14. 
Sergeant  GILBERT  S.  GULLEN,  Port  Hudson. 
Private  ZEBULON  V.  FLOWERS,  Irish  Bend  —  killed. 

Company  G. 
Lieutenant  HERMAN  SMITH,  Irish  Bend  and  Port  Hudson. 

"  BYRON  LOCKWOOD,  Irish  Bend  —  killed. 
Corporal  JOHN  GALLAGHER,  Port  Hudson  —  killed. 
Private  HARVEY  G.  PULTZ,  Port  Hudson  —  killed. 

Company  H. 
Captain  WELLS  O.  PETTIT,  Irish  Bend  and  Port  Hudson  — 

wounded. 

First- Lieutenant  DUNCAN  RICHMOND,  Port  Hudson. 
Sergeant  WILLIAM  J.  KENNEDY,  Irish  Bend  —  wounded. 
Private  ANDREW  CANONIER,  Irish  Bend  and  Port  Hudson. 


CONGRATULATORY    REGIMENTAL    ORDERS.  6l 

Company  I. 

First- Sergeant  MARK  BAKER,  Irish  Bend  —  killed. 
Sergeant  THEODORE  BOHRER,  Irish  Bend — killed. 
Corporal  WILLIAM  H.  HAWS,  Irish  Bend  —  killed. 
Sergeant  C.  V.  R.  COVENTRY,  Irish  Bend  and  Port  Hudson. 
Private  JAMES  BRAZIER,  Jr.,  Irish  Bend  and  Port  Hudson. 
"      JOSEPH  O.  REED,  Irish  Bend  —  wounded. 


Company  K. 

Fir  si- Lieutenant  WILLIAM  R.  PLUNKETT,  Irish  Bend — killed. 
Second-Lieutenant  CHARLES  P.  PRICE,  Irish  Bend  —  killed. 
First- Sergeant  THOMAS  BERGEN,  Irish  Bend  and  Port  Hudson. 
Corporal  FRANCIS  L.  VANDERGAW,  Port  Hudson  —  wounded. 

"      JOHN  DAY,  Irish  Bend  and  Port  Hudson  —  wounded. 
Private  JAMES  CLOSE,  Irish  Bend  and  Port  Hudson. 

"    ALEX.  TRUMBULL,  Irish  Bend  and  Port  Hudson  —  killed. 


The  following  volunteered  for  the  FORLORN  HOPE,  upon 
the  call  of  Major-General  N.  P.  Banks: 


Captain  ROBERT  McD.  HART,  Company  F. 
First- Lieutenant  DUNCAN  RICHMOND,  Company  H. 
Second-Lieutenant  ALFRED  GREENLEAF,  Jr.,  Company  B. 
Sergeant  MICHAEL  HOGAN,  Company  C. 

"        JAMES  T.  PERKINS,  Company  E. 

"        GILBERT  S.  GULLEN,  Company  F. 

"        THOMAS  BERGEN,  Company  K. 
Corporal  EDGAR  HOLLENBECK,  Company  C. 
Private  CHRISTIAN  SCHNACK,  Company  C. 

"     JOHN  THORP,  Company  E. 

"      HUGH  MCELRAVEY,  Company  B. 

"     AMOS  HARK,  Company  B. 

"      GEORGE  W.  HATFIELD,  Company  B. 

"      JOHN  TAYLOR,  Company  B. 


62     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

Private  BARTHOLOMEW  DOSER,  Company  B. 
"     JAMES  BRAZIER,  Company  I. 
"      GEORGE  W.  SCHOFIELD,  Company  I. 
By  command  of 

EDWARD  L.  MOLINEUX, 

Colonel  commanding  i^Qt/i  N.   Y.  S.  V. 

Lieutenant  HERMAN  SMITH,  Acting  Adjutant. 

August  25th  First-Lieutenant  Henry  M.  Howard,  Com 
pany  F,  was  transferred  to  Company  D,  to  take  command, 
Captain  Hatry,  Company  D,  being  under  arrest  awaiting 
court-martial.  August  26th  Colonel  E.  G.  Beckwith  as 
sumed  command  of  the  division  and  defenses  of  New  Orleans, 
Brigadier-General  Emory  having  taken  the  field. 

The  weather  being  intensely  hot  and  sultry,  duties  were 
made  as  light  as  possible,  only  those  actually  necessary  being 
performed.  We  remained  in  Camp  Kearny  until  August 
29th,  when  our  brigade,  Colonel  Birge  in  command,  was  or 
dered  to  garrison  the  district  west  of  the  Mississippi  extend 
ing  to  Brashear  City,  the  Second  Brigade  of  our  division 
with  the  artillery  remaining  at  New  Orleans.  We  were 
ferried  over  the  river  on  the  transport  Laurel  Hill  to  Al 
giers,  directly  opposite  New  Orleans,  September  1st,  where 
we  took  the  cars  and  arrived  at  Terrebonne  from  which  we 
marched  three  miles  to  Thibodeaux  (fifty-five  miles  west 
of  New  Orleans),  the  headquarters  of  the  district,  the  same 
day.  The  Thirteenth  Connecticut  and  our  regiment  were 
assigned  to  garrison  the  town  and  do  provost  and  picket 
duty,  the  other  regiments  being  stationed  at  Brashear  City 
and  distributed  through  the  district  to  cover  and  guard  the 
railroad  and  crossings  at  the  bridges  over  the  bayous. 

We  were  encamped  just  outside  the  town  on  Madame 
Guion's  plantation,  to  the  left  of  the  Thirteenth  Connecticut 
whose  right  extended  to  the  Bayou  La  Fourche.  We  were 


CAMP    LIFE    AT   THIBODEAUX.  63 

well  situated  and  the  men  made  their  tents  as  comfortable 
as  possible,  raising  them  about  two  feet  by  a  double  row  of 
boards  as  a  foundation,  and  covering  the  ground  with  boards 
also.  This  gave  room  for  raised  bunks,  which  were  more 
satisfactory  than  sleeping  on  the  flooring.  September  Qth 
our  chaplain,  Isaac  L.  Kipp,  resigned.  September  24th,  by 
S.  O.  239,  Colonel  Molineux  was  detailed  to  the  staff  of 
Major-General  Franklin  commanding  the  forces  in  the  field, 
as  acting  assistant  Inspector-General,  and  September  2/th 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Burt  assumed  command  of  the  regiment. 
The  duties  of  officers  and  men  were  very  severe  at  first 
as  there  were  many  details  made  for  guard  and  picket  duty, 
some  of  the  officers  going  on  duty  every  other  day,  there 
being  only  four  captains  and  five  lieutenants  present  for 
duty.  The  time  was  employed  in  company  and  regimental 
drill  and  the  men  attained  a  high  state  of  proficiency.  Com 
pany  inspection  was  held  every  Sunday  morning,  and  it 
was  rigidly  required  that  arms  and  accoutrements  should 
be  in  perfect  order,  clothing  clean  and  in  good  repair,  and 
the  tents  and  company  streets,  as  well  as  the  parade,  neatly 
kept.  Guard  mounting  and  dress  parade  were  held  daily, 
in  both  of  which  the  men  took  the  greatest  pride  and  en 
deavored  to  appear  to  the  best  advantage.  Our  drum  corps 
was  most  thoroughly  drilled  by  Drum-Major  Dayton  as 
sisted  by  Drum-Sergeant  Dunham,  and  under  their  able 
supervision,  with  constant  daily  practice,  became  very  pro 
ficient  and  was  superior  to  any  other  in  the  department. 
October  8th,  by  S.  O.  252,  our  brigade  and  the  troops  in 
the  District  of  La  Fourche  were  made  a  separate  command 
under  Brigadier- General  Birge,  who  had  received  his  well- 
merited  promotion  in  September.  October  Qth  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Burt  assumed  command  of  the  district  and  Captain 
Hatry  that  of  the  regiment  during  the  temporary  absence  of 
Brigadier-General  Birge,  which  they  retained  until  October 


64    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

3Oth  when  he  returned  from  New  Orleans.  October  loth 
Second-Lieutenant  Alfred  Greenleaf,  Jr.,  Company  B,  was 
detached  to  the  Second  Louisiana  Cavalry. 

November  2d  our  surgeon,  Charles  A.  Robertson,  resigned. 
Colonel  Molineux  was  appointed  acting  provost-marshal-gen 
eral  of  all  the  forces  in  the  field  under  command  of  Major- 
General  Franklin,  on  whose  staff  he  was  serving  as  acting  as 
sistant  inspector-general.  November  3d  Lieutenant  George 
R.  Herbert,  Company  H,  acting  signal-officer  with  Frank 
lin's  forces  in  the  front,  was  captured  at  Carrion  Crow  Bayou. 
November  4th  Martin  Garner,  Company  C,  who  was  with 
Colonel  Molineux  as  orderly,  was  captured  near  Carrion  Crow 
Bayou,  together  with  a  gray  horse  belonging  to  the  colonel. 

November  loth  Hospital-Steward  Alfred  H.  S.  Moore  was 
discharged  for  disability.  November  i6th  Captain  Joseph 
A.  Hatry,  Company  D,  was  dismissed  the  service  by  sen 
tence  of  court-martial.  November  2Oth  Private  Edward  E. 
Baker,  Company  B,  was  promoted  Hospital-Steward.  The 
regiment  was  visited  by  Colonel  Molineux  on  his  way  from 
the  front  to  New  Orleans. 

November  26th  was  observed  as  Thanksgiving  Day,  there 
being  relief  from  duty  as  far  as  possible  and  extra  meals  when 
they  could  be  obtained.  Our  comrades  of  the  Thirteenth 
Connecticut  celebrated  the  day  in  good  old  New  England 
style,  the  officers  having  a  dinner  where  roast  turkey  and 
pumpkin  pie  were  not  wanting,  and  the  men  had  blindfold 
and  sack  races,  climbing  a  greased  pole,  chasing  a'  greased 
pig,  and  other  sports,  in  all  of  which  our  regiment  was  most 
cordially  invited  to  participate. 

December  2d  First  Assistant-Surgeon  William  Y.  Provost 
was  promoted  Surgeon  ;  December  5th  Quartermaster  Mark 
D.  Wilber  resigned.  December  /th  First-Lieutenant  John 
W.  Shields,  Company  I,  was  cashiered  by  sentence  of  court- 
martial.  December  i8th  Charles  H.  Brundage,  a  private 


CAMP   LIFE    AT   THIBODEAUX.  65 

of  the  Seventh  New  York  Heavy  Artillery,  commissioned 
Second-Lieutenant,  joined  the  regiment  and  was  assigned 
to  Company  K.  December  22d  Colonel  Molineux  was  ap 
pointed  commissioner  for  Major-General  Banks  to  meet  a 
commissioner  for  Major-General  Taylor  to  arrange  for  ex 
change  of  prisoners.  December  24  First-Lieutenant  Julius  H, 
Tiemann,  Company  B,  who  had  been  serving  as  acting  aide 
on  the  staff  of  Brigadier- General  Birge  resigned  and  was  dis 
charged.  December  25th  Lieutenant  George  R.  Herbert 
and  Martin  Garner  were  exchanged  under  the  auspices  of 
Colonel  Molineux  acting  as  commissioner  for  Major-General 
Franklin. 

Christmas  was  observed  as  a  holiday,  the  men  being  granted 
freedom  from  drills.  December  26th  William  Prince  was  com 
missioned  First-Lieutenant  from  civil  life  and  was  placed  on 
the  rolls  of  Company  I.  December  29th  Colonel  Molineux 
was  relieved  from  the  staff  of  Major-General  Franklin  and 
January  3d,  1864,  assumed  command  of  the  district  relieving 
Brigadier- General  Birge  who  had  been  granted  a  furlough. 
The  winter  had  been  a  very  severe  one,  there  having  been 
several  heavy  frosts.  January  4th  a  cold  sleety  rain  fell  day 
and  night,  and  January  /th  there  was  quite  a  snow  fall,  some 
thing  very  notable  in  the  warm  section  we  were  supposed  to 
be  in. 

January  /th  Lieutenant-Colonel  Charles  A.  Burt  resigned 
on  surgeon's  certificate  and  Captain  Hart  took  command  of 
the  regiment.  January  loth  Major  Edward  L.  Gaul  was  pro 
moted  Lieutenant-Colonel.  January  I5th  Captain  Charles 
Lewis,  Company  C,  was  promoted  Major  of  the  One  Hundred 
and  Seventy-sixth  New  York  and  transferred,  and  Second- 
Lieutenant  Herman  Smith,  Company  G,  was  transferred  to 
Company  C.  January  25th  Quartermaster-Sergeant  John 
H.  Charlotte  was  promoted  First- Lieutenant  and  Regimental 
Quartermaster.  Corporal  William  A.  Jaquins,  Company  C, 


66    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

was  promoted  Quartermaster-Sergeant.  January  28th  Prin 
cipal  Musician  John  W.  Mambert,  fifer,  was  reduced  to  the 
ranks  and  returned  to  Company  G,  and  Musician  Thomas  B. 
Miller,  Company  A,  was  promoted  First  Principal  Musician. 
February  3rd  Second-Lieutenant  Lambert  Dingman,  Com 
pany  I,  was  discharged.  February  loth  Captain  Charles  C. 
Baker,  Company  I,  was  promoted  Major  of  the  Thirty-ninth 
New  York  ("Garibaldi  Guards")  and  transferred.  February 
1 2th  First- Lieutenant  Crawford  Williams,  Company  C,  who 
had  been  on  the  staff  of  Colonel  E.  G.  Beckwith  and  later  on 
that  of  Major-General  J.  J.  Reynolds  as  acting  assistant-com 
missary  subsistence  was  discharged.  February  i/th  a  polit 
ical  mass-meeting  was  held  in  the  town  at  which  addresses 
were  made  by  Hon.  Michael  Hahn,  Free  State  candidate  for 
governor,  and  others,  relieving  the  usual  monotony  of  garri 
son  duty  by  the  excitement  occasioned.  February  2Oth  First- 
Lieutenant  Duncan  Richmond,  Company  H,  was  promoted 
Captain  Company  K.  February  23rd  First-Lieutenant 
William  F.  Tiemann,  Company  A,  was  promoted  Captain 
Company  A.  February  24th  Bazillai  Ransom,  Sergeant 
Company  B,  and  Color-Sergeant,  who  had  distinguished  him 
self  at  Irish  Bend,  was  commissioned  Second-Lieutenant  but 
was  not  mustered  and  was  discharged.  Sergeant  Andrew 
Rifenburgh,  Company  G,  was  promoted  Second-Lieutenant 
Company  G.  February  25th  Captain  William  Waltermire, 
Company  E,  was  promoted  Major  and  assumed  command  of 
the  regiment. 

March  2d,  at  New  Orleans,  before  the  Provost  Court,  ten 
men  of  our  regiment  were  convicted  charged  with  going  on  a 
plantation,  breaking  negro  cabins,  violating  women,  stealing 
money,  clothing,  and  between  200  and  300  pounds  of  sugar, 
and  were  sentenced  to  Tortugas,  one  for  life  at  hard  labor  with 
ball  and  chain,  one  for  ten  years  at  hard  labor,  and  the  re 
maining  eight  for  three  years.  March  /th  a  brigade  of  cavalry 


ARRIVAL    OF   NEW    COMPANY    G.  6/ 

under  Colonel  N.  A.  M.  Dudley  marched  through  the  town 
on  their  way  to  the  Red  River.  This  and  other  indications 
led  us  to  suppose  that  our  own  stay  would  not  be  much  longer. 
March  I2th  Major  Waltermire  was  relieved  of  the  command 
of  our  regiment  by  Lieutenant-Colonel  Gaul  who  returned 
that  day  having  been  absent  on  detached  service  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  since  February,  1863.  The  same  day  a  new  company 
of  92  enlisted  men,  mostly  veterans  of  the  Fourteenth  New 
York  Volunteers,  and  3  officers,  Captain  James  S.  Reyn 
olds,  who  had  been  Second-Lieutenant  in  the  Fourteenth 
New  York  Volunteers,  First-Lieutenant  E.  Spencer  Elmer, 
who  had  been  Sergeant  in  Company  K  in  the  Fourteenth 
New  York  Volunteers,  and  Second-Lieutenant  Peter  R.  Van 
Deusen,  also  joined  the  regiment  and  was  designated  "  G  ", 
the  men  remaining  of  old  Company  G  being  transferred  to 
the  other  companies.  First-Lieutenant  George  W.  Hussey  was 
transferred  to  Company  B  and  Second-Lieutenant  Andrew 
Rifenburgh  to  Company  E. 


CHAPTER  IX. 

Leave  Tbibodeaux,  La.  —  Alexandria,  La.  —  Red  River 
Campaign. 

ARCH  1 3th  Brigadier-General  Cuvier  Grover,  having 
been  appointed  to  the  command,  arrived  in  Thibo- 
deaux  for  the  purpose  of  reorganizing  the  forces,  his  divi 
sion,  by  S.  O.  41,  February  I5th,  1864,  being  constituted 
the  SECOND,  and  the  brigade,  by  G.  O.  No.  I,  the  SECOND, 
comprising  the  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-ninth  New  York, 
One  Hundred  and  Thirty-first  New  York,  Ninetieth  New 
York,  Thirteenth  Connecticut,  and  First  Louisiana,  to  be 
commanded  by  Brigadier-General  H.  W.  Birge ;  and  our 
regiment  was  thereafter  until  the  close  of  the  war  part  of  the 
Second  Brigade,  Second  Division,  Nineteenth  Army  Corps. 
March  I5th  marching  orders  were  received  and  everything 
was  at  once  prepared  for  a  move.  March  ipth  Sergeant- 
Major  Marshall  A.  Dunham  was  discharged  for  promotion 
having  been  commissioned  First- Lieutenant,  U.  S.  C.  T. 

March  iQth  we  broke  camp,  marched  at  6  p.  m.  to  Terre- 
bonne  station  three  miles,  and  after  much  delay,  owing  to 
the  inefficiency  of  the  transportation,  took  the  cars  March 
2 ist,  reaching  Algiers  opposite  New  Orleans  the  same  day, 
and  March  24th  were  embarked  on  the  transport  steamer 
James  Battell,  sailing  up  the  Mississippi  and  Red  Rivers,  and 
arriving  at  Alexandria,  La.,  March  2/th,  where  we  disem 
barked  and  went  into  camp  above  the  town  just  beyond  the 
Bayou  Rapides.  The  town  is  located  on  the  south  or  right 


THE    SECOND    ADVANCE    TO    ALEXANDRIA.  69 

bank  of  the  Red  River  two  hundred  miles  from  the  mouth, 
one  hundred  and  seventy  miles  in  a  direct  line  and  three 
hundred  and  sixty  miles  by  water  northeast  of  New  Or 
leans.  It  is  two  hundred  and  twenty-eight  miles  by  rail 
from  New  Orleans.  April  1st,  with  the  other  regiments  of 
the  brigade,  we  were  drawn  in  nearer  the  town  across  the 
bayou.  April  4th  Brigadier-General  Birge  having  re 
turned  assumed  command  of  the  brigade,  relieving  Colonel 
Molineux,  who  was  thereupon  detailed  to  organize  the  State 
troops,  natives  of  Louisiana,  numbers  of  whom  were  enlist 
ing  to  support  the  cause  of  the  Union.  April  /th  a  very 
heavy  rain  fell.  April  Qth  Captain  Robert  McD.  Hart,  Com 
pany  F,  was  detached  to  serve  as  Ordnance  Officer  on  the  staff 
of  Brigadier-General  Grover.  Sergeant  William  E.  Palmer, 
Company  D,  was  promoted  Sergeant- Major.  April  pth  Sec 
ond-Lieutenant  Charles  H.  Brundage,  Company  K,  who  had 
been  with  the  regiment  only  about  four  months,  was  cashiered 
by  sentence  court-martial.  We  had  at  this  time  only  nine 
officers  in  all  present  for  duty  with  the  regiment. 

The  main  army  moved  on  towards  Shreveport,  leaving 
our  division  under  Brigadier-General  Grover  to  garrison  and 
guard  Alexandria  which  was  held  as  a  depot  for  supplies. 
April  iith  part  of  our  brigade  was  sent  up  the  river  on 
transports,  and  April  I4th  the  remainder  of  our  division  was 
ordered  to  the  front,  Brigadier- General  Grover  accompany 
ing  it  in  command,  leaving  our  regiment,  with  a  squadron  of 
cavalry  and  battery  of  artillery  and  the  State  troops,  all 
under  Colonel  Molineux,  to  protect  the  stores  which  were  in 
Alexandria.  As  the  country  was  infested  with  "  Guer 
rillas,"  or  "Partisan  Rangers,"  as  the  freebooting  rebels  were 
termed  who  owned  to  no  allegiance  to  any  disciplined  body, 
we  were  liable  to  an  attack  at  any  moment  and  the  utmost 
vigilance  was  necessary,  so  we  were  drawn  into  the  town, 
throwing  up  breastworks  and  barricading  the  streets  as  well 


70    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

as  our  small  force  would  permit,  while  the  cavalry  and  State 
troops,  who  were  mounted,  were  posted  to  cover  all  ap 
proaches  and  give  due  warning  of  any  appearance  of  the 
rebels.  There  were  also  two  gunboats  in  the  river  so 
placed  as  to  cover  the  town  and  its  approaches.  For 
tunately,  though  unexpectedly,  this  lasted  but  one  day  as 
April  1 5th  part  of  our  division  reinforced  us.  April  i8th 
First-Sergeant  Christopher  Branch,  Company  F,  was  pro 
moted  First-Lieutenant  Company  F.  April  23d  was  wet 
and  unpleasant  with  frequent  heavy  showers.  April  24th 
Colonel  Molineux  resumed  command  of  the  regiment  and 
orders  were  issued  to  prepare  for  a  march  which,  however, 
were  countermanded.  April  26th  the  remainder  of  our  divi 
sion,  with  the  main  army,  returned  to  Alexandria.  Success 
had  not  crowned  the  attempt  on  Shreveport ;  it  resulted  in 
complete  failure. 

On  April  /th  the  advance  had  met  and  driven  a  small 
force  at  Pleasant  Hill.  April  8th  our  cavalry  under  Brig 
adier-General  A.  L.  Lee  supported  by  Colonel  Landram's 
brigade,  Fourth  Division  Thirteenth  Corps,  and  later  by 
two  other  brigades  of  the  same  corps  under  Brigadier- Gen 
eral  Ransom,  met  and  drove  the  enemy  to  Sabine  Cross 
roads  where  the  main  body  of  the  rebels  was  met  and  our 
troops  were  obliged  to  retreat.  The  road  being  obstructed 
by  the  supply-train  of  our  cavalry  it  was  impossible  to  with 
draw  all  the  artillery,  and  many  pieces  with  over  one  hun 
dred  and  fifty  wagons  and  some  eight  hundred  men  fell  into 
the  hands  of  the  rebels,  who  pursued  our  retreating  forces 
sharply  three  miles  until  met  at  Pleasant  Grove  by  Emory's 
First  Division  Nineteenth  Corps  when  the  rebels  were  re 
pulsed  with  severe  loss  and  our  army  fell  back  to  Pleasant 
Hill  fifteen  miles.  April  9th  the  rebels  attacked  our  force 
at  Pleasant  Hill,  the  First  Division  Nineteenth  Corps,  with  a 
brigade  of  the  Sixteenth  Corps,  supported  by  the  remainder 


THE    SECOND    ADVANCE    TO    ALEXANDRIA.  71 

of  the  Sixteenth  Corps,  sustaining  the  attack  which  was  very 
severe,  repulsing  the  rebels  handsomely  and  driving  them 
until  nightfall.  Our  army  then  fell  back  to  Grand  Ecore 
and  from  there  to  Cane  River,  where  the  rebels  were 
strongly  posted,  which  they  reached  April  23d,  and  an  at 
tack  was  made  by  a  force  comprising  two  brigades  of  the 
Nineteenth  Corps  with  two  divisions  of  the  Thirteenth 
Corps,  led  by  Brigadier-General  Birge,  who  assaulted  the 
position  held  by  the  rebels  and  drove  them  from  it,  thus 
securing  the  safe  passage  of  our  army  which  then  continued 
the  retreat  until  Alexandria  was  reached.  In  the  meanwhile 
the  gunboats,  which  had  gone  up  Red  River  in  support  of  the 
army,  returned,  but  owing  to  the  falling  of  the  water  in  the 
river  were  unable  to  pass  the  rapids. 

April  28th  the  whole  army  was  drawn  up  in  line  of  battle 
in  two  lines,  the  Nineteenth  Corps  on  the  inner  one,  our 
brigade  near  the  center.  We  stood  nearly  the  whole  day 
expecting  an  attack  but  none  was  made.  At  night  we  saw 
the  flames  from  a  sugar-house  about  a  mile  from  the  town, 
which  was  burned  by  the  rebels  who  were  passing  around  us 
with  the  evident  intention  of  endeavoring  to  cut  off  our  re 
treat  down  the  river  or  to  prevent  supplies  from  reaching  us. 

April  29th,  just  after  dark,  our  regiment  with  the  Thir 
teenth  Connecticut,  First  Louisiana,  a  squadron  of  cavalry, 
and  section  of  artillery,  under  Colonel  Molineux,  was  crossed 
on  a  pontoon  bridge  and  camped  in  Pineville,  opposite  Alex 
andria,  on  the  left  bank  of  the  river,  to  cover  and  support  the 
workers  on  a  dam  which  Lieutenant-Colonel  Joseph  Bailey, 
Fourth  Wisconsin,  on  Major- General  Franklin's  staff,  under 
took  to  build  to  raise  the  water  sufficiently  for  the  gun 
boats  to  pass  the  rapids.  April  3Oth  Colonel  Molineux  was 
placed  in  command  of  the  brigade,  relieving  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  Birge  who  was  to  command  the  post  at  Baton  Rouge, 
and  Lieutenant-Colonel  Gaul  assumed  command  of  the 


/2     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

regiment.  We  occupied  a  position  to  the  right  of  the  main 
road  with  a  section  of  artillery  on  our  left,  the  Thirteenth 
Connecticut  and  First  Louisiana  being *on  the  left  of  the 
road.  Breastworks  were  thrown  up  by  our  brigade  and  we 
stood  under  arms  for  an  hour  each  morning  just  before 
light  to  be  in  readiness  for  any  attack,  as  it  was  expected 
the  rebels  would  attempt  to  defeat  the  undertaking  and 
capture  the  gunboats.  May  2d  Second-Lieutenant  Alfred 
Greenleaf,  Jr.,  Company  B,  was  discharged.  May  4th 
heavy  firing  was  heard  on  the  right  bank  above  the  town. 
May  5th  we  heard  heavy  musketry  and  artillery  firing  down 
the  river,  and  later  learned  that  a  large  force  of  rebels  with 
several  batteries  had  established  themselves  at  Dunn's  Bayou 
thirty  miles  below  Alexandria  where  they  attacked  the  trans 
port  Jo/in  Warner,  loaded  with  cotton  and  with  about  four 
hundred  men  on  board,  convoyed  by  two  small  gunboats  — 
Signal  and  Covington.  They  had  disabled  the  Warner, 
and  the  two  gunboats  being  also  disabled  the  Covington 
was  set  fire  to  and  blown  up  by  her  commander,  while  the 
Signal  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  rebels  who  sunk  her  across 
the  channel  as  an  obstruction. 

Although  doubt  was  expressed  as  to  its  feasibility  the 
dam  was  a  success.  Two  wings  were  constructed,  one  from 
either  shore,  towards  the  centre  of  the  river.  From  our 
side,  the  left  bank,  it  was  built  of  logs  and  large  trees  with 
the  limbs  closely  packed  down,  and  from  the  right  bank 
with  large  crates  filled  with  stones,  and  at  the  end  of  this 
wing  several  scows  were  filled  with  brick,  stones  and  iron, 
obtained  from  sugar-houses  in  the  vicinity  which  were  torn 
down  for  the  purpose,  and  sunk.  May  Qth  the  pressure 
of  water  was  so  great  that  two  of  the  scows  were  forced 
from  their  position  and  swung  in  below  the  dam.  The 
gunboats  Lexington,  Neosho,  Hindman,  and  Osage  passed 
through  safely  though  it  was  a  most  exciting  scene,  the 


THE    RED    RIVER    DAM.  73 

water  rushing  through  the  break  like  a  boiling  torrent,  and 
the  first  two  vessels  were  almost  entirely  submerged.  As 
they  righted  themselves  and  floated  into  deep  water  below 
the  rapids  the  whole  army  joined  in  shouts  and  cheers,  and 
many  were  the  words  of  praise  spoken  of  Lieutenant- Col 
onel  Bailey  who  had  planned  and  superintended  the  con 
struction  of  the  dam.  The  water  fell  too  rapidly  to  get  the 
other  boats  over  but  several  smaller  dams  were  constructed 
above  which  raised  the  river  sufficiently,  and  May  I2th  the 
Mound  City,  Carondelet  and  Pittsburgh,  followed  on  the 
1 3th  by  the  Louisville,  CJiillicothe,  Ozark,  and  two  tugs, 
passed  in  safety. 


CHAPTER  X. 

Leave  Alexandria,  Louisiana  —  Marksville,  Louisiana  —  Man- 
sura  Plains,  Louisiana  — Arrival  at  Morgan^a,  Louisiana. 

MAY  2d  Brigadier-General  William  H.  Emory  was  ap 
pointed  to  the  command  of  the  Nineteenth  Army  Corps, 
which  he  assumed  the  same  day.  May  I  ith  at  2  a.m.  we  were 
roused  by  firing,  the  rebels  having  made  an  attack  on  our 
cavalry  pickets  but  they  did  not  follow  it  up.  We  stood  under 
arms  until  6  a.  m.  when  we  crossed  the  river  on  the  pontoon 
bridge,  and  having  sent  all  our  baggage  on  board  the  trans 
ports  commenced  our  march  from  Alexandria  by  the  road  run 
ning  parallel  with  the  river  on  the  right  bank.  We  were  in  the 
advance,  following  directly  behind  our  cavalry.  The  weather 
was  very  hot.  After  marching  nine  miles  we  were  ordered 
back  four  miles  by  Brigadier- General  Grover  as  the  rest  of  the 
army  was  not  ready  to  move.  May  I2th  at  3  a.  m.  we  were 
aroused  quietly  and  stood  under  arms  in  line  of  battle  until  day 
break.  At  7  p.  m.  we  were  startled  by  the  long- roll,  our  cavalry 
picket  having  discovered  a  rebel  regiment  forming  line.  We 
quickly  fell  in  and  stood  under  arms  two  hours,  and  then  as  no 
attack  was  made  though  some  shots  were  fired  in  the  front 
we  went  back  to  our  quarters.  May  1 3th  we  broke  camp  and 
started  on  our  march  at  8  a.  m.,  making  nine  miles.  May 
1 4th  we  marched  at  6  a.  m.  We  were  passed  by  the  trans 
ports  and  gunboats  which  had  left  Alexandria  early  that 
morning.  They  reported  that  the  whole  town  had  been 
destroyed  by  our  forces.  The  weather  was  extremely  hot. 
We  marched  fifteen  miles  that  day,  reaching  the  point  where 


THE    SKIRMISH    AT    MARKSVILLE.  75 

the  rebels  had  attacked  the  John  Warner  and  gunboats. 
The  ground  was  covered  with  letters  from  the  mail  captured 
on  the  Warner.  Camp  fires  not  yet  extinguished  indicated 
the  rebels  were  in  close  proximity.  Our  regiment  was  de 
tailed  as  pickets  and  stationed  about  a  mile  from  the  river. 
May  1 5th  at  8  a.  m.  we  resumed  our  march  and  after  going 
five  miles  were  halted  at  Baydu  Choctaw  to  permit  the 
laying  over  of  a  pontoon  bridge  which  delayed  us  an  hour. 
We  then  moved  on  three  miles  through  a  heavy  woods  and 
came  out  on  an  open  plain  where  at  3  p.  m.  the  rebels  formed 
line  of  battle  to  oppose  our  further  progress,  and  our  division 
was  at  once  advanced,  our  brigade  in  front,  in  support  of 
our  cavalry  which  had  been  skirmishing  with  the  rebels  since 
early  morning.  As  we  came  into  the  open  they  made  a 
splendid  charge  and  the  rebels  left  in  a  hurry.  We  were 
suffering  greatly  as  the  heat  was  almost  insupportable  and 
water  very  scarce.  We  again  took  up  our  line  of  march  and 
after  going  four  miles  were  halted,  as  we  supposed  for  the 
night,  and  the  men  commenced  cooking  their  suppers  but 
had  hardly  done  so  when  we  heard  the  call  from  Colonel 
Molineux,  "  Fall  in,  Second  Brigade,"  "Hurry,"  "  Hurry," 
which  was  taken  up  and  repeated  by  the  officers.  Instantly 
the  camp  kettles  and  cups  were  emptied,  the  men  hastily  fell 
in  and  the  order  came,  "  By  the  right  flank  !  Double  quick  ! 
March !  "  and,  our  regiment  in  front,  we  went  on  a  run 
through  Marksville  (which  is  three  miles  south  of  Red  River 
and  thirty-five  miles  southeast  of  Alexandria)  near  which 
we  had  halted,  and  passing  the  town  two  miles  were  filed 
to  the  right  on  an  open  plain  and  faced  in  line  just  to  the 
rear  of  our  cavalry  which  were  heavily  engaged  and  had  lost 
some  ground  which  they  at  once  regained  with  our  support; 
and  after  shelling  us  for  several  hours  the  rebels  withdrew. 
A  drove  of  hogs  crossing  our  front  suffered  severely  from  the 
charge  which  was  made  on  it  the  instant  we  had  orders  to 


76    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

break  ranks.  Fires  were  soon  made,  and  after  refreshing 
themselves  with  coffee  and  roast  pork  the  men  were  soon 
enjoying  their  well-earned  rest.  .We  retrained  in  the  front 
all  night,  sleeping  in  line  on  our  arms.  We  lost  two  men, 
Abner  Staunton,  Company  D,  and  George  W.  Schofield, 
Company  I,  missing.  Staunton  died  October  28,  1864,  m 
Camp  Tyler,  Texas. 

May  1 6th  the  rest  of  the  army  came  up,  and  our  brigade 
in  advance,  forming  line  of  battle  as  the  enemy  were  in 
strong  force  in  our  front,  we  marched  over  fences,  through 
cane  and  corn  fields  for  four  miles  when  we  came  to  Man- 
sura  Plains,  seven  miles  south  of  Marksville,  where  the 
rebels  made  another  stand,  and  as  we  approached  opened 
on  us  with  artillery.  On  a  vast  prairie,  miles  in  extent,  our 
whole  army  was  drawn  up  in  echelon  of  brigades,  our  bri 
gade  the  left  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps  in  advance  as  the  bri 
gade  of  direction,  the  other  brigades  of  the  corps  with  those 
of  the  Thirteenth  and  Sixteenth  Corps  to  our  right  and 
rear,  the  cavalry  to  the  front,  and  on  our  flanks  in  the  inter 
vals  the  batteries,  many  of  them  hidden  by  the  smoke  from 
their  rapid  discharges  ;  and  a  more  glorious  spectacle  could 
not  be  imagined.  As  far  as  the  eye  could  see,  troops  march 
ing  and  taking  position,  cannon  booming,  flags  flying,  and 
the  glistening  of  the  rifles  in  the  bright  sunlight,  with  the 
soldierly  bearing  of  the  men,  the  charging  of  the  cavalry, 
and  the  dashing  into  position  of  the  artillery,  while  opposite 
were  alsp  the  enemy  in  line  in  clear  view,  made  a  sight  not 
often  seen  in  a  lifetime  and  never  to  be  forgotten.  It  was 
grand  to  look  along  the  lines  and  see  the  brigades  in  posi 
tion  with  their  commanders  just  to  the  rear  surrounded  by 
the  staff,  and  to  see  the  same  with  divisions  and  corps. 
Brigadier- General  Grover  came  dashing  to  the  front  with  a 
section  of  artillery,  the  horses  at  full  gallop;  they  quickly 
wheeled  into  position  which  he  indicated  as  he  sat  his  horse 


furst 


From    Official  Records    Vol.  XLVf. 


THE    SECOND    MARCH    TO    SIMMSPORT.  .       77 

looking  through  his  field-glasses  at  the  enemy  in  our  front, 
unlimbered,  and  in  a  moment  opened  on  the  rebels.  After 
an  artillery  duel  lasting  nearly  three  hours  our  division  was 
ordered  in,  but  the  enemy  did  not  wait  for  us  and  almost 
immediately  broke  and  commenced  a  rapid  retreat.  We 
hurried  after  them  about  four  miles  when,  further  pursuit 
being  useless  as  they  had  succeeded  in  making  good  their 
escape,  we  were  halted  at  Bayou  Rouge.  Resuming  our 
march  later  we  arrived  at  Bayou  de  Glaise,  about  eight 
miles  from  Simmsport,  where  we  camped  for  the  night. 
May  1 7th,  marching  at  7  a.  m.,  we  arrived  opposite  Simms 
port,  where  we  had  been  just  a  year  before  to  a  day,  at 
12  m.,  and  there  we  were  met  by  Major- General  E.  R.  S. 
Canby  who  had  as  we  understood  taken  command  of  the 
department  by  a  general  order  issued  May  iith. 

May  1 8th  at  noon  we  were  ferried  over  the  Atchafalaya 
by  transports,  while  the  artillery,  cavalry,  and  wagons 
crossed  on  an  extraordinary  and  novel  bridge,  suggested 
by  Lieutenant-Colonel  Bailey,  who  had  built  the  dam, 
made  by  placing  the  transport  steamers  side  by  side,  and 
went  in  camp  on  the  Semmes  plantation,  in  Simmsport,  in 
the  same  location  we  had  occupied  the  year  before.  At 
ii  p.m., just  after  getting  asleep,  there  was  an  alarm;  we 
broke  camp  and  marched  three  miles  up  the  river  where  we 
went  into  camp  again,  but  had  hardly  turned  in  when,  May 
1 9th,  at  4  a.  m.,  we  were  marched  back  to  the  crossing  for 
the  purpose  of  moving  over  to  the  support  of  Major-Gen- 
eral  A.  J.  Smith,  Sixteenth  Corps,  who  had  been  engaged  on 
the  1 8th  at  Yellow  Bayou,  three  miles  from  Simmsport,  and 
had  defeated  the  rebels.  Our  assistance  was  not  needed  as 
the  rebels  had  retreated,  and  we  were  marched  back  up  the 
river  again  six  miles  and  went  into  camp.  The  fields  were 
full  of  blackberries  which  the  men  gathered  in  bushels. 
May  2Oth  at  6  p.  m.  we  were  started  off  and  marched  eleven 

6A 


/8     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

miles  halting  at  midnight.  May  2 1st  we  were  roused  at 
4  a.  m.  having  had  but  four  hours'  rest,  but  did  not  start 
until  8  a.  m.  and  were  then  marched  twenty  miles.  It  was 
terribly  hot  and  several  men  were  sunstruck.  The  dust 
which  was  ankle-deep  rose  in  clouds  at  every  step,  and  as  the 
road  was  bordered  much  of  the  way  on  both  sides  with  high 
bushes,  preventing  any  circulation  of  air,  it  \vas  almost 
impossible  to  breathe.  The  surgeons  representing  to  Brig 
adier-General  Grover  that  the  men  could  not  endure  the 
fatigue  in  such  heat,  we  were  halted  from  12  m.  to  3.  p.  m. 
before  resuming  the  march.  May  2ist  First-Lieutenant 
George  W.  Hussey,  Company  B,  was  detached  as  A.A.D.C. 
on  the  brigade  staff.  May  22d  we  marched  four  miles 
starting  at  4  a.  m.  and  went  into  camp  between  the  levee 
and  river  at  Morganza  Bend,  on  the  west  bank  of  the  Mis 
sissippi  fifty-one  miles  above  Baton  Rouge.  As  we  came  in 
sight  of  the  river,  tired  and  footsore  though  we  were,  the 
men  broke  out  in  loud  cheers,  and  as  soon  as  camp  was 
made  enjoyed  a  bath  in  its  cool  and  refreshing  waters.  We 
here  received  a  mail,  the  first  for  many  days,  and  several 
recruits  reported  to  the  regiment.  May  23d,  Sergeant  Ed 
ward  Duffy,  Company  I,  was  promoted  First-Lieutenant 
Company  A.  May  24th  we  had  a  slight  shower  which  only 
served  to  intensify  the  heat.  May  29th  orders  were  re 
ceived  to  be  in  readiness  to  move  at  a  moment's  notice,  it 
being  rumored  that  Taylor's  forces  had  crossed  the  Atchaf- 
alaya  and  were  about  to  attack  Plaquemine  just  below  Baton 
Rouge,  but  the  report  proved  false  and  the  orders  were 
rescinded.  June  1st  Colonel  Molineux,  who  was  quite  ill, 
went  to  New  Orleans.  June  2d  Lieutenant-Colonel  Edward 
L.  Gaul  was  discharged,  Major  William  Waltermire  was 
promoted  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  Captain  Robert  McD. 
Hart,  Company  F,  was  promoted  Major.  June  2d  with 
the  Thirteenth  Connecticut  and  First  Louisiana  we  moved 


OUR    CAMP    AT    MORGANZA.  79 

camp,  the  one  we  were  in  being  a  heavy  sand-bank  and  the 
wagons  made  so  much  dust  in  passing  over  the  road  adjoin 
ing  it  that  it  was  almost  insupportable.  It  was  a  pleasant 
move.  We  encamped  two  miles  below  our  old  camp,  in  a 
charming  spot,  shady  and  cool,  between  the  levee  and  river 
in  a  grove  of  young  cottonwood  trees.  We  thinned  out 
the  trees,  cutting  those  in  the  company  streets  close  to  the 
ground,  leaving  stumps  where  the  tents  were  to  go  of  about 
five  feet  high,  on  which  were  erected  the  "dog  tents,"  as  the 
canvas  shelter  under  which  two  men  could  barely  crawl  was 
called,  and  inside  these  were  left  shorter  stumps  on  which 
the  men  erected  bunks  about  two  feet  from  the  ground. 
This  proved  a  good  arrangement,  as  the  next  day  and  for 
ten  successive  days  we  had  repeated  and  heavy  showers 
with  most  terrific  lightning  and  thunder.  During  one  severe 
shower  the  water  rose  almost  to  the  bunks,  on  which  the 
men  mounted  for  protection.  Being  so  shady  it  took  long  to 
dry,  and  regular  rations  of  whisky  and  quinine  were  issued 
by  order  of  the  surgeon.  Our  first  camp  had  been  all  dust 
and  this  seemed  destined  to  be  all  mud,  but  we  infinitely 
preferred  the  latter,  and  when  the  rain  was  over  were  very 
comfortable.  The  weather  being  extremely  hot  but  little 
drilling  was  done,  but  the  daily  details  from  the  regiment 
for  picket  duty  were  heavy.  At  this  time  we  had  but  five 
line  officers  for  duty  with  the  regiment,  two  of  those  present 
being  on  the  sick  list.  June  8th,  the  Fourteenth  New  Hamp 
shire,  a  new  regiment  seven  hundred  and  fifty  strong,  ar 
rived  and  were  attached  to  the  brigade,  their  Colonel,  Robert 
Wilson,  assuming  command  of  the  brigade  by  right  of  seni 
ority.  They  were  a  fine  looking  body  of  men  and  in  their 
clean  new  clothes  presented  a  sharp  contrast  to  us  in  our 
old,  well-worn  and  rather  dilapidated  uniforms. 

June  loth,  Second-Lieutenant  Andrew  Rifenburgh,  Com 
pany  E,  was  promoted  First-Lieutenant,  Company  E.     June 


80    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

iith  at  4  p.  m.  the  corps  was  reviewed  by  Major-General 
W.  H.  Emory.  It  was  clear  when  we  left  camp  but  the 
rain  fell  in  torrents  just  as  the  review  began  and  every  one 
was  drenched.  It  ceased  raining  just  as  the  review  was 
over,  while  we  were  on  our  way  back  to  camp.  June  I4th, 
another  review  of  all  the  troops  at  Morganza  was  held 
by  Major- General  D.  E.  Sickles.  The  day  was  beautiful 
but  intensely  hot.  June  I5th,  Joseph  G.  McNutt,  com 
missioned  Captain  from  civil  life,  joined  the  regiment  and 
was  assigned  to  the  command  of  Company  I.  June  i6th,  the 
regiment  was  inspected  by  the  Corps  Inspector  and  highly 
complimented  on  the  condition  of  the  arms  and  accoutre 
ments,  the  drill  and  general  appearance  of  the  men,  Com 
panies  A  and  F  being  specially  mentioned  as  the  finest 
looking  in  every  way  the  Inspector  had  seen  in  the  whole 
corps.  June  iQth  we  received  orders  to  prepare  rations  for 
ten  days.  The  same  night  at  10  o'clock  we  embarked  on 
the  transport  Ohio  Belle  with  the  Thirteenth  Connecticut 
and  a  detachment  of  cavalry,  and  after  a  long  delay  caused 
in  getting  the  rest  of  the  division  on  other  transports  we 
finally  started  June  2Oth  at  3  a.  m. 

The  force  numbered  about  five  thousand  infantry,  five 
hundred  cavalry,  and  four  pieces  of  artillery,  all  under  com 
mand  of  Brigadier-General  Grover,  and  was  sent  to  explore 
the  river  above  us,  it  being  reported  the  rebels  had  begun 
planting  a  battery  there  to  obstruct  navigation.  We  sailed 
up  the  river  to  Tunica  Bend,  fifteen  miles  above  Morganza, 
on  the  east  bank,  where  the  cavalry  and  several  regiments 
of  infantry  were  landed  and  after  a  reconnaissance  of  fif 
teen  miles  returned  with  three  prisoners.  The  troops  re- 
embarked  at  sundown  and  we  steamed  up  the  river  again, 
arriving  at  Fort  Adams,  Mississippi,  fifty-nine  miles  above 
Morganza,  on  the  east  bank,  June  2ist  at  6  a.  m.  The 
troops  were  all  disembarked  and  the  cavalry  went  off  on  a 


OUR    CAMPAIGN   TO    FORT    ADAMS,  MISS.  8 1 

scout,  returning  in  the  afternoon  without  having  seen  any 
rebels  in  the  vicinity.  The  country  at  this  place  was  beau 
tiful,  hilly  with  thick  woods,  a  great  contrast  to  Louisiana 
where  everything  was  perfectly  flat  and  level.  Near  by  was 
a  high  hill  on  which  had  stood  the  old  fort  from  which  the 
place  is  named,  from  the  top  of  which  it  was  said  the  coun 
try  could  be  seen  for  fifty  miles  around.  We  reembarked 
during  the  afternoon,  and  returning  reached  Morganza  at 
9  o'clock  the  same  night.  June  26th  the  Ninetieth  New 
York  and  Fourteenth  New  Hampshire  were  transferred  to 
another  brigade,  and  the  Third  Massachusetts  Cavalry  (dis 
mounted)  attached  to  ours,  Colonel  Molineux  resuming 
command  July  5th. 


CHAPTER  XI. 

Leave  Morgan  %a,  La. — Presentation  of  Colors — Leave  Louisi 
ana  for  Virginia — Arrival  at  Bermuda  Hundreds,  Va., 
and  Washington,  D.  C. — Our  Bear. 

JULY  2<d  at  10  p.  m.  the  regiment  broke  camp,  embarked 
on  the  transport  Lancaster,  No.  4,  sailed  down  the 
river  at  3  a.  m.  July  3d,  and  stopping  at  Port  Hudson  and 
Baton  Rouge  on  the  way  arrived  at  Algiers  July  4th  at 
6  p.  m.  after  a  very  hot  and  tedious  voyage,  the  steamer  be 
ing  crowded  with  troops  and  baggage.  There  was  a  brisk 
shower  during  the  afternoon,  the  first  for  over  three  weeks. 
Landing  that  night  we  were  quartered  in  the  Belvidere  Iron 
Foundry  and  the  field  adjoining.  July  /th  was  almost  un 
bearable,  the  heat  was  so  intense. 

July  8th  a  most  interesting  and  pleasant  event  occurred, 
the  reception  of  a  stand  of  colors  comprising  the  State  and 
national  flags,  the  latter  inscribed  "  Irish  Bend,  La.,  April 
14,  1863,"  ''Port  Hudson,  La.,  May  25,  June  14,  1863," 
and  two  guidons  with  the  figures  "159"  —  the  whole  of 
silk  with  heavy  gold  fringe  —  which  had  been  presented  to 
Colonel  Molineux  by  the  Twenty-third  Regiment  National 
Guard,  of  Brooklyn,  together  with  a  beautiful  sword  and 
equipments.  The  regiment  was  paraded,  and  in  a  few  fit 
ting  and  well-chosen  words  Colonel  Molineux  transferred  the 
colors  to  the  care  and  custody  of  the  regiment.  Immediately 
after  the  parade  the  officers  met  and  drew  up  the  letter  shown 
in  the  following  correspondence  : 


PRESENTATION    OF    SWORD   AND   COLORS.  83 


BROOKLYN,  June  24,  1864. 

Colonel  EDWARD  L.  MOLINEUX,  i^gth  Regiment  N.  Y.  V.,  New 
Orleans. 

Dear  Sir :  It  becomes  my  privilege,  as  President  of  the  Council 
of  Officers  of  the  Twenty-third  Regiment,  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y..  to  con 
vey  to  you  the  expression  of  regard  and  honor  for  yourself,  as  a 
patriot  and  soldier,  which  this  regiment  has  recently  caused  to  be 
prepared  for  your  acceptance. 

With  this  will  be  forwarded  a  sword  and  equipments,  together 
with  a  full  stand  of  regimental  colors,  which  I  beg  you  to  accept 
from  the  officers  and  men  of  the  Twenty-third  Regiment,  your 
friends  and  former  associates.  The  sword  you  will  worthily  wear 
in  the  cause  of  liberty  and  the  defense  of  our  beloved  country. 
The  colors  will  be  safely  borne,  wherever  duty  may  call,  by  the  gal 
lant  command  in  whose  honor  they  are  inscribed  with  the  names  of 
battle-fields  already  won. 

It  would  be  a  needless  task  to  speak  of  the  duty  of  the  hour  to 
soldiers  in  the  field,  whose  deeds  already  attest  their  valor  and  de 
votion,  but  it  is  our  hope  that  these  gifts  may  help  inspire  them  to 
future  achievement,  reminding  them  that  the  hearts  of  their  coun 
trymen  at  home  are  with  them,  that  we  are  proud  of  their  courage 
and  their  victories,  and  that  we  are  not  unmindful  of  our  duty  to 
encourage  and  sustain  them  to  the  end  in  their  glorious  work. 

May  the  triumphant  day  soon  come,  when  all  shall  rejoice  in 
liberty,  peace,  and  a  reunited  country — the  recompense  for  these 
years  of  war  and  sacrifice. 

Accept  the  good  wishes  of  all  the  members  of  the  Twenty-third 
Regiment,  and  the  assurance  of  my  personal  esteem. 

Yours  very  truly, 

(Signed)       JAMES  H.  FROTHINGHAM, 
President  of  the  Council,  Twenty-third  Regiment,  N.  G. 


84    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

HEADQUARTERS 

ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  V.  S.  V. 
ALGIERS,  LA*,  July  8,  1864. 

JAMES  H.  FROTHINGHAM,  Esq.,  President  of  the  Council,  Twenty- 
third  Regiment,  N.  G. 

Dear  Sir :  We  have,  this  day,  received  from  Colonel  E.  L.  Mol- 
ineux  the  beautiful  stand  of  colors  presented  to  him  by  the  mem 
bers  of  the  Twenty  -third  Regiment,  N.  G. 

When  these  elegant  emblems  of  State  and  Country  were  un 
furled  to  our  view  we  felt  indeed  imbued  with  fresh  patriotism,  and, 
as  a  gift  of  a  regiment  which  has  already  given  its  services  to  the 
country  in  time  of  need,  we  prize  them  still  more  highly. 

It  is  not  for  us  to  speak  of  the  inscriptions  that  were  kindly 
placed  thereon,  but  we  will  surely  always  endeavor  to  carry  these 
colors  to  the  point  where  they  are  ordered,  and  do  it  in  such 
manner  that  it  will  not  bring  discredit  either  upon  the  givers  or 
recipients. 

We  certainly  feel  inspired  by  this  spirit  which  is  shown  us  at 
home,  and  whenever  we  look  upon  these  beautiful  emblems  we  will 
think  of  our  country  and  the  kind  friends  who  are  ever  watchful  of 
our  interests. 

We  join  you  most  heartily  in  wishing  that  the  day  may  soon 
come  when  we  shall  be  permitted  to  again  return  to  our  peaceful 
vocations  and  with  a  united  country. 

Although  we  may  regret  the  loss  of  dear  friends,  noble  fellows 
who  have  fallen  in  this  cause,  yet  the  result  will  more  than  pay  us 
for  three  years  of  war  and  sacrifice. 

Allow  us  to  thank  the  members  for  their  beautiful  present,  trust 
ing  that  they  never  will  regret  placing  it  in  the  keeping  of  the  One 
Hundred  and  Fifty-ninth  New  York  Volunteers. 
We  have  the  honor  to  be, 

Your  most  humble  servants, 

(Signed)       WILLIAM  WALTERMIRE,  Lieutenant-Colonel, 
WILLIAM  F.  TIEMANN,  Captain, 
WILLIAM  Y.  PROVOST,  Surgeon, 
HERMAN  SMITH,  Lieutenant  and  A.  A.,  in  de- 
half  of  the  Regiment. 


PRESENTATION    OF   COLORS.  85 

HEADQUARTERS  SECOND  DIVISION,  IQTH  A.  C. 

U.  S.  Transport  Cahawba,  at  Sea,  July  20,  1864. 

JAMES  H.  FROTHINGHAM,  Esq.,  President  of  the  Council,  Twenty- 
third  Regiment,  N.  G.,  S.  of  N.  Y. 

Dear  Sir :  I  find  some  difficulty  in  expressing  to  you,  the  repre 
sentative  of  the  members  of  the  Twenty-third  Regiment,  my  feel 
ings  of  gratitude  for  the  elegant  testimonial  of  friendship  and  regard 
which  my  old  comrades  have,  in  their  kindness,  presented  to  me. 

However  unworthy  of  such  honor  I  feel  myself  to  be,  I  can  still 
assure  you  that  it  will  prove  an  additional  inducement  to  me,  as  a 
soldier,  to  prove  worthy  of  such  friendship.  Devoted  as  we  all  may 
be  to  the  interests  of  our  beloved  country,  willing  as  we  may  be  to 
suffer  for  the  cause,  yet  nothing  can  warm  our  hearts  more,  or  cheer 
us  along  in  the  discharge  of  arduous  duties,  than  the  knowledge 
that  friends  and  comrades  at  home  feel  interested  in  our  progress 
and  fate,  and  a  token  of  THEIR  regard  is  doubly  welcome,  especially 
when  it  comes  in  such  appropriate  shape  as  that  sent  by  you. 

I  can  fully  assure  you  that  the  splendid  stand  of  colors  will  be 
nobly  and  bravely  carried  by  the  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-ninth 
Regiment,  and  I  sincerely  pray  to  God  that  strength  may  be  given 
me  in  every  trial  to  be  worthy  of  your  sword  and  your  esteem. 

Uniting  with  you  in  the  hope  that  the  day  may  not  be  far  dis 
tant  when  PEACE,  honorable  and  permanent,  may  again  shine  over 
a  united  land, 

I  am  your  friend  and  comrade, 

EDWARD  L.  MOLINEUX, 
Colonel  One  Hundred  and  Fifty -ninth  JV.   Y.  V.,  Commanding. 


These  colors  were  carried  by  the  regiment  through  all 
our  succeeding  campaigns  and  battles  until  our  muster  out 
of  service,  when  the  fragments,  shot  torn  and  riddled,  were 
returned  to  Colonel  Molineux. 

July  1 5th  was  the  hottest  day  we  experienced  in  Louisi 
ana.  July  i/th,  Second-Lieutenant  Peter  Van  Deusen,  Com 
pany  G,  was  discharged.  The  weather  was  intensely  hot, 


86    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

and  the  city  of  New  Orleans  so  near,  being  just  across  the 
river,  that  the  men  had  a  constant  supply  of  rum,  which  did 
not  serve  to  make  them  cool.  On  the  contrary,  rows  were 
numerous,  in  one  of  which  one  man  had  a  bayonet  run 
through  his  arm,  and  our  Assistant-Surgeon  Briggs  distin 
guished  himself  by  knocking  over  one  of  the  biggest  and 
heaviest  men  in  the  regiment,  who  was  drunk  and  disorderly 
and  ventured  some  ill-timed  remarks  in  relation  to  " pills!  " 

After  waiting  two  weeks,  July  I7th  at  8  p.  m.  we  marched 
to  the  levee  and  were  embarked  on  the  steamer  Cahawba 
with  all  our  regimental  property.  Colonel  Molineux  and 
staff  were  on  board,  the  steamer  being  headquarters  of  the 
brigade.  The  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-first  New  York  and 
Twenty-second  Iowa  were  also  on  board.  While  lying  at 
the  levee  we  were  almost  devoured  by  the  mosquitoes,  which 
stung  most  venomously,  seeming  to  realize  our  intended  de 
parture  and  wishing  to  make  all  they  could  out  of  us  before 
we  could  get  away.  We  sailed  at  12  o'clock  midnight,  under 
sealed  orders  not  to  be  opened  for  twenty-four  hours  after 
starting.  Numerous  guesses  were  hazarded  as  to  our  des 
tination,  Galveston  and  Mobile  being  the  points  most  fre 
quently  named,  but  when  opened  we  found  our  orders  to  be 
to  proceed  to  Fortress  Monroe  and  report.  We  were  greatly 
crowded  (1350  on  board),  but  everything  possible  was  done 
for  our  comfort  and  to  keep  the  men  contented,  and  there 
were  few  complaints  and  but  little  grumbling,  quite  a  novelty 
when  it  is  considered  that  is  a  soldier's  principal  prerogative, 
—  at  least  he  thinks  so  !  We  passed  out  of  the  mouth  of  the 
river,  July  i8th,  in  the  evening,  and  July  2Oth  passed  Tortu- 
gas  and  Key  West. 

We  arrived  off  Fortress  Monroe,  seventeen  hundred  and 
seventy-one  miles  from  New  Orleans,  at  12  m.,  July  24th, 
after  a  quick  passage  of  only  six  and  one-half  days  and  hav 
ing  had  very  pleasant  weather.  Colonel  Molineux  landed 


ARRIVAL    AT    BERMUDA    HUNDREDS,   VA.  87 

for  orders  and  on  his  return  we  proceeded  on  and  up  the 
James  River  at  9  a.  m.,  July  25th,  and  at  5  p.  m.  arrived  at 
Bermuda  Hundreds,  Va.,  seventy-seven  miles  from  Fortress 
Monroe  and  eighteen  miles  from  Richmond,  and  disembarked 
immediately.  It  was  currently  reported  that  the  Nineteenth 
Corps  was  all  to  be  sent  to  Major- General  B.  F.  Butler's  com 
mand  to  enable  him  to  extend  his  lines  to  the  left,  his  forces 
occupying  the  position  between  the  James  and  Appomattox 
Rivers  with  the  right  resting  on  the  former.  July  26th  after 
unloading  our  regimental  stores  we  moved  six  miles  to 
the  intrenchments  in  the  front  and  were  camped  near  Major- 
General  Birney's  headquarters,  not  far  from  Hatcher's  house 
between  batteries  "  five  "  and  "  six,"  one  of  which  enjoyed 
the  euphonious  title  of  "Fort  Slaughter"  from  its  having 
proved  so  fatal  to  the  rebels,  who  had  made  more  than  twenty 
assaults  on  it  and  had  been  repulsed  with  terrible  loss  each 
time.  The  defenses  were  breastworks  of  earth  about  seven 
feet  high  (with  an  inner  platform  of  earth  one  foot  high  and 
two  feet  broad  on  which  the  men  stood  to  deliver  their  fire), 
some  five  feet  thick  at  the  top  and  twelve  or  fourteen  feet  at 
the  base.  On  top  of  the  earthworks  were  sand-bags  as  a 
protection  to  our  sharpshooters.  At  intervals  of  about  two 
hundred  and  fifty  yards  were  strong  batteries  numbered  con 
secutively  one,  two,  three,  etc.,  in  each  of  which  were  mounted 
ten  to  twelve  guns,  and  opposite  every  other  one,  about  one 
hundred  yards  in  front,  was  thrown  up  a  strong  redoubt  which 
was  commanded  by  the  battery  in  rear  as  well  as  those  on 
either  side.  The  works  were  built  more  strongly  and  with 
more  art  than  those  at  Port  Hudson  but  were  not  nearly  as 
strong  in  reality,  as  Port  Hudson  was  fortified  naturally  and 
the  obstructions  were  much  harder  to  overcome.  The  rebels 
were  in  strong  force  in  our  front,  and  the  firing  was  incessant. 
The  regiment  was  under  fire  in  the  trenches  or  on  picket  con 
stantly,  doing  daily  duty  in  one  position  or  the  other,  and  it 


88     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

seemed  almost  as  if  we  must  be  in  front  of  Port  Hudson  again. 
We  moved  camp  every  day  during  our  stay  which  fortu 
nately  was  a  short  one.  July  27th  at  3*a.  m.  we  struck  tents 
and  at  9  a.  m.  marched  one-half  mile  to  the  front  and  went 
in  camp 

July  27th  at  7  a.  m.  we  moved  and  camped  near  the  bomb- 
proofs,  going  into  the  trenches  at  8  p.  m.  July  29th  at  5:30 
a.  m.  we  left  the  trenches  and  went  back  to  camp,  and  at  9 
a.  m.  struck  tents  and  moved,  camping  directly  behind  the 
breastworks.  July  3Oth  at  noon  we  struck  tents  and 
marched  a  mile  to  the  left,  camping  a  short  distance  back 
of  the  breastworks.  We  had  hardly  attained  this  position 
when  orders  came  to  move  again,  and  July  3ist  at  2  a.  m. 
we  moved  from  the  front,  marched  to  the  river,  where  we 
lay  for  two  hours,  and  at  5  a.  m.  embarked  on  the  steamer 
Winona ;  sailed  in  the  afternoon,  stopping  at  Fortress  Mon 
roe  for  a  short  time  and  then  up  Chesapeake  Bay.  Au 
gust  ist  at  6  p.  m.  we  arrived  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  two 
hundred  and  sixty-one  miles  from  Bermuda  Hundreds,  were 
at  once  landed,  and  marched  up  town  through  Pennsylvania 
Avenue  to  the  " Soldiers'  Rest"  at  the  railroad  depot. 

One  very  important  member  of  our  regiment  has  been 
nearly  forgotten.  He  had  a  "roll"  of  his  own,  not  being  on 
that  of  the  regiment.  During  our  campaign  to  Alexandria, 
La.,  in  the  spring  of  1864,  Governor  Welles,  of  Louisiana, 
gave  to  Colonel  Molineux,  April  29th,  a  young  bear  cub, 
which  the  Colonel  presented  to  the  regiment.  Bruin  was 
placed  in  charge  of  the  drum  corps  where  he  soon  became 
a  great  favorite,  and  on  the  march  his  position  was  at  the 
head  of  the  regiment  under  the  leadership  and  supervision 
of  one  of  the  drummers.  He  attracted  great  attention  at  all 
times,  the  regiment  being  known  as  the  "bear  regiment,"  or 
"  Molineux's  Bears,"  wherever  it  went,  and  especially  so  as 
he  marched  through  Washington  at  the  head  of  the  column. 


OUR    BEAR    CREATES    A    SENSATION.  89 

A  great  crowd  gathered  around  him,  in  it  being  a  very 
spruce  and  dandy  darkey,  and  as  it  pressed  in  too  closely 
and  interfered  with  our  march  the  bear's  chain  was  let  out, 
and  the  darkey,  jumping  aside  to  avoid  the  bear,  stumbled 
and  fell  under  a  carriage,  the  wheels  of  which  passed  over 
him,  fortunately  without  injury  except  to  his  clothes,  and  he 
was  a  most  woe-begone  and  forlorn  looking  object  as  he 
limped  away,  the  bear  meanwhile  plodding  on  perfectly  un 
concerned. 

At  the  "  Rest"  we  were  provided  with  a  bountiful  supper 
and  the  men  had  a  night's  good  sleep.  All  our  baggage  was 
loaded  on  the  cars,  and  it  was  reported  we  were  going  to 
Chambersburg,  Pa.,  which  the  rebels  under  McCausland  had 
burned  July  3Oth.  August  2nd  we  were  moved  at  5  a.  m., 
but  instead  of  taking  the  cars  were  marched  in  column  of 
companies  up  Pennsylvania  Avenue  past  the  Capitol,  Trea 
sury,  and  White  House,  and  then  by  the  flank  to  Tenally- 
town,  D.  C.,  six  miles  northwest  of  the  Capitol,  and  camped 
in  a  beautiful  spot  on  one  of  the  hills  which  surround  Wash 
ington,  just  within  the  chain  of  forts  encircling  the  city. 
The  rebel  general,  Early,  with  a  large  force,  had  crossed  the 
Potomac  and  threatened  the  Capital,  in  defense  of  which  we 
had  been  called  from  Bermuda  Hundreds,  other  troops  being 
hurriedly  called  from  all  points  available  for  the  same  pur 
pose.  Finding  the  city  too  well  defended  for  a  successful 
attack,  Early  passed  by,  and  after  doing  some  damage  in 
Maryland  and  Pennsylvania  was  forced  back  into  the  Shen- 
andoah  Valley. 

August  5th  the  regiment  was  inspected  by  Major  Hart, 
of  Brigadier- General  Grover's  staff.  August  6th  we  had  a 
heavy  thunder-shower,  the  first  rain  since  leaving  Louisiana. 
August  8th  George  B.  Stayley,  Sergeant  in  the  Forty-eighth 
New  York,  promoted  First- Lieutenant,  joined  the  regiment 
for  duty,  and  was  assigned  to  Company  H.  August  9th 


90    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

we  moved  camp  about  one-quarter  mile  north  of  our  old 
position  to  a  high  hill  near  Fort  Gaines.  The  weather  was 
intensely  hot,  the  thermometer  marking  *98°  in  the  shade 
during  the  afternoon.  August  I2th  at  3  a.  m.  the  regiment 
was  detailed  to  cut  down  trees  near  Fort  Bunker  Hill,  re 
turning  to  camp  at  5  p.  m.  of  the  I3th. 


CHAPTER  XII. 

We  join  Sheridan's  Command  —  Halltown,  Virginia  —  Berry- 
mile,  Virginia. 

AUGUST  1 2th  we  received  orders  to  move  and  were  in- 
1~\.  formed  we  were  to  join  the  forces  under  Major-General 
Phil.  Sheridan  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  where  he  was  con 
fronting  the  rebels  under  Early.  Part  of  our  corps  had 
already  joined  him.  August  I3th,  shortly  after  our  return 
from  the  wood-cutting  expedition,  there  was  another  severe 
thunder-storm,  the  rain  falling  in  torrents. 

August  1 4th  we  were  roused  at  i  a.  m.  and,  getting  break 
fast,  started  over  the  Leesburg  pike  at  4  a.  m.  We  marched 
nine  miles  to  Difficult  Creek,  which  we  had  to  wade,  camp 
ing  after  crossing.  August  I5th  at  2  a.  m.  we  moved,  and 
at  7  a.  m.  passed  through  Drainesville,  seventeen  miles  from 
Washington.  Just  before  noon  we  crossed  Broad  Run, 
twenty-six  miles  from  Washington,  and  camped.  August 
1 6th  at  4  a.  m.  we  resumed  our  march,  crossing  Goose 
Creek,  four  miles  east  of  Leesburg,  at  9  a.  m.,  and  arrived  in 
Leesburg,  thirty-six  miles  from  Washington,  at  12  m,,  going 
into  camp  a  quarter-mile  beyond  the  town.  August  i/th 
at  4  a.  m.  we  started  again,  passing  through  Hamilton,  four 
miles  west  of  Leesburg,  at  6  a.  m.,  and  Purcellville,  fifty  miles 
from  Washington,  at  10  a.  m.  At  10.30  a.  m.  we  went  into 
camp  about  four  miles  east  of  Snicker's  Gap,  but  were  ordered 
to  strike  camp  at  5  p.  m.  and  marched  at  once,  reaching  the 
Gap  at  6.30  p.  m.  We  were  pressed  forward  as  rapidly  as 
possible,  as  it  was  reported  the  enemy  was  endeavoring  to 


92     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

cut  us  off  from  the  Gap  and  prevent  the  junction  of  our 
forces.  At  9  p.  m.  we  reached  the  Shenandoah  River  at 
Castleborough,  to  cross  which  we  had  to  strip  off  shoes, 
stockings,  and  trousers,  making  the  men  look  like  a  lot  of 
Highlanders.  To  add  to  our  discomfort  rain  began  to  fall. 
We  reached  Berryville,  sixty-nine  miles  from  Washington 
and  eleven  miles  east  of  Winchester,  a  march  of  thirty-three 
miles  in  thirteen  and  one-half  hours,  actual  time,  at  12  p.  m., 
and,  footsore  and  weary,  threw  ourselves  on  the  wet,  muddy 
ground  without  thought  ofblanketorcovering,and  were  almost 
instantly  fast  asleep,  though  it  was  raining  heavily.  August 
1 8th  at  5.30  a.  m.  we  were  started  off  without  breakfast, 
marching  through  Berryville  and  going  four  miles,  where  we 
halted  while  the  Sixth  and  Eighth  Corps  passed  us,  and  were 
permitted  to  get  a  mouthful  to  eat.  Here  we  had  a  sight  of 
Major-General  Sheridan,  a  short,  stout,  quick-moving  man, 
who  looked  as  if  he  had  determination  enough  for  a  dozen. 
We  liked  his  "general"  appearance  and  thought  he  would 
prove  a  good  commander  and  a  "man  at  a  pinch,"  which,  as 
events  proved,  we  were  fully  justified  in  thinking.  After 
the  corps  had  passed,  we  marched  again  about  four  miles, 
and  late  at  night  we  went  in  camp  in  the  woods  about  a 
mile  from  the  road.  It  had  rained  heavily  all  day  and  we 
found  it  difficult  to.  get  any  place  to  rest.  August  I9th  we 
remained  in  the  woods,  moving  camp  at  sundown  a  short 
distance  further  to  the  right.  The  day  was  very  wet  and 
unpleasant.  August  2Oth  at  9  a.  m.  we  were  marched  into 
position,  to  the  left  of  the  road  leading  to  Harper's  Ferry, 
about  three  miles  south  of  Charlestown,  where  we  rejoined 
the  rest  of  our  brigade,  which  now  comprised  our  regiment 
with  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-first  New  York,  Third 
Massachusetts  Cavalry  (dismounted),  Eleventh  Indiana,  and 
Twenty-second  Iowa,  Colonel  Molineux  in  command,  being 
still  the  Second  Brigade,  Second  Division,  Detachment  of  the 


THE    MARCH    TO    HALLTOWN.  93 

Nineteenth  Army  Corps  —  the  last  designation,  because  part 
of  the  corps  had  remained  in  Louisiana.  We  also  had  with 
us  a  small  detachment  of  the  Thirteenth  Connecticut  as  part 
of  the  brigade.  The  rain  still  fell  and  made  things  very  un 
pleasant.  August  2 1st  we  had  regimental  inspection  and 
battalion  drill.  Heavy  firing  was  heard  in  the  direction  of 
Summit  Point,  just  south  of  us,  and  soon  troops  were  moving 
taking  position  in  line,  as  the  enemy  were  in  force  and  our 
cavalry  falling  back.  We  were  posted  on  the  crest  of  a  hill 
and  at  once  put  to  work  throwing  up  breastworks.  We  were 
in  line  until  9.30  p.  m.,  when  we  received  orders  to  move, 
and  at  1 1  p.  m.  marched  towards  Harper's  Ferry,  the  Nine 
teenth  Corps  being  in  the  rear  covering  the  movement,  our 
brigade  holding  the  extreme  rear.  The  rain  had  ceased 
during  the  early  morning  and  the  day  was  pleasant. 

August  22d  at  1.15  a.  m.  we  marched  through  Charles- 
town,  ten  miles  south  of  Harper's  Ferry,  memorable  as  the 
scene  of  the  hanging  of  John  Brown.  At  3  a.  m.  we  reached 
Halltown,  six  miles  from  Harper's  Ferry,  where  we  were  halted 
and  camped  on  the  heights  to  the  right  of  the  village.  The 
enemy  had  been  following  us  closely.  At  4  a.  m.  skirmish 
ing  began  again,  and  at  5.30  a.  m.  we  marched  out  of  camp 
down  the  hill  into  an  open  field  to  the  left  of  the  road,  when 
we  deployed  as  skirmishers,  advancing  about  one-quarter  mile 
where  we  threw  up  breastworks,  acting  as  pickets  for  our  divi 
sion.  During  the  afternoon  and  night  it  rained  heavily.  We 
remained  on  the  lines  until  5  a.  m.,  August  23d,  when  we  were 
relieved  by  another  regiment  of  our  brigade  and  we  went 
into  camp  at  Halltown.  August  24th  during  the  forenoon 
we  moved  camp  to  the  left  behind  breastworks.  In  the  after 
noon  our  regiment,  with  the  Twenty-second  Iowa  and  Elev 
enth  Indiana,  under  command  of  Colonel  Daniel  McCauley 
of  the  latter  regiment,  was  marched  out  for  a  reconnaissance. 
Reaching  the  picket  line,  which  was  posted  in  the  outskirt  of 


94    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  y.  V. 

a  wood,  our  regiment  was  deployed  as  skirmishers,  three 
companies  in  reserve.  The  regiment  advanced  across  an 
open  field  in  front  of  the  woods  and  was  engaged  almost  im 
mediately  with  a  heavy  picket  line  of  the  enemy,  which  was 
soon  strongly  reenforced.  Our  men  pressed  forward  bravely 
and  the  roar  of  the  musketry  was  almost  incessant.  They 
drove  the  rebels  for  some  distance  through  the  woods  in  the 
edge  of  which  they  had  held  their  position,  until  the  heavy 
firing  showed  the  presence  of  a  large  force,  and  then  orders 
were  eiven  to  fall  back.  This  was  even  more  difficult  than 

o 

the  advance,  as  the  rebels,  now  in  large  numbers,  pursued  as 
closely  and  rapidly  as  possible;  but  the  retreat  was  executed 
in  good  order,  the  men  being  very  deliberate  in  the  move 
ment,  falling  back  quietly  with  the  utmost  coolness,  and  the 
regiment  was  soon  within  our  lines  again.  Captain  Wells  O. 
Pettit,  Company  H,  was  severely  wounded,  and  nine  men 
were  wounded,  twro  fatally.  One  of  the  wounded  was  cap 
tured  by  the  rebels. 

Private  JAMES  J.  LENFESTY,  Company  B,  mortally. 

Corporal  MARTIN  SMALIX,  Company  B. 

Private  WILLIAM  SHERMAN,  Company  B,  prisoner. 

"      CHRISTIAN  SCHNACK,  Company  C. 
Sergeant  EGBERT  S.  COVEY,  Company  G. 

"        FRANK  W.  KURTZ,  Company  G,  mortally. 
Corporal  NICHOLAS  R.  SHULTIS,  Company  G. 
Private  RUSSELL  VAN  DEUSEN,  Company  G. 
Corporal  JOSEPH  O.  REED,  Company  I. 

The  three  companies  in  reserve  were  deployed  to  strengthen 
the  pickets,  but  as  the  rebels  did  not  advance  beyond  their 
first  line  they  were  drawn  in  and  rejoined  the  regiment  which 
then  returned  to  camp.  The  whole  conduct  of  the  regiment 
was  highly  spoken  of  by  the  officers  who  witnessed  the  engage 
ment  and  also  in  the  report  made  by  Colonel  McCauley. 


OUR    CAMP    NEAR    CHARLESTOWN.  95 

August  25th  J.  Anthony  Tiemann,  Sergeant,  Company  B, 
was  promoted  First-Lieutenant,  Company  F.  August  25th 
we  were  aroused  at  4  a.  m.  and  stood  under  arms  until  day 
break.  This  was  repeated  August  26th.  August  27th  we 
again  stood  under  arms.  During  the  day  we  received  orders 
to  move.  We  were  roused  at  3  a.  m.  August  28th,  struck 
tents  and  moved  at  7. 30  a.  m.,  and  marched  ten  miles  from 
Harper's  Ferry  to  just  south  of  Charlestown,  where  we  were 
posted  behind  strong  breastworks  to  the  right  of  the  road 
near  the  position  we  had  occupied  on  the  2Oth,  the  rebels 
having  fallen  back  to  Bunker  Hill  west  of  the  Opequan. 

August  29th  part  of  the  Eleventh  Indiana  left  for  home, 
the  term  of  its  service  having  expired. 

During  the  day  there  was  an  alarm,  the  rebels  having 
attacked  and  driven  our  cavalry  for  some  distance  towards 
our  position,  but  they  were  driven  back  again  and  the  lost 
ground  regained.  Each  morning  at  3  o'clock  we  were 
formed  in  line  and  stood  under  arms  until  5.30  a.  m.  We 
had  drill  daily,  besides  which  we  furnished  details  for  picket 
and  to  repair  the  breastworks.  We  had  very  little  to  eat 
except  green  corn,  which  we  roasted,  and  green  apples, 
which  we  ate  raw.  The  change  of  climate  caused  us  much 
suffering,  as  we  felt  the  cold  weather  greatly,  the  nights  and 
early  mornings  being  much  colder  than  we  had  experienced 
in  Louisiana.  September  2d  First-Lieutenant  George  W. 
Hussey,  Company  B,  was  promoted  Captain,  Company  F, 
and  Sergeant  John  Day,  Company  K,  to  First-Lieutenant, 
Company  B.  September  3d,  First-Lieutenant  William 
Prince,  Company  I,  was  discharged  to  accept  appointment 
as  Ordnance  Officer.  Though  borne  on  the  rolls,  he  had 
never  served  with  our  regiment.  September  3d  we  were 
roused  at  3  a.  m.  and  struck  tents,  and  at  6  a.  m.  marched 
up  the  valley  twelve  miles  where  we  were  halted  in  a  large 
field  to  the  left  of  the  road,  taking  position  in  the  corps  line 


96    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

just  west  of  Fairfield,  the  Sixth  Corps*  being  on  the  right 
towards  Clifton,  and  the  Eighth  Corps  on  the  left  towards 
Berryville,  the  Nineteenth  Corps  occupying  the  center.  We 
had  been  in  camp  but  a  short  time,  when,  at  5  p.  m.,  heavy 
firing  was  heard  in  front  and  we  were  marched  out  and 
formed  in  line  across  the  pike  about  a  mile  from  Berryville. 
The  firing  grew  quicker  and  more  heavy,  and  our  regiment, 
with  the  Twenty-second  Iowa  and  Thirteenth  Connecticut, 
which  had  rejoined  the  brigade  that  day  from  veteran  furlough, 
together  with  the  Third  Brigade  was  ordered  to  the  scene  of 
action.  Line  was  formed  with  our  regiment  on  the  left  just 
to  the  right  of  the  Eighth  Corps,  and  we  then  marched  for 
ward  under  a  heavy  artillery  fire  to  within  short  musketry 
range  of  the  rebels,  and  occupied  the  crest  of  a  hill.  As  it 
was  growing  dark  and  the  firing  began  to  slacken  we  were 
halted  and  ordered  to  take  what  rest  we  could  in  line,  but  it 
was  quite  impossible  to  sleep,  as  it  was  raining  heavily  and 
the  night  was  bitterly  cold.  For  some  time  the  rebels  kept 
up  a  firing  by  file,  and  as  the  bright  flashes  ran  along  their 
line  they  looked  like  myriads  of  fireflies  illumining  the  woods. 
During  the  night  they  opened  fire  with  artillery  on  our  am 
bulances,  which  were  moving  in  our  rear,  and  one  of  our 
men,  Stephen  Morey,  Company  C,  was  wounded  by  a  piece 
of  shell,  a  number  of  which  fell  and  exploded  unpleasantly 
close.  The  firing  was  stopped  as  soon  as  the  rolling  of  the 
ambulances  ceased.  September  4th  the  other  regiments  were 
drawn  in,  leaving  ours  on  the  line  as  pickets.  The  rebels 
shelled  us  and  killed  one  man,  Henry  Karcher,  Company  G. 
It  was  rainy  all  day  and  our  position  was  anything  but  com 
fortable.  We  were  relieved  at  7  p.  m.  and  marched  back 
about  half  a  mile.  September  5th  breastworks  were  thrown 
up  on  the  line  we  held.  It  rained  heavily  all  day  and  night. 
September  6th  Edward  Tynan,  who  had  been  First-Ser 
geant,  Company  A,  and  discharged  in  consequence  of  a  severe 


THE    RECONNAISSANCE    TO    WINCHESTER.  97 

wound  received  at  Irish  Bend,  La.,  April  14,  1863,  was  com 
missioned  First- Lieutenant  from  civil  life,  and  joining  the 
regiment  was  assigned  to  Company  I.  The  rain  which  had 
continued  steadily  ceased  at  noon  and  the  afternoon  was  very 
pleasant.  September  7th  our  entire  brigade,  with  Colonel 
Molineux  in  command,  left  the  camp  at  loa.  m.  and,  moving 
parallel  with  the  breastworks  on  the  outside,  marched  to  the 
Winchester  pike.  The  Third  Massachusetts  was  deployed 
as  skirmishers  across  and  beyond  the  pike  on  either  side, 
our  regiment  to  the  left  of  the  road.  We  went  up  the  valley 
six  miles  when  videttes  of  rebel  cavalry  were  seen,  one  of 
whom  was  wounded  by  one  of  our  sharpshooters  but  made 
his  escape.  Learning  the  rebels  were  in  strong  force  a  short 
distance  beyond  we  marched  back  to  camp,  which  we  reached 
at  5.30  p.  m. 

September  8th  heavy  rain  fell,  and  a  ration  of  whisky  was 
issued  by  order  of  the  surgeon.  September  9th  we  had  a 
very  heavy  thunder-storm  at  midnight.  September  loth 
was  rainy  and  disagreeable.  Sunday,  September  I  ith,  hav 
ing  been  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  a  day  of  thanks 
giving  and  praise  for  the  victories  at  Mobile  and  Atlanta,  the 
regiment  was  marched  to  brigade  headquarters  where  divine 
service  was  held,  the  chaplain  first  reading  the  proclamation 
of  the  President.  It  rained  before  the  service  was  over,  and 
in  the  afternoon  there  was  a  heavy  hail-storm.  September 
1 2th  drill  was  resumed  and  we  had  dress  parade  at  sundown. 

September  I3th  our  regiment  furnished  a  large  detail  for 
picket  duty,  and  as  our  cavalry  had  that  day  captured  the 
Eighth  South  Carolina  Infantry  with  all  its  officers  and  its 
battle  flags,  extra  precautions  were  taken  as  it  was  supposed 
the  rebels  would  attempt  a  reprisal,  but  the  night,  which  was 
a  beautiful  one  though  intensely  cold,  passed  very  quietly, 
the  enemy  making  no  demonstration.  September  I4th  was 
showery,  and  heavy  rain  fell  at  intervals. 


CHAPTER  XIII. 

Winchester ',  Virginia — Our  Losses — Fisher's  Hill,  Virginia. 

SEPTEMBER  i6th  we  had  brigade  drill,  the  first  in 
months,  and  as  all  the  forces  were  having  the  same  it 
was  generally  thought  a  move  was  in  contemplation.  Sep 
tember  i /th  we  heard  that  General  Grant  was  visiting  Gen 
eral  Sheridan,  which  served  to  confirm  the  thought,  and  it 
was  soon  made  a  certainty,  as  September  i8th  orders  were 
received  to  move  at  2  a.  m.  the  next  day  without  wagons  or 
baggage.  The  day  was  cloudy  and  cold  with  light  showers. 
September  iQth  at  I  a.  m.  a  general  forward  movement 
of  the  whole  army  commenced.  We  marched  at  2  a.  m.  up 
the  pike  towards  Winchester,  thirty-two  miles  south  of  Har 
per's  Ferry,  where  the  enemy  were  rumored  to  be  in  strong 
force.  In  the  early  morning  we  heard  heavy  firing  in  our 
front.  Baggage-wagons  and  artillery  filled  the  road  and 
caused  a  long  delay  until  they  were  hauled  out  to  either  side 
and  allowed  our  passing.  Pressing  on  we  soon  passed  hos 
pital  tents  on  the  roadside,  where  already  the  surgeons  were 
busy  caring  for  the  wounded,  who  were  rapidly  being  brought 
in.  At  9  a.m.  we  were  marched  under  the  crest  of  a  hill  to  the 
right  of  the  pike,  crossing  the  Opequan,  where  we  filled  our 
canteens ;  and  shortly  after  line  of  battle  was  formed,  the 
First  and  Third  Brigades  of  our  division  (Grover's)  in  front, 
the  Fourth  and  our  brigade  being  in  the  rear  of  the  first  line 
at  supporting  distance.  We  were  then  moved  forward  to 
the  top  of  a  hill,  from  which  we  had  a  view  of  the  field  be 
yond,  our  forces  in  front  pressing  forward  under  a  heavy 


THE    BATTLE    OF    OPEQUAN.  99 

fire  from  the  rebels.  The  brigades  in  our  front  inclining  to 
the  right  as  they  advanced,  and  the  brigade  of  the  Sixth 
Corps,  which  was  on  their  left,  keeping  too  much  to  the  left, 
made  a  gap  in  our  front  line,  which  our  brigade  was  ordered 
forward  to  fill.  It  was  about  1 1.30  a.  m.  when  the  order  was  re 
ceived.  We  went  down  the  hill  and  across  the  field,  passing 
a  ravine,  and  then  mounted  a  slight  eminence  directly  in 
front  of  a  rebel  battery  posted  on  a  hill  opposite  our  position, 
which  was  shelling  us  as  fast  as  the  pieces  could  be  loaded 
and  fired.  To  our  right  and  left  our  forces  were  retiring 
before  the  enemy,  while  in  our  front  the  rebels  were  coming 
on  in  columns,  and  receiving  the  order  "Commence  firing  " 
we  became  engaged  immediately.  The  regimental  line  was 
perfect,  the  men  marching  with  precision  and  keeping  well 
dressed  on  the  colors,  though  the  rebel  fire  of  artillery  and 
musketry  was  terrific.  We  were  halted,  and  kept  up  a 
steady  fire  for  some  time;  then  came  the  order  ''Cease  fir 
ing,"  and  shortly  after  this  Lieutenant  Handy,  an  aide  on 
the  staff  of  Colonel  Molineux,  dashed  across  the  field  just  in 
our  rear,  his  horse  at  full  gallop,  and  shouted  "  Retreat ! 
Retreat ! !  "  Looking  to  our  right  we  saw  our  forces  rap 
idly  falling  back  before  heavy  masses  of  the  rebels,  who 
were  following  them  closely,  and  the  order  was  at  once 
obeyed.  When  we  reached  the  ravine,  but  a  short  distance 
in  rear  of  the  eminence  from  which  we  had  been  driven,  an 
order  was  given  to  rally,  but  such  was  the  impetuosity  of 
the  rebel  charge  that  our  lines  were  sxvept  back,  and  one 
officer  and  nineteen  men  of  our  regiment  were  captured. 
It  was  difficult  to  restore  order,  but  being  re-formed  and  the 
lines  adjusted  our  regiment  was  again  ordered  forward  with 
the  other  regiments  of  our  brigade  Dwight's  division, 
which  had  been  in  the  rear  in  support,  had  in  the  mean 
while  advanced,  and  the  Eighth  Corps  coming  in  on  their 
right,  on  the  left  flank  of  the  enemy,  the  rebels  were  forced 


100     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

back,  and  after  a  long  and  obstinate  struggle  lasting  until 
late  in  the  afternoon,  Early  with  his  army  was  driven  in  full 
retreat  from  Winchester  with  our  forces  in  hot  pursuit. 

Lieutenant  Herman  Smith,  Company  C,  Acting-Adjutant, 
was  mortally  wounded,  and  died  October  4th.  Enlisting 
in  Company  H,  enrolled  as  Sergeant,  he  had  been  promoted 
to  Sergeant-Major  and  Second-Lieutenant,  and  by  his  kindly 
manner  and  bravery  in  action  had  endeared  himself  to  all, 
and  his  loss  was  severely  felt  by  the  regiment.  Lieutenant 
Edward  Duffy,  Company  A,  Lieutenant  Henry  M.  Howard, 
Company  D,  and  Captain  Joseph  G.  McNutt,  Company  I, 
were  wounded.  Captain  William  F.  Tiemann,  Company  A, 
was  captured  by  the  rebels.  Our  regiment  lost  in  the  battle 
78  :  5  men  killed,  4  officers  (i  mortally)  and  49  men  (4  mor 
tally)  wounded,  I  officer  and  19  men  prisoners. 

The  following  list  is  as  near  perfect  as  it  can  be  made : 


WOUNDED. 

Company  C. 

Second- Lieutenant HERMAN  SMITH,  Acting- Adjutant, 

mortally. 

Company  A, 
First- Lieutenant EDWARD  DUFFY 

Company  D. 
First- Lieutenant HENRY  M.  HOWARD 

Company  I. 
Captain JOSEPH  G.  McNuxx 

MISSING. 

Company  A. 
Captain WILLIAM  F.  TIEMANN 


OUR    LOSSES    AT    OPEQUAN.  IOI 

KILLED. 

Company  A. 
Corporal,  TATER,  JOHN  D.  Private,     VAN  DEUSEN,  DELBERT 

Company  C. 
Sergeant,  WENDT,  AUGUSTUS 

Company  D. 
Private,     FITZGERALD,  PATRICK 

Company  H. 
Private,     LANDER,  HENRY  E. 


WOUNDED. 

Company  A. 
Private,     JENNINGS,  DANIEL         Corporal,  OSBORNE,  HENRY  A. 

Company  B. 

Private,     LAWRENCE,  FRED'K  J.  Private,     RICHMOND,  SILAS  W. 
"         LOUGHLIN,  STEPHEN 

Company   C. 

Private,     EDWARDS,  A.  EUGENE  Private,  STAATS,  MYRON 

Sergeant,  FITZGERALD,  JAMES  "  SCHNACK,  CHRISTIAN 

Private,     GAILOR,  AUSTIN  "  SCHERMERHORN,  JOHN 

Sergeant,  KELLERHOUSE,  JONAS  A.  "  WHEELER,  FREELAND 
Private,     SHUFELT,  WILLIAM 

Company  D. 

Private,     KISTERS,  FRANK  W.      Private,     SMITH,  CONRAD 
MORRIS,  ISAAC 

Company  E. 

Private,     ALMSTEAD,  JOHN  W.     Private,     DECKER,  JAMES 
"         BENZIE,  GEORGE  A.  "         PROPER,  ROBERT 

"         COYLE,  WILLIAM  H. 


102     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

Company  F. 

Private,     COLGAN,  WILLIAM,         Corporal,  MACKEY,  TERENCE 

mortally.                       Private,  NICHOLS,  FLOYD  C., 

Corporal,  CALLAGHAN,  WILLIAM  mortally. 

Company  G. 

Private,     COE,  JAMES  H.  Corporal,  POST,  DAVID 

Corporal,  HALLENBECK,  JACOB     Private,     SHEEHAN,  DENNIS 
Private,     MICHAEL,  ANTHONY  M.       "         TOOMEY,  JOHN 

Company  H, 
Private,     ADAMS,  WASHINGTON,  Private,     JENKINS,  AUGUSTUS  G. 

mortally.  "          LEONARD,  BENJAMIN 

"         FRIER,  WILLIAM  H.  "          POWELL,  CHARLES 

HURLEY,  ROBERT          Sergeant,  TRAVER,  MARTIN 

Company  I. 

Private,     CORY,  EUGENE  A.          Private,     WAGONER,  WILLIAM  H. 
HOUCK,  WALTER  C. 

Company  K. 
Private,     BROPHY,  EDWARD          Private,     KANE,  JOHN 

"          COUGHLAN,  JOHN  "          KEWAN,  JOHN  M. 

"         HOFFMANN,  GEORGE  A.       "         TANNER,  WILLIAM  D. 
"          HAHN,  HENRY 


MISSING. 

Company  A. 
Corporal,  PEARY,  SILAS  W.  Private,     WARD,  THOMAS, 

died  in  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

Company  B, 
Corporal,  HATFIELD,  GEORGE  W. 

Company  C. 

Private,     DEWITT,  DORR,  Private,     SMITH,  GROSVENOR 

died  in  Richmond,  Va. 


THE    PURSUIT   TO    FISHER'S    HILL.  IO3 

Company  D. 

Private,     TREITLEIN,  JOSEPH, 

died  in  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

Company  E. 
Sergeant,  McNEiLL,  DEWITT 

Company  F. 

Corporal,  DosER,BARTHOLOMEW,Pra;tfte,     MOTT,  CHARLES  W. 
died  in  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

Company  G. 

Private,     BRADY,  CALEB  Private,  SHERMAN,  HENRY, 

"          MEAGHER,  JEREMIAH  died  in  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

"  SPAULDING,  SABOR  S. 

Company  If. 

Private,     LOUGEA,  JOHN  L.,         Private,     MILLOTT,  GEORGE 
died  in  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

Company  I. 
Private,     SCOTT,  THOMAS 

Company  K. 
Private,     DOOLIN,  BERNARD,       Private,     GOSHIA,  ANDREW, 

died  in  Salisbury,  N.  C.  died  in  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

"         DOLAN,  TIMOTHY 

The  enemy  was  closely  followed  by  our  army.  Early 
made  a  stand  three  miles  from  Strasburg,  at  Fisher's  Hill, 
which  was  strongly  fortified,  his  lines  extending  from  the 
Shenandoah  River  on  his  right  to  North  Mountain  on  his  left. 
The  Valley  pike,  up  which  part  of  our  brigade  made  its  way 
later  during  the  assault,  extends  for  some  distance  nearly 
parallel  with  the  river  and  in  full  view  from  the  hill,  then 
branches  to  the  right  for  a  short  distance  to  Tumbling  Run, 


104    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

which  flows  along  the  base  of  the  hill  and  which  is  crossed 
by  a  narrow  stone  bridge,  and  turning  to  the  left  again  goes 
on  over  the  hill,  flanked  on  either  side  by  steep  and  precip 
itous  rocks,  except  just  to  the  right,  where  is  a  narrow  and 
very  deep  ravine.  Strong  rifle  pits  were  constructed  by  the 
rebels  on  either  side  of  the  road  down  to  the  run,  covering 
it  completely,  while  a  strong  earthwork  was  erected  along 
the  crest  of  the  hill,  which  gave  them  full  command  of  the 
road  and  approaches  beyond. 

September  2Oth  the  regiment  marched  at  5  a.  m.  with 
the  rest  of  the  brigade,  camping  near  the  ford  at  Stras- 
burg,  twenty  miles  south  of  Winchester.  September  2ist  we 
moved  our  camp  to  the  right  of  the  Strasburg  pike.  In  the 
early  morning  with  our  brigade  we  marched  towards  the 
right  of  our  line  and  were  formed  in  line  of  battle  in  rear  of 
the  First  Brigade,  occupying  a  knoll  directly  facing  the  moun 
tain  on  which  the  main  works  of  the  rebels  were  constructed 
and  from  which  they  were  maintaining  a  continuous  steady 
fire  on  our  position.  At  8.30  a.  m.  we  were  moved  out  to  the 
left  of  our  line,  and  posted  in  an  orchard  near  to  and  com 
manding  the  Strasburg  pike,  and  were  ordered  to  construct 
breastworks,  which  we  did,  and  were  then  ordered  to  support 
the  Fifth  New  York  Battery  which  came  into  position  on  the 
Strasburg  road  to  our  left.  At  I  p.  m.  we  were  moved  out  in 
support  of  a  skirmish  line  to  our  right,  but  had  hardly  marched 
into  position  when  we  were  moved  still  further  to  our  left  in 
support  of  the  Seventeenth  Indiana  Battery.  At  4.30  p.  m. 
we  were  ordered  to  commence  firing,  and  at  5  p.  m.  we  ad 
vanced  to  support  a  line  in  our  front,  charging  up  the  hill  on 
the  works,  from  which  the  rebels  were  quickly  driven,  and  we 
soon  occupied  the  crest.  Our  regiment  was  then  detailed  to 
take  charge  of  the  prisoners,  then  some  two  hundred  in 
number,  and  follow  our  brigade,  which  led  the  advance  in 
pursuit  of  the  rebels,  who  were  in  full  retreat.  The  pursuit 


f-rr  -^fe=       4-^Li        =?  2  A  ***  <*i  ~  fa  f>   /+))    t 

IfcM  r«t-^'i1v::irc  rvi 


ADVANCE    TO    MOUNT   CRAWFORD.  105 

was  kept  up  all  night.  At  9.30  p.  m.  our  brigade  skirmish- 
line  was  fired  on  by  the  rebels,  and  the  forces  in  our  rear  by 
some  mistake  opened  fire  on  our  brigade.  This  mistake  was 
repeated  about  a  mile  further  on.  The  pursuit  was  kept  up 
until  3.30  a.  m.,  September  23d,  when  our  advance  was 
halted  just  south  of  Woodstock,  twenty-nine  miles  from 
Winchester,  and  sixty-one  miles  from  Harper's  Ferry.  Our 
regiment,  in  charge  of  the  prisoners,  a  number  of  whom  we 
had  secured  on  the  march,  reached  the  brigade  at  9.30  a.  m. 
A  quantity  of  small  arms,  several  pieces  of  artillery,  horses, 
wagons,  and  about  one  thousand  prisoners,  were  captured, 
which,  with  a  large  wagon-train,  the  regiment  was  detailed  to 
take  charge  of  and  convoy  to  Winchester.  Leaving  Wood 
stock  at  5  p.  m.  September  23d,  delivering  the  prisoners 
and  property  at  Winchester  September  25th,  the  regiment 
at  once  started  back  again  in  charge  of  a  supply  train,  reach 
ing  the  front  and  rejoining  the  brigade  at  Harrisonburg, 
sixty-eight  miles  from  Winchester,  at  3  p.  m.  September 
27th,  having  marched  ninety-seven  miles  in  the  four  days. 
During  the  following  three  days  we  fed  on  green  corn  and 
apples,  there  being  no  rations  issued.  The  weather  was 
rainy,  cold,  and  very  unpleasant.  September  28th  we  ad 
vanced  to  Mount  Crawford,  eight  miles  south  of  Harrison- 
burg,  with  the  other  troops  in  support  of  a  movement  by 
the  cavalry,  and  September  3Oth  we  returned  to  Harrison- 
burg.  October  3d  we  received  orders  to  move,  and  struck 
tents  at  5  a.  m.,  but  the  orders  being  countermanded  we 
went  into  camp  again.  The  days  and  nights  were  rainy  and 
very  cold,  it  having  continued  to  rain  since  the  1st.  October 
6th  we  struck  tents  and  moved  at  daylight,  marching  twenty- 
three  miles  to  near  Mount  Jackson.  October  7th,  with  three 
days'  rations,  we  moved  at  7  a.  m.,  and  after  marching  a 
short  distance  went  in  line  of  battle.  After  a  short  delay 
the  march  was  resumed,  and  passing  through  Mount  Jackson, 


106     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

Edinburgh,  and  Woodstock  we  camped  two  miles  from  the 
latter,  having  marched  twenty  miles.  Rain  fell  during  the 
night.  October  8th  we  moved  at  6  a.  m.  Twice  we  stopped 
and  formed  line  of  battle.  We  marched  until  4  p.  m.,  when 
we  went  into  camp  in  a  ravine  near  Fisher's  Hill,  nine  miles 
from  our  starting  place.  October  pth  at  9  a.  m.  we  moved 
half  a  mile  to  the  left.  This  day  the  rebel  General  Rosser, 
with  a  large  cavalry  force,  was  thoroughly  and  effectually 
whipped  by  our  cavalry  under  General  Torbert,  with  the  loss 
of  a  number  of  killed,  wounded,  and  prisoners,  and  nearly 
all  his  artillery.  October  loth  we  moved  at  2  p.  m.,  cross 
ing  to  the  north  of  Cedar  Creek,  fourteen  miles  south  of 
Winchester,  and  went  into  camp  to  the  left  of  the  road,  after 
a  march  of  five  miles.  The  construction  of  earthworks  was 
at  once  begun.  October  iith  Barzillai  Ransom,  who  had 
been  Sergeant,  Company  B,  commissioned  Second-Lieuten 
ant,  and  discharged  in  February  owing  to  insufficiency  of 
men  to  permit  his  muster  in,  having  been  commissioned 
First-Lieutenant  from  civil  life,  joined  the  regiment  and  was 
appointed  to  command  Company  C. 

Early  having  received  reinforcements,  had  followed  up  our 
army,  and  October  I3th  made  an  attack  in  force  on  the 
Eighth  Corps  at  Hupp's  Hill,  the  fight  being  visible  from 
our  position.  We  were  formed  in  line  with  the  rest  of  the 
army,  two  regiments  of  our  brigade  being  marched  to  the 
front  to  strengthen  our  picket  line,  but  the  rebels  fell  back 
to  Fisher's  Hill,  their  movement  having  been  a  reconnois- 
sance  to  discover  our  position  and  force.  At  4  p.  m.  we 
struck  tents,  and  marched  to  the  left  at  10  p.  m.,  where  we 
remained  all  night  on  picket.  October  I4th  at  10  a.  m. 
we  marched  back  to  our  old  camp.  October  i6th  at  mid 
night  the  regiment  was  aroused  and  at  once  put  to  work 
throwing  up  breastworks.  The  night  was  intensely  cold. 
October  I7th  the  work  of  throwing  up  the  breastworks  was 
completed. 


SKETCH  BY  COLONEL  E.  L.  MOLINEUX.  COMMANDING  BRIGADE. 


CHAPTER  XIV. 

Cedar  Creek,  Virginia — Our  Losses. 

OCTOBER  1 8th  Colonel  Molineux  received  orders  to 
hold  the  brigade  in  readiness  to  move  at  daylight  on  a 
reconnoissance  to  Strasburg,  it  having  been  reported  that 
the  rebels  had  moved  from  our  front,  and  we  were  ordered 
to  be  ready  to  march  at  5:30  a.  m.  October  I9th  our  regi 
ment,  with  the  others  of  the  brigade,  had  breakfasted  and 
was  in  line  awaiting  orders.  Just  before  6  a.  m.  the  sound 
of  heavy  firing  was  heard  on  the  left,  and  we  were  at  once 
marched  into  the  breastworks,  and  soon  after  the  troops  of 
the  Eighth  Corps  were  streaming  past,  followed  by  the  yell 
ing  rebel  host.  Early  had  planned  and  executed  a  daring 
and  brilliant  move.  Posting  part  of  his  army  with  the  artil 
lery  in  front  of  our  forces  to  be  ready  at  the  desired  moment, 
he  had  marched  a  large  force  during  the  night  of  the  i8th 
under  the  base  of  Massanutten  Mountain,  fording  the  Shen- 
andoah  twice,  and  gained  a  position  to  the  rear  and  on  the 
left  of  the  Eighth  Corps,  his  movement  being  concealed  in 
part  by  a  dense  fog  which  arose  in  the  early  morning.  Our 
troops,  all  unprepared  and  unsuspecting  such  an  attack,  were 
quickly  aroused  from  their  slumbers  by  the  volleys  of  mus 
ketry  and  the  yells  of  the  rebels  as  they  advanced  to  the 
attack.  At  the  same  time  the  enemy  in  our  front  moved 
forward  to  the  assault,  and  caught  between  the  two  fires  our 
army  was  forced  back.  Our  regiment,  with  the  others  of 
the  brigade  remaining,  two  having  just  been  detached,  was 
formed  in  line  in  front  of  the  rifle  pits  to  oppose  the  attack 


108     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

in  the  rear ;  but  it  was  impossible  to  resist  the  rush  of  the 
rebels,  who  had  driven  the  Eighth  Corps  from  its  position, 
and  to  sustain  the  murderous  fire  from  tTiose  advancing  in 
the  front,  who  threatened  to  hem  us  in,  and  filing  to  the 
right  we  fell  to  the  rear  for  a  short  distance,  forming  line 
facing  the  enemy  to  the  left  of  the  Sixth  Corps,  but  were 
shortly  afterwards  ordered  back  about  one  hundred  yards 
in  support  of  a  battery,  which,  however,  retreated  with 
out  firing  a  shot.  We  held  the  hill  on  which  we  were 
posted  for  some  time  and  were  then  moved  to  the  right  near 
a  belt  of  woods  held  by  the  rebels,  where  we  were  soon  very 
actively  engaged  endeavoring  to  hold  them  in  check.  The 
whole  line  gradually  fell  back,  retiring  about  four  miles  to 
just  beyond  Middletown.  Up  to  this  time  the  army  had 
been  under  command  of  Major -General  Wright  of  the  Sixth 
Corps;  Major-General  Sheridan  was  absent,  having  gone  to 
Washington  on  the  I5th,  and  returning  he  reached  Winches 
ter  on  the  day  preceding  Early's  attack.  Here,  in  the  early 
morning,  was  heard  the  sound  of  artillery  firing,  but  it  was 
not  at  first  supposed  there  was  a  battle  going  on.  Leaving 
Winchester  about  9  a.  m.,  General  Sheridan  met  a  part  of 
the  retreating  force  just  beyond  the  town.  This  and  the 
heavy  firing  now  distinctly  audible  showed  him  a  general 
engagement  was  in  progress.  Dashing  forward  at  top  speed 
he  met  crowds  of  stragglers  and  demoralized  troops  whom 
he  halted,  and  by  his  presence  and  cheering  words  soon 
infused  new  life  and  energy  in  the  disheartened  men,  and 
with  earnest  resolve  that  his  promise,  "  We  shall  occupy  our 
old  lines  again  to-night,"  should  be  true,  the  broken  lines 
were  re-formed,  and  with  renewed  vigor  they  marched  to 
meet  the  enemy.  At  noon  our  brigade  was  advanced  in 
line  on  the  left  of  the  Sixth  Corps  to  a  wood  where  abreast- 
work  of  rails  was  thrown  up.  Here  the  rebels  made  a  charge 
on  us,  but  were  quickly  repulsed,  but  to  our  sorrow  we  lost 


THE  BATTLE  OF  CEDAR  CREEK.         109 

here  the  brave  Captain  Richmond.  At  3.30  p.  m.,  with  the 
Sixth  Corps  on  the  left,  the  Nineteenth  Corps  on  the  right, 
and  the  Eighth  Corps  in  support,  our  troops  pressed  forward 
after  the  rebels,  who  had  now  commenced  to  fall  back.  The 
Nineteenth  Corps  was  strongly  resisted,  but  gallantly  ad 
vancing  under  the  personal  observation  of  General  Sheri 
dan  the  rebels  were  quickly  driven  from  the  positions  they 
had  stubbornly  attempted  to  hold  behind  stone  walls  and 
fences,  and  they  were  soon  fleeing  before  our  victorious 
troops,  who  followed  in  close  pursuit.  Our  brigade  was  on 
the  extreme  left  of  our  corps  next  to  the  right  of  the  Sixth 
Corps,  the  Thirteenth  Connecticut  deployed  as  skirmishers, 
our  regiment  the  fourth  from  the  left  of  the  brigade.  The 
rebels  in  our  front  were  in  two  lines,  strongly  posted  behind 
a  stone  wall  and  on  the  crest  of  a  hill  with  a  battery  in  posi 
tion.  After  delivering  our  fire  a  charge  was  ordered  and 
the  rebels  were  driven  from  the  hill,  our  colors  being  the 
third  to  be  planted  on  its  crest.  We  captured  in  the  charge 
three  officers  and  thirty-one  men  of  the  rebels.  Halting  here 
for  a  short  time  only,  we  pressed  forward  again  until  at 
Cedar  Creek  we  halted  and  finally  camped  in  our  old  quar 
ters.  General  Sheridan  had  proved  himself  the  "  man  at  a 
pinch"  we  had  thought  him  to  be  when  we  first  saw  him, 
and  had  nobly  kept  his  glorious  promise.  Throughout  the 
entire  fight  our  regiment,  with  all  those  of  our  brigade,  main 
tained  its  organization  and  moved  from  point  to  point  as  it 
was  ordered. 

Major  Robert  McD.  Hart  of  our  regiment,  serving  on 
Brigadier- General  Grover's  staff,  was  severely  wounded  and 
captured  by  the  rebels  while  striving  to  rally  one  of  our  bat 
teries.  He  was  recaptured  in  the  afternoon,  but  owing  to 
the  length  of  time  during  which  he  had  no  proper  attention, 
though  the  rebels  had  treated  him  with  the  utmost  kindness 
in  their  power,  as  he  himself  testified,  the  loss  of  blood  was 


I  10     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

so  great  as  to  cause  his  death  from  exhaustion  the  same 
night.  No  officer  possessed  greater  bravery  or  more  of  the 
spirit  of  a  true  soldier.  He  was  a  firm  Qisciplinarian  and 
exacted  implicit  obedience  from  his  men.  but  no  one  cared 
more  for  or  looked  more  closely  to  their  interests  than  did  he. 
A  member  of  Company  C,  Seventh  N.  Y.  S.  M.,  he  had  re 
cruited  Company  F  of  our  regiment,  of  which  he  was  Captain 
prior  to  his  promotion,  and  had  served  with  the  company 
until  appointed  to  the  staff  of  our  division  commander,  where 
he  served  with  distinguished  credit  to  himself  until  his  un 
timely  death. 

Captain  Duncan  Richmond,  Company  K,  who  had  been 
with  us  from  the  first,  having  helped  to  recruit  the  same  com 
pany  as  Second-Lieutenant,  and  who  was  promoted  to  be  its 
commanding  officer  and  had  been  present  in  every  engage 
ment  in  which  we  had  participated,  was  also  killed,  and  the 
loss  was  most  severely  felt  by  the  entire  regiment.  Pleasant 
and  genial  in  his  manner,  kind  to  and  thoughtful  of  his  men, 
brave  as  the  bravest,  we  could  ill  afford  to  lose  so  gallant  an 
officer.  He  fell  just  as  success  was  assured  to  our  arms. 
None  more  worthy  gave  his  life  for  his  country. 

First-Lieutenant  Barzillai  Ransom,  Company  C,  was 
wounded. 

Our  loss  was  22  :  2  officers,  2  men  killed  ;  I  officer,  12  men 
wounded  (i  mortally);  5  men  missing. 

The  following  list  is  as  near  perfect  as  it  can  be  made. 


KILLED. 

Major ROBERT  McD.  HART, 

A.  O.  O.  &  L,  2d  Div'n. 

Company  K. 
Captain DUNCAN  RICHMOND 


OUR    LOSSES   AT    CEDAR    CREEK.  I  I  I 

WOUNDED. 

Company   C. 
First- Lieutenant    .  BARZILLAI  RANSOM 


KILLED. 

Company  A.  Company  E. 

Private,     MORRIN,  LEWIS  Private,     PERKINS,  JAMES  T. 

WOUNDED. 

Company  A.  Company  B. 

Private,     LOWN,  JOHN  S.  Private,     MURRAY,  MICHAEL 

Company  C. 
Private,     TATER,  WILLIAM 

Company  D. 

Private,     BROWN,  JOHN  J.,  Private,     FURNESS,  MICHAEL 

mortally.  "          MILLER,  GEORGE  H. 

Company  E.  Company  G. 

Private,     PROPEK,  GEORGE  Private,     ROWLINSON,  ELLIOTT 

Company  H. 
Private,     HERBERT,  WILLIAM 

Company  I. 
Private,     DEVLIN,  JOHN  Private,     EDSON,  ALMON 

Company  K. 
Private,     LEONARD,  JAMES  S. 

MISSING. 

Company  A. 
Private,     CLEARWATER,  JOSEPH 


112     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

Company  B. 

Private,     CAVANAGH,  THOMAS      Private,     SCHNEPF,  GOTTLIEB, 
"          DAILY,  JOHN,  dieft  in  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

died  in  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

Company  /. 
Private,     MORTON,  JAMES, 

died  in  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

October  2Oth  our  regiment  moved  up  the  valley  to  Stras- 
burg  with  the  rest  of  our  brigade,  guarding  for  the  night  the 
ford  on  the  left.  Through  the  foresight  and  thoughtfulness 
of  Colonel  Molineux  we  were  much  better  off  than  most  of 
the  troops,  as  he  had  permitted  us,  when  the  attack  of  the 
I9th  was  commenced,  to  strike  our  tents  and  secure  our 
blankets ;  and  these  were  now  of  good  service  as  the  night 
was  piercingly  cold.  October  2ist  at  5  a.  m.  we  marched 
back  to  our  old  camp.  Rain  fell  during  the  night.  October 
23d  the  night  was  rainy  and  intensely  cold.  October  24th 
the  congratulations  of  President  Lincoln  were  read  to  the 
troops. 

EXECUTIVE  MANSION, 
WASHINGTON,  October  22,  1864. 
MAJOR-GENERAL  SHERIDAN. 

With  great  pleasure  I  tender  to  you  and  your  brave  army  the 
thanks  of  the  Nation,  and  my  own  personal  admiration  and  grat 
itude,  for  the  month's  operations  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley ;  and 
especially  for  the  splendid  work  of  October  19,  1864. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

ABRAHAM  LINCOLN. 

The  day  was  intensely  cold  and  there  was  heavy  frost  that 
night.  October  26th  was  cloudy ;  the  night  was  rainy  and 
cold.  October  2/th  was  cold,  cloudy,  and  unpleasant,  with 
rain  during  the  night.  November  3d  and  4th  were  rainy  and 


FORT    WALTERMIRE.  113 

cold.  November  6th  and /th  were  wet  and  very  cold.  Novem 
ber  8th  marching  orders  were  received  and  tents  struck  at 
4  a.  m.  We  lay  in  the  rain  all  day,  and  at  night  put  up  our 
tents  again.  The  rain  continued  through  the  night.  Novem 
ber  9th  we  struck  tents  at  5  a.  m.  We  started  at  9.30  a.  m. 
and,  passing  through  Middletown  and  Newtown,  marched 
about  five  miles  back  of  the  creek,  and  camped  on  a  hill  to 
the  right  of  the  pike  two  miles  north  of  Newtown.  Novem 
ber  loth  we  moved  camp  to  the  left  about  half  a  mile.  Novem 
ber  nth  the  rebels  attacked  our  cavalry,  and  after  a  severe 
skirmish  drove  them  back.  At  noon  we  struck  tents  ready 
to  move,  but  the  rebels  were  repulsed  and  we  formed  camp 
again.  In  the  afternoon  the  regiment  began  the  construc 
tion  of  breastworks.  November  I2th  heavy  firing  was  heard 
in  the  front.  We  struck  tents  at  daylight  and  then  again 
formed  camp,  without  moving,  at  sunset.  We  finished  the 
breastworks  in  our  front,  which  we  named  "  Fort  Waltermire 
—  Bears'  Retreat,  or  a  rough  hug  for  rebs."  The  night  was 
rainy  and  cold.  November  2Oth  and  2ist  were  rainy  and 
cold.  November  24th  was  observed  as  Thanksgiving  Day, 
and  no  duties  except  those  absolutely  necessary  were  per 
formed.  November  28th  orders  were  received  to  go  into 
winter  quarters.  November  29th  we  moved  camp  to  the 
left  of  the  Front  Royal  road,  and  began  the  erection  of  log 
huts,  in  which  we  were  housed  during  the  winter  and  made 
as  comfortable  as  possible,  and  with  a  plentiful  supply  of 
fuel  had  little  trouble  to  keep  warm,  though  the  climate  was 
so  much  colder  than  in  Louisiana.  The  winter  was  a  very 
severe  one,  there  being  numerous  snow-storms  which  covered 
the  ground  to  the  depth  of  several  inches,  and  the  streams 
in  the  vicinity  were  frozen  over  solidly.  December  1st  and 
7th  it  rained  all  night  and  was  very  cold.  The  intermediate 
days  were  pleasant  but  cold.  December  9th,  at  sunset,  snow 
commenced  to  fall  and  continued  all  night.  December  i6th 


I  14     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

all  the  batteries  fired  salutes  in  honor  of  the  victory  obtained 
by  General  Thomas  over  General  Hood  at  Nashville.  De 
cember  i /th  salutes  were  again  fired  in*  honor  of  General 
Sherman's  victory  at  Savannah  and  General  Thomas  again 
defeating  General  Hood.  Colonel  Molineux  was  promoted 
Brevet  Brigadier-General,  with  rank  from  October  1 9th,  for 
"  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  at  the  battles  of  Opequan, 
Fisher's  Hill,  and  Cedar  Creek."  His  regiment  rejoiced  with 
him  that  at  last  this  well-merited  honor  had  been  conferred. 
December  2Oth  First-Lieutenant  Henry  M.  Howard,  Com 
pany  D,  was  discharged  for  disability,  having  been  severely 
wounded  at  Winchester.  December  25th,  CHRISTMAS  DAY, 
was  duly  celebrated,  and  the  enjoyment  of  all  made  the 
greater  by  the  reception  of  boxes  from  home.  December 
26th  a  salute  was  fired  in  honor  of  the  capture  of  Savannah 
by  General  Sherman.  We  had  heavy  rain  that  night.  De 
cember  29th  we  received  marching  orders  to  be  ready  to 
move  early  next  morning. 


CHAPTER  XV. 

Leave  the  Valley  for  Baltimore,  Maryland —  Savannah,  Georgia 

—  Morehead  City,  North  Carolina  —  Augusta,  Georgia  — 

Madison,  Georgia. 

TPv  EC  EMBER  3Oth,  at  8  a.  m.,  our  regiment  marched  from 
\J  its  comfortable  quarters,  going  nine  miles  to  Stephen- 
son's  Depot,  the  terminus  of  the  Harper's  Ferry  and  Win 
chester  Railroad,  nineteen  miles  from  Cedar  Creek.  We 
went  into  camp  in  a  rough,  uneven  spot,  and  that  night  the 
snow  fell  heavily.  December  3ist  was  the  most  intensely 
cold  day  we  had  experienced,  and  in  the  afternoon  snow 
again  fell.  We  had  no  fires  and  no  wood  until  night,  when 
the  teams  brought  boards  from  our  old  camp  and  we  floored 
our  tents  and  started  fires.  January  i,  1865,  New  Year's 
Day,  opened  cold  and  cheerless  with  the  snow  still  falling 
heavily.  The  ground  was  covered  deeply,  and  with  our  thin 
tents  it  was  very  uncomfortable.  January  2d  was  pleasant 
and  cold,  but  January  3d  and  4th  snow  fell  again.  January 
4th  First- Lieutenant  J.  Anthony  Tiemann,  Company  F,  was 
discharged.  Captain  George  W.  Hussey,  Company  F,  was 
relieved  from  duty  on  the  brigade  staff  and  rejoined  the  reg 
iment.  January  5  th,  at  sunset,  we  received  orders  to  be  ready 
to  move  next  day.  January  6th,  at  6  a.  m.,  in  a  pouring  rain 
we  struck  tents,  and  taking  cars  at  the  depot  left  at  9  a.  m. 
for  Harper's  Ferry,  eight  miles  distant,  which  we  did  not 
reach  until  dark.  We  were  packed  closely  in  dirty  box-cars, 
some  of  the  brigade,  not  so  fortunate,  having  open  platform- 
cars  until  their  arrival  at  the  Ferry.  We  remained  in  the 


I  l6    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

cars  all  night,  the  rain  continuing  steadily,  freezing  as  it  fell ; 
and  January  /th,  at  2  a.  m.,  we  started,  arriving  in  Balti 
more,  Md.,  eighty-one  miles  from  Harper^  Ferry,  at  9  a.  m., 
where  we  were  quartered  in  barracks  at  Camp  Carroll  on 
Carroll  Hill,  a  mile  from  the  city.  The  rain  continued  until 
late  in  the  afternoon.  Here  we  suffered  the  utmost  discom 
fort,  the  barracks  being  overcrowded  and  excessively  dirty. 
January  loth  rain  fell  heavily  all  day.  January  I  ith  part 
of  our  brigade  left.  January  I2th  we  received  orders  to  be 
ready  to  move  next  day.  January  13th,  at  2  p.  m.,  we 
thankfully  quitted  the  barracks,  marching  through  Baltimore 
to  the  foot  of  Fell  street.  Our  bear  attracted  great  atten 
tion  and  was  constantly  surrounded  by  an  admiring  crowd. 
Arrived  at  the  wharf  we  embarked  on  the  transport  Suwa 
Nada,  which  lay  there  waiting  for  us.  January  I4th  we 
sailed  at  5  p.  m.,  arriving  in  Hampton  Roads  at  10  p.  m., 
where  we  dropped  anchor  between  Fortress  Monroe  and  the 
Rip  Raps,  awaiting  orders.  General  Grover  and  staff  were 
on  our  steamer,  and  also  the  One  Hundred  and  Twenty-eighth 
New  York  and  Twenty-second  Iowa,  as  well  as  the  division 
hospital.  January  1 5th,  at  noon,  we  hauled  in  alongside  the 
pier  and  took  in  provisions,  and  at  sundown  started  off  again. 
January  i8th  we  spoke  the  Illinois  with  General  Molineux 
and  staff  and  the  other  regiments  of  our  brigade  on  board. 
They 'reported  being  unable  to  obtain  a  pilot,  and  were 
ordered  to  follow  our  steamer.  We  arrived  and  anchored 
in  Warsaw  Sound,  seven  hundred  and  nine  miles  from  Bal 
timore,  where  a  small  steamer  came  alongside  on  which  Gen 
eral  Grover  and  staff  embarked  and  proceeded  up  the  river. 
January  iQth  we  lay  at  anchor.  Rain  fell  heavily  all  day. 
January  2Oth,  at  9  a.  m.,  orders  were  received  to  proceed  up 
the  river.  We  were  transferred  to  the  steamer  George  Leary 
in  a  pouring  rain,  and  taken  fifteen  miles  up  to  the  city  of 
Savannah,  Ga.,  where  we  landed  at  3  p.  m.  and  were  marched 


OUR    BEAR    IS    WEIGHED.  I  I/ 

to  and  quartered  in  the  depot  of  the  Georgia  Central  Rail 
road. 

January  2 1  st  our  bear  was  weighed  and  found  to  weigh  two 
hundred  and  six  pounds.  He  was  growing  very  large,  and 
was  very  strong  and  not  of  as  amiable  a  temper  as  he  had 
been.  January  23d,  after  continuing  steadily  six  days,  the 
rain  ceased  at  sunset  and  we  had  clear  weather.  January 
26th,  at  8  a.  m.,  we  marched  through  the  city  two  miles  out 
to  the  fortifications  on  the  west  side  near  the  Ogeechee  road. 
January  2/th,  at  night,  there  was  a  great  fire  in  the  city, 
caused  by  the  burning  of  a  magazine.  Powder  and  shell 
exploded  continuously,  doing  fortunately  but  little  damage. 
January  28th,  at  2  a.  m.,  we  were  ordered  to  fall  in  ready  to 
move  if  called  for,  but  our  services  were  not  needed,  the  fire 
being  checked  without  our  aid.  February  3d  to  February 
7th  we  had  rain  steadily  until  the  afternoon  of  the  latter  day. 
February  I4th  it  rained  all  day  and  all  night.  February 
22d,  Washington's  Birthday,  was  duly  celebrated  by  the  bands 
playing  and  the  firing  of  salutes  by  our  batteries. 

From  February  24th  to  the  28th  we  again  had  continuous 
rain.  March  4th  Captain  George  W.  Hussey,  Company  F,  was 
detached  and  assigned  to  the  division  staff.  March  7th  the 
regiment  and  quarters  were  inspected  by  General  Williams. 
March  8th  marching  orders  were  received,  and  preparations 
were  at  once  made  for  a  move.  At  9  p.  m.  the  baggage  was 
started  off  on  the  wagons.  March  9th,  starting  at  4  a.  m., 
the  regiment  was  marched  through  the  city  and  embarked 
on  the  steamer  U.  5.  Grant.  We  sailed  at  10  a.  m.,  stop 
ping  at  Fort  Pulaski,  and  at  7  p.  m.  arrived  at  Hilton  Head, 
fifty  miles  from  Savannah,  where  we  disembarked  and  went 
into  barracks.  We  had  steady  rain  from  the  7th  to  loth  of 
March,  clearing  off  cold  and  pleasant  early  in  the  morning. 
March  I5th  orders  to  move  were  received;  at  6  p.  m.  we 
marched  to  the  wharf,  and  at  9  p.  m.  were  transferred  by  a 


I  I  8     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

small  tug  to  the  transport  New  York,  which  was  anchored 
outside.  March  i6th  our  steamer  weighed  anchor  and  sailed 
at  7  a.  m.,  arriving  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  eighty-four 
miles  from  Hilton  Head,  at  I  p.  m.,  passing  as  we  entered  the 
harbor  Forts  Sumter,  Moultrie,  Wagner,  Gregg,  Johnson, 
and  Castle  Pinckney,'  and  dropped  anchor  in  the  river.  March 
1 7th  the  Twenty-eighth  Iowa,  Fifty-second  Pennsylvania,  and 
a  detachment  of  the  Fifty-fourth  New  York  were  taken  on 
board,  the  embarkation  occupying  the  entire  day.  March 
1 8th  we  sailed  at  10.30  a.  m.  with  over  sixteen  hundred  on 
board,  under  sealed  orders.  After  getting  to  sea  the  orders 
were  opened  by  Lieutenant-Colonel  Waltermire  directing 
him  to  report  to  Major-General  Schofield  at  Wilmington, 
North  Carolina.  At  1 1  p.  m.  we  hove  to  and  dropped  anchor. 
March  iQth  we  started  at  9  a.  m.  and  dropped  anchor,  off 
Fort  Fisher,  North  Carolina,  one  hundred  and  thirty-four 
miles  from  Charleston,  at  10  a.  m.  A  boat  came  off  with 
orders  for  us  to  proceed  to  Morehead  City.  We  sailed  at 
noon  and  arrived  off  Beaufort  at  sunset,  where  we  dropped 
anchor.  March  2Oth  we  sailed  at  11.30  a.  m.,  passing  over 
the  bar  and  into  the  harbor,  and  dropped  anchor  off  Fort 
Macon.  March  2ist  the  steamer  H.  M.  Wells  came  along 
side,  and  our  regiment,  with  the  Fifty-fourth  New  York,  was 
taken  on  board  at  7.30  a.  m.,  and  we  were  landed  at  the 
railroad  wharf,  Morehead  City,  North  Carolina,  sixty-three 
miles  from  Fort  Fisher.  We  were  marched  inland  about  a 
mile,  and  camped  to  the  right  of  the  railroad.  March  22d 
orders  were  received  to  go  to  Newbern,  and  preparations  for 
a  move  were  made.  March  23d  the  marching  orders  were 
countermanded.  We  moved  our  camp  back  a  short  distance 
to  a  more  pleasant  location.  The  wind,  which  had  been 
blowing  heavily  ever  since  our  arrival,  rose  to  a  gale,  driving 
the  sand  in  such  volumes  as  almost  to  blind  us.  During  the 
night  the  wind  fell  and  the  weather  was  much  more  pleasant. 


CAMP   LIFE    AT    MOREHEAD    CITY.  119 

March  26th  a  fire  broke  out  in  a  house  adjoining  the  govern 
ment  storehouse,  and  our  men  lent  efficient  aid  in  removing 
the  stores  and  helping  to  extinguish  the  fire.  In  the  after 
noon  dense  smoke  was  seen  in  the  direction  of  Newbern.  A 
report  was  brought  in  that  the  rebels  had  fired  the  govern 
ment  barracks  at  Newport,  twelve  miles  distant.  The  regi 
ment  fell  in  and  stood  under  arms  until  5  p.  m.  The  same 
day  a  large  fire  occurred  in  Beaufort.  March  28th  Lieu 
tenant-Colonel  Waltermire  sent  a  challenge  to  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Lewis  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Seventy-sixth  New 
York,  to  play  a  game  of  base-ball  between  picked  nines  of 
the  two  regiments.  The  One  Hundred  and  Seventy-sixth 
won  by  nineteen  runs  to  seventeen  for  our  regiment.  March 
29th  and  3Oth  heavy  rain  fell.  April  6th  rumors  of  Grant's 
success  at  Petersburg  reached  us.  April  /th  we  received 
confirmation  of  the  news,  and  the  rejoicing  was  very  great. 
Salutes  were  fired  and  the  bands  played.  Heavy  rain  fell 
during  the  night.  April  I  ith  the  return  match  was  played 
between  the  two  regiments,  resulting  in  a  victory  for  ours 
by  seventeen  runs  to  sixteen  for  the  One  Hundred  and 
Seventy-sixth  New  York.  At  1 1.30  p.  m.  news  was  received 
of  Lee's  surrender.  No  words  can  depict  the  deep  feeling 
and  intense  enthusiasm  this  news  elicited.  The  men  cheered 
until  they  were  hoarse,  the  drums  beat,  and  cannon  were  fired 
all  night.  It  was  the  "dawn  of  peace."  April  I3th,  I5th, 
1 8th,  2Oth,  and  2ist,  we  had  heavy  showers.  April  23d 
General  Grant  arrived  and  took  the  cars  for  General  Sher 
man's  headquarters.  There  was  great  cheering  by  the  troops 
when  his  presence  was  known. 

April  29th  Captain  William  F.  Tiemann,  Company  A, 
who  had  been  a  prisoner  to  the  rebels  for  over  five  months, 
reported  to  the  regiment  and  resumed  command  of  his  com 
pany.  May  2d  we  received  orders  to  move  next  day  to  re 
port  to  General  Grover  at  Savannah,  and  preparations  were 


120    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

at  once  made  for  the  march.  During  our  stay  we  had  been 
guarding  commissary  stores  and  furnishing  details  to  guard 
the  trains  carrying  the  stores  and  other  materials  to  Golds- 
boro  and  Raleigh.  May  3d  we  struck  tents  at  3  a.  m.  and 
marched  at  2.30  p.  m.,  but  after  going  a  short  distance  were 
ordered  back  to  our  camp  again,  where  we  remained  until 
8  p.  m.,  when  we  marched  to  the  pier  and  embarked  on  the 
transport  Star  of  the  South,  on  which  Brigadier- General 
Birge  with  his  staff  and  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-first 
New  York  was  already  on  board.  We  were  packed  in  like 
sheep,  and  the  men  found  it  most  difficult  to  get  any  place 
to  sleep.  May  4th  we  sailed  at  I  p.  m.,  arriving  off  the 
mouth  of  the  Savannah  River  at  5  p.  m.,  May  6th,  having 
stopped  for  a  short  time  off  Charleston  harbor.  Taking  a 
pilot  from  an  outward-bound  steamer,  we  sailed  up  the  river, 
and  when  arrived  within  a  mile  of  the  city  our  steamer 
grounded.  General  Birge  and  staff  landed  in  a  tug  which 
came  alongside.  May  7th  at  6  a.  m.  we  got  off  and  pro 
ceeded  up  the  river,  but  grounded  again  just  off  the  wharf. 
A  small  steamboat  came  alongside  on  which  we  embarked 
and  were  landed  at  the  foot  of  Bull  Street,  Savannah,  Geor 
gia,  two  hundred  and  forty-four  miles  from  Morehead  City, 
and  marched  up  in  the  city  and  camped  near  our  old  quar 
ters  on  the  west  side.  May  8th  we  had  heavy  rain.  May 
loth  marching  orders  were  received.  May  nth  at  2  a.  m. 
we  struck  tents,  and  at  9  a.  m.,  with  the  other  regiments  of 
the  brigade,  under  command  of  Colonel  Graham,  left  Savan 
nah,  our  regiment  guarding  the  wagon  train.  We  marched 
fourteen  miles.  We  went  into  camp  in  a  newly  plowed 
field,  and,  rain  falling  heavily,  it  was  soon  all  mud.  May  I2th 
we  started  at  4.30  a.  m.,  leading  the  advance  of  the  column, 
and  marched  seventeen  miles.  May  I3th  we  started  at  4. 30 
a.  m.,  marching  eight  miles  and  going  into  camp  near  Sister's 
Ferry.  May  I4th  we  marched  at  4  a.  m.,  going  twenty 


OUR    ARRIVAL    AT    AUGUSTA.  121 

miles.  May  I5th  we  started  at  4.30  a.  m.  and  marched 
eighteen  miles.  That  night  orders  were  received  for  our 
regiment  with  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-first  New  York 
and  One  Hundred  and  Twenty-eighth  New  York  to  press 
forward  with  all  speed  to  Waynesborough.  May  i6th  at  4 
a.  m.  we  started,  and  marching  twenty-eight  miles  reached 
Waynesborough  at  sunset,  where  we  at  once  took  the  cars, 
starting  at  9  p.  m.  We  reached  Augusta,  Georgia,  one  hun 
dred  and  thirty-five  miles  from  Savannah,  at  midnight,  and 
were  camped  in  a  field  near  the  railroad.  We  found  Brig 
adier-General  Molineux  in  command  ;  he  having  been  as 
signed  to  the  duty  May  3d  and  had  formally  taken  possession 
of  the  city  May  8th.  May  i8th  and  ipth  were  rainy  and 
uncomfortable.  May  2Oth  we  struck  tents,  and  at  10  a.  m. 
were  marched  through  the  city  to  the  old  City  Hotel  on 
Broad  Street,  where  we  went  into  very  comfortable  quarters, 
rooms  being  assigned  to  the  different  companies. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Waltermire  was  appointed  Supervisor 
of  Trade,  Captain  Wells  O.  Pettit  and  Captain  William 
F.  Tiemann  were  appointed  Assistant  Provost- Marshals, 
Captain  James  S.  Reynolds,  Chief  of  Police ;  Lieutenant 
Barzillai  Ransom  and  Lieutenant  Edward  Duffy  were  placed 
in  charge  of  the  jail.  First-Lieutenant  E.  Spencer  Elmer, 
Company  G,  was  placed  in  command  of  Company  K.  May 
24th  Captain  Wells  O.  Pettit,  Company  H,  who  had  been 
severely  wounded  at  Halltown,  rejoined  the  regiment  and  at 
once  assumed  his  duties  as  Deputy  Provost  Marshal.  May 
25th,  26th,  and  2/th  we  had  heavy  rains.  May  29th  there 
was  regimental  review  by  General  Molineux,  but  as  it  com 
menced  to  rain  heavily  we  marched  around  one  square  only 
and  returned  to  quarters.  May  3Oth  we  had  regimental  in 
spection.  Just  after  forming  line  the  rain  poured  in  tor 
rents.  We  were  marched  to  the  railroad  depot  and  inspected, 
and  then  returned  to  our  quarters.  June  6th  all  the  troops 


122     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

in  Augusta  were  reviewed  by  General  Molineux.  It  was 
fine  when  we  started,  but  rain  fell  heavily  just  before  the 
review  was  over,  and  we  were  all  thoroughly  soaked.  June 
22d  Sergeant  E.  Parmly  Brown,  Company  I,  was  promoted 
First-Lieutenant,  Company  D.  July  4th  was  patriotically 
kept,  many  of  the  men  imbibing  more  peach  brandy  than 
was  good  for  them,  the  consequence  being  what  threatened 
to  be  a  serious  disturbance,  which,  however,  was  quelled  by 
the  provost  guard. 

With  the  few  exceptions  noted,  the  two  months  of  our  stay 
passed  uneventfully.  The  men  of  the  regiment  were  drilled 
as  much  as  could  be,  but  being  constantly  on  guard  very 
few  could  be  assembled  for  the  purpose.  Guard  mount  was 
a  great  attraction  and  daily  drew  great  crowds  of  citizens, 
who  most  enthusiastically  applauded  the  appearance  of  the 
men  and  their  perfect  drill  and  discipline.  It  was  a  real 
pleasure  to  see  what  pride  they  took  in  looking  neat,  and 
their  clothing,  arms,  and  accoutrements  were  most  carefully 
looked  after.  The  thought  of  home-going  was  in  each  mind, 
and  it  was  partly  in  anticipation  of  this  that  extra  care  was 
taken  of  all  their  belongings.  July  2ist  the  regiment  was 
relieved  from  provost  duty  by  the  Nineteenth  United  States 
Infantry  (regulars),  and  was  marched  two  and  a  half  miles 
from  the  city  to  the  Sand  Hills  and  camped  in  the  old  United 
States  Arsenal  grounds. 

July  2  ist  Captain  Joseph  G.  McNutt,  Company  I,  was 
dishonorably  dismissed  by  sentence  of  court-martial.  July 
23d  Surgeon  William  Y.  Provost  resigned  and  was  dis 
charged.  He  had  served  for  some  time  as  Medical  Director 
on  the  staff  of  Major-General  Wm.  H.  Emory,  and  also  on 
the  staff  of  Major-General  Grover.  July  2Qth  General  Moli 
neux  resigned,  and  Brigadier-General  J.  H.  King  was  ap 
pointed  to  command  the  department.  Before  his  departure 
he  issued  the  following  letter  to  the  regiment : 


GENERAL  MOLINEUX'S  FAREWELL  TO  THE  REGIMENT.     123 


HEADQUARTERS  DEPARTMENT  OF  AUGUSTA, 

FOURTH  DIVISION  DEPARTMENT  OF  GEORGIA, 

AUGUSTA,  GEORGIA,  July  29,  1865. 

Officers  and  Soldiers  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-ninth  New  York 
State  Volunteers  : 

Having  tendered  my  resignation  from  the  United  States  service 
I  shall  soon  no  longer  bear  the  honored  title  of  your  commanding 
officer. 

The  war  is  ended,  and  it  will  not  be  long  before  you  return  to 
your  Northern  homes;  but  in  parting  from  you  at  the  present  time, 
my  feelings  impel  me  to  say  a  few  words  in  farewell  greeting,  both 
as  an  officer  and  a  brother  soldier. 

We  enlisted  together  at  a  time  when  the  fortunes  of  our  country 
were  dark ;  many  brave  comrades  have  fallen  from  our  ranks  on  the 
field  and  by  disease,  but  we,  the  survivors,  may  return  thanks  to 
God  that  their  deaths  have  not  been  in  vain,  and  that  our  labors 
have  been  crowned  with  success. 

As  a  regiment  you  have  won  an  enviable  reputation  for  steady, 
persistent  bravery  on  the  field,  and  for  good  order  and  conduct  in 
the  discharge  of  any  and  every  duty. 

Since  my  connection  with  you  I  have  kept  firmly  to  the  rule  that 
my  conduct  should  do  you  no  discredit  and  that  the  reputation  of 
the  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-ninth  New  York  Volunteers  should  be 
second  to  none. 

I  am  proud  of  you,  and  am  grateful  for  the  cheerful  obedience 
which  you  yielded  to  strict  discipline.  It  is  this  which  has  rendered 
you  successful,  and  those  of  you  who  have  at  times  thought  the  dis 
cipline  severe  and  rigid  must  remember  that  it  was  necessary,  and 
that  although  at  times  the  voice  may  have  been  harsh  yet  the  heart 
has  always  been  warm  towards  you. 

Recollect,  comrades,  whenever  and  wherever  we  may  meet,  I  shall 
always  be  glad  to  greet  you,  and  ready  to  assist  you  in  any  way  in 
my  power. 

(Signed)       EDWARD  L.  MOLINEUX, 

Colonel,  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-ninth  New  York  Volunteers, 
Brevet  Brigadier-Genera?  United  States  Volunteers,  Commanding-. 


124     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

August  ist  General  Molineux  left  for  home,  and  his  depar 
ture  was  most  severely  felt.  The  organizer  of  the  regiment, 
he  had  as  its  commander  endeared  himself  to  all  the  men  by 
his  care  for  them,  and  by  his  careful  discipline  and  personal 
bravery  had  proved  himself  one  of  the  best  soldiers  the 
war  produced.  He  went  home  followed  by  the  regrets  and 
well-wishes  of  every  man  of  the  command. 

August  3d  John  W.  Coon,  Company  I,  was  accidentally 
shot  and  killed,  August  /th  Sergeant-Major  William  E. 
Palmer  was  discharged  for  disability.  August  i6th  Gilbert 
S.  Gullen,  Sergeant,  Company  F,  was  promoted  Sergeant- 
Major.  Second  Principal  Musician  George  D.  Dayton  was 
reduced  to  the  ranks  and  returned  to  Company  B,  and  nearly 
every  sergeant  and  corporal  in  the  regiment  were  reduced 
to  the  ranks  the  same  day  for  breach  of  discipline  in  being 
absent  without  leave.  August  22d  Quartermaster  John  H. 
Charlotte  resigned  and  was  discharged. 

August  2Qth  the  regiment  received  orders  to  move,  being 
detailed  to  garrison  the  "  Sub-District  of  Madison,"  com 
prising  Morgan,  Jasper,  Putnam,  Newton,  and  Walton 
Counties.  August  3Oth  First- Lieutenant  Edward  Duffy 
was  dishonorably  dismissed  by  sentence  of  court-martial. 
August  3 ist  we  moved  by  rail  one  hundred  and  four 
miles  to  Madison,  Georgia,  the  capital  of  Morgan  County, 
where  headquarters  were  established,  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Waltermire  commanding  the  sub-district,  the  companies 
being  posted  in  the  different  towns  on  provost  duty.  Lieu 
tenant  John  Day,  with  Companies  B  and  F,  was  sent  to  Cov- 
ington,  Newton  County  ;  Lieutenant  Andrew  Rifenburgh, 
with  Company  E,  was  sent  to  Monroe,  Walton  County;  and 
Captain  James  S.  Reynolds,  with  Company  G,  to  Monticello, 
Jasper  County  ;  the  other  companies  being  retained  at  Mad 
ison.  September  6th  Captain  William  F.  Tiemann  was  re 
lieved  as  Assistant  Provost- Marshal,  Augusta,  and,  rejoining 


THE    SUB-DISTRICT   OF    MADISON.  125 

the  regiment,  was  assigned  to  duty  as  Assistant  Provost- 
Marshal,  Jasper  County,  relieving  Captain  James  S.  Reyn 
olds,  who  was  detailed  on  general  court-martial.  Captain 
George  W.  Hussey,  Company  F,  was  relieved  from  duty  on 
the  division  staff  and  rejoined  the  regiment,  and  was  then 
detailed  on  general  court-martial,  his  company  remaining 
under  command  of  Lieutenant  Day.  September  26th  a  sad 
occurrence  took  place  at  Monticello.  Franklin  Miller  became 
drunk  and  disorderly,  and  attempted  the  life  of  the  com 
manding  officer  of  the  post.  He  was  arrested  and  confined 
in  the  guard-house,  but  during  the  night  was  liberated  by 
the  corporal  of  the  guard  and,  with  several  others,  went  to 
a  house  where  a  fracas  occurred,  during  which  Miller  was 
stabbed  in  the  bowels  by  Sergeant  Robert  C.  Bruce  of  his 
company,  and  died  in  the  early  morning  of  September  26th. 
He  was  buried  the  same  day,  the  minister  of  the  Methodist 
church  officiating.  Bruce  escaped  and  was  never  appre 
hended. 


'.I  A 


CHAPTER  XVI. 

Mmter  Out  —  Death  of  Our  Bear  —  Leave  for  Home  —  Final 
Discharge  —  Recapitulation . 

OEPTEMBER  28th  orders  were  received  to  prepare  the 
vJ  muster-out  rolls  of  the  regiment  and  to  report  in  Au 
gusta  by  October  I3th.  The  companies  were  at  once  con 
centrated  in  Madison,  and  October  5th  were  moved  by  rail 
to  Augusta,  where  the  regiment  was  quartered  in  the  old 
railroad  shops,  which  had  been  used  by  the  rebels  as  a 
machine  shop  during  the  war.  The  buildings  were  of  wood, 
forming  three  sides  of  a  square  with  a  large  vacant  yard  in 
the  center.  The  floor  was  saturated  with  oil  and  grease,  and 
the  whole  building  was  of  the  most  inflammable  character. 
During  the  early  morning  of  October  9th  a  fire  was  started 
in  the  guard-house  at  one  end  of  the  building,  as  was  gener 
ally  supposed  by  some  prisoners  to  liberate  themselves. 
Like  a  flash  of  lightning  the  fire  darted  from  one  end  of  the 
building  to  the  other,  and  almost  immediately  the  whole 
structure  was  a  raging  mass  of  flame.  The  men  had  barely 
time  to  remove  their  arms  and  equipments,  so  rapidly  did  it 
spread,  and  most  of  them,  as  well  as  the  officers,  lost  all  their 
clothing  except  such  as  they  had  on.  The  officers,  who 
were  busy  at  the  Court  House  working  on  the  muster-out 
rolls,  lost  all  their  baggage,  many  of  their  company  and  pri 
vate  papers,  and  the  relics  they  had  collected  and  gathered 
during  their  service.  One  man,  Alexander  Keist,  Company 
C,  was  missing  and  is  supposed  to  have  perished  in  the  fire. 
Our  poor  bear,  which  had  been  with  us  so  long  and  to  which 


MUSTER    OUT    AND    FINAL    DISCHARGE.  I2/ 

the  men  had  become  greatly  attached,  was  fastened  to  a  post 
in  the  vacant  square,  but  so  great  was  the  heat  it  was  im 
possible  to  get  him  out,  and  he  was  slowly  roasted  to  death.. 
Some  of  the  darkies  made  a  feast  on  his  remains  after  the 
fire  was  over  and  the  ruins  cool  enough  to  get  through. 
Twice  now  had  all  our  belongings  been  destroyed  by  fire, 
and  almost  nothing  was  left  to  us.  The  last  was  the  worst,  as 
high  anticipations  were  enjoyed  of  our  reception  when  we 
should  arrive  at  home,  and  most  earnest  preparation  had 
been  made  to  appear  at  our  very  best.  Under  the  depress 
ing  circumstances  we  gave  up  every  thought  of  the  public 
parade  we  had  premeditated  and  arranged  for. 

October  I2th  the  regiment  was  assembled,  and  by  virtue 
of  S.  O.  36,  Headquarters  Department  of  Georgia,  was  mus 
tered  out  of  the  service  of  the  United  States  by  Lieutenant 
S.  S.  Culbertson,  United  States  mustering  officer. 

October  1 3th  we  turned  our  faces  homeward,  marching  out 
of  Augusta  in  the  early  morning,  and  October  I5th  reached 
a  small  station  on  the  Central  Railroad  fifty-two  miles  from 
Augusta.  Here  we  remained  overnight,  and  October  i6th 
proceeded  by  rail  to  Savannah,  where  we  arrived  at  3  p.  m. 
the  same  day.  Here  we  were  camped  within  the  city  limits 
awaiting  transportation,  until  October  i8th,  when  we  were 
marched  through  the  city  to  the  river  wharf  and  embarked 
on  the  transport  Varuna,  which  sailed  October  iQth,  arriv 
ing  at  New  York,  eight  hundred  and  seventeen  miles  from 
Savannah,  October  22d.  We  were  at  once  landed  and 
marched  to  the  Battery,  and  at  4  p.  m.  were  embarked  on  a 
small  steamer  and  transported  to  Hart's  Island  in  the  Sound, 
about  twenty-four  miles  northeast  of  New  York.  Here  were 
made  up  the  final  accounts  of  Quartermaster  and  Ordnance 
stores,  and  the  pay  rolls  of  the  regiment. 

Wednesday  October  25th  we  were  mustered  out  of  the  State 
service  and  received  our  final  pay  and  discharge  ;  and,  leav- 


128     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

ing  the  island  the  same  day,  were  landed  at  Peck  Slip,  New 
York,  at  8  p.  m.,  when,  after  a  service  of  over  three  years,  we 
disbanded,  and  the  members  from  Brooklyn  returned  to  their 
homes.  The  Columbia  County  companies  left  New  York 
October  2/th  by  rail,  and  were  accorded  a  most  hearty  pub 
lic  reception  at  Hudson,  after  which  they  too  separated,  and 
the  regiment  as  a  body  became  a  thing  of  the  past. 
The  officers  who  returned  with  the  regiment  were  : 

Lieutenant-Colonel  WILLIAM  WALTERMIRE,  commanding. 
Assistant- Surgeon  CALEB  C.  BRIGGS. 

Acting-Adjutant  GEORGE  ¥>. Si  PSIIXX,  First- Lieutenant  Company  H. 
Captain  WILLIAM  F.  TIEMANN,  Company  A. 
First-Lieutenant  JOHN  DAY,  Company  B. 
First- Lieutenant  BARZILLAI  RANSOM,  Company  C. 
First- Lieutenant  E.  PARMLY  BROWN,  Company  D. 
First- Lieutenant  ANDREW  RIFENBURGH,  Company  E. 
Captain  GEORGE  W.  HUSSEY,  Company  F. 
Captain  JAMES  S.   REYNOLDS,  Company  G. 
Captain  WELLS  O.  PETTIT,  Company  H. 
First- Lieutenant  EDWARD  TYNAN,  Company  I. 
First- Lieutenant^,.  SPENCER  ELMER,  Company  K,  Acting- Quarter 
master. 


Of  these,  only  four — Lieutenant-Colonel  Waltermire,  Assis 
tant-Surgeon  Briggs,  Captain  Pettit,  and  Captain  Hussey — 
had  been  commissioned  officers  at  the  muster  in  of  the  regi 
ment  in  1862.  Three  who  were  mustered  in  as  enlisted 
men  and  served  continuously  with  the  regiment  —  Captain 
Tiemann,  Lieutenant  Day,  and  Lieutenant Rifenburgh — were 
promoted  from  the  ranks  ;  and  two  who,  originally  enlisting 
with  the  regiment,  had  been  discharged  for  some  months  — 
Lieutenant  Ransom,  formerly  Sergeant,  Company  B,  and 
Lieutenant  Tynan,  formerly  Sergeant,  Company  A  —  were 
commissioned  from  civil  life.  Lieutenant  Brown  joined  as  a 


COMMISSIONS    CONFERRED.  129 

recruit  in  November,  1863,  and  was  promoted  from  the 
ranks.  Captain  Reynolds  and  Lieutenant  Elmer  joined  the 
regiment  with  a  company  of  recruits  in  March,  1864,  and 
Lieutenant  Stayley,  commissioned  from  the  ranks  of  another 
regiment,  joined  in  August,  1864. 

The  following  commissions  were  conferred  on  those  named, 
but  they  could  not  be  mustered  in  the  grade  specified  owing 
to  the  numerical  strength  of  the  regiment  being  less  than  was 
required  to  entitle  them  to  muster,  except  in  the  cases  of 
Sergeant  Spanburgh,  who  was  discharged  for  wounds  at  Port 
Hudson,  and  Private  Perkins,  who  was  killed  in  action  at 
Cedar  Creek,  Va. : 

Lieutenant-Colonel  WILLIAM  WALTER  MI  RE,  as  Colonel  from  August 

4,  1865. 
Captain  WELLS  O.  PETTIT,  as  Major  from  February  28,  1865,  as 

Lieutenant- Colonel  from  August  4,  1865. 

Captain  JOSEPH  G.  McNuxx,  as  Major  from  October  19,  1864. 
Captain  WILLIAM  F.  TIEMANN,  as  Major  from  August  4,  1865. 
Assistant- Surgeon  CALEB  C.  BRIGGS,  as  Surgeon  from  August  8, 1865. 
First- Lieutenant  CRAWFORD  WILLIAMS,  as   Captain  from  July  30, 

1863. 
First- Lieutenant  E.  SPENCER  ELMER,  as  Captain  from  December  10, 

1864. 

First- Lieutenant  EDWARD  TYNAN,  as  Captain  from  August  4,  1865. 
First- Lieutenant  GEORGE  B.  STAYLEY,  as  Captain  from  August  4, 

1865. 
First- Lieutenant  ANDREW  RIFENBURGH,  as  Captain  from  August  4, 

1865. 
Sergeant  WILLIAM  A.  JAQUINS,  as  First- Lieutenant  from  August  i, 

1865. 

Sergeant  THOMAS  BERGEN,  as  First- Lieutenant  from  August  i,  1865. 
Sergeant  WILLIAM  H.  SPANBURGH,  as  Second- Lieutenant  from  July 

31,  1863. 
Private  JAMES  T.  PERKINS,  as  Second- Lieutenant  from  August  2, 

1864. 


130     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

The  following  commissions  were  issued  to  persons  not  con 
nected  with  the  regiment,  but  were  declined  : 

• 

Captain  —  WILLIAM  F.  FARNHAM,  January  25,  1864. 
Second-Lieutenant — JAMES  S.  CORNELL,  Private  One  Hundred  and 
Twenty-seventh  New  York,  November  13,  1863. 


At  the  muster  out  of  the  regiment  there  were  13  officers 
and  333  men  borne  on  the  rolls.  Of  these,  8  men  were  on  de 
tached  service,  24  absent  sick  in  hospital,  2  prisoners  of  war, 
3  missing  (2  of  whom  were  supposed  to  be  deserters),  and  6 
in  confinement  by  sentence  of  court-martial,  making  the 
actual  number  present  13  officers  and  290  men.  Of  these, 
6  officers  and  67  men  had  joined  as  recruits,  leaving  7  officers 
and  223  men  who  had  been  with  the  regiment  since  its 
organization. 

The  regiment  participated  in  seven  general  engagements : 

Irish  Bend,  Louisiana April  14,  1863. 

Port  Hudson,  Louisiana May  27,  1863. 

Port  Hudson,  Louisiana June  14,  1863. 

Mansura  Plains,  Louisiana May  16,  1864. 

Opequan,  Virginia September  19,  1864. 

Fisher's  Hill,  Virginia September  22, 1864. 

Cedar  Creek,  Virginia October  19.  1864. 

In  these  the  loss  of  the  regiment  was: 

Officers.  Men.  Aggregate. 

Killed 6  .  .  45  .    .          51 

Mortally  wounded  ....           3  .'  .  18  .    .           21 

Wounded 7  .  .  168  .    .         175 

Missing i  .  .  39  .    .           40 


Total 17  .    .         270  .    .         287 


OUR   AGGREGATE    LOSSES.  131 

It  was  under  fire  in  skirmishes  at  Indian  Bend,  Vermilion 
Bayou,  Port  Hudson,  Donaldsonville,  Marksville,  Bermuda 
Hundreds,  Halltown,  Berryville,  Woodstock,  and  other  places, 
in  which  it  lost: 

Officers.  Men.  Aggregate. 

Killed .    .  3  .    .  3 

Mortally  wounded  ....  .    '  3  .    .  3 

Wounded i           ..  8  ..  9 

Missing .    .  2  .    .  2 


Total i  .    .  16  17 

Not  in  battle  alone  were  our  numbers  depleted,  but  many 
of  our  gallant  comrades  fell  overcome  by  the  exposure  and 
fatigue  of  the  camp  and  march.  We  lost  from  death  and 
disease : 

Officers.  Men.  Aggregate. 

Died i  .    .         107  .    .         108 

Discharged 7  .    .         158  .    .         165 


Total 8  265  273 

Those  who  thus  died  gave  their  lives  to  their  country  as 
truly  as  did  others  in  the  shock  of  battle,  and  their  memories 
should  be  cherished  with  the  thought,  "THEY  FELL  AT  THEIR 
POST." 

By  resignation,  honorable  discharge,  and  transfer  we  lost : 
Officers,  18;  men,  43;  aggregate,  61. 

Several  of  our  officers  and  men  were  honored  with  com 
missions  in  other  regiments.  The  number  thus  favored  whom 
we  lost  was  : 

Officers,  2;  men,  5;  aggregate,  7. 


132     ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  V. 

While  in  Louisiana  a  call  was  made  for  volunteers  to  the 
Navy,  and  the  regiment  contributed  7  men. 

There  was  another  class  by  which  the  regiment  lost  heav 
ily,  whose  names  should  be  held  in  obloquy  and  their  mem 
ories  blotted  out  —  the  deserters.  The  number  of  those  who 
betrayed  their  colors  and  forsook  their  comrades,  most  of 
whom  deserted  before  we  left  New  York,  though  there  were 
also  some  who  went  with  the  regiment  and  deserted  later, 
was  197. 


RECAPITULATION. 

STRENGTH    AT    MUSTER    IN,  AND    GAINS. 

Officers.  Men.  Aggregate. 

Original  strength 38  .    .       802  .    .  840 

Promoted  from  ranks      ....         13  ..  ..  13 

Promoted  by  appointment     ..         12  ..         —  ...  12 

Recruits 175  175 

63  977  .    .  1040 

Less  promoted  from  ranks     ..  .    .         13  .    .  13 

Total  in  regiment 63  .    .       964  .    .  1027 

The  total  losses  from  all  causes  were : 

Officers.  Men.  Aggregate. 

Died 10  .    .         176  .    .  186 

Discharged 35  .    .         201  .    .  236 

Transferred 38  .    .  38 

Dishonorably  dismissed    ...           5  .    .  .    .  5 

Deserted .    .         178  .    .  178 

Unaccounted  for —  .    .           38  .    .  38 


Total 


5° 


631 


68 1 


PARTICULARS    OF    LOSSES. 


133 


The  particulars  of  these  losses  are  as  follows : 

Officers.    Men.  Aggregate. 

Discharged  :    Promoted  to  other  regiments  .2.5.  7 

Honorably  by  resignation    .    .     16       .    —  .  16 

Dishonorably  by  court-martial     5           —  .  5 

Wounds         I 7       .  158  .  165 

Disability       r 

Expiration  of  service    ....    —      .29  .  29 

Other  causes 10      .      9  .  19 

Total 40       .  201  .  241 

Transferred:    Veteran  Reserve  Corps    ...    —      .29  .  29 

Navy —      .       7  •  7 

Other —      .       2  .  2 

Total —      .38  -  38 

Died :                In  battle 6       .48  .  54 

Of  wounds  in  battle 3       .21  .  24 

Prisoners  of  war —       .12  .  12 

Disease  and  unknown  ....       i       .91  .  92 

Other  causes,  accidents,  etc.    .    —      .      4  .  4 


Total  .  .     10 


176 


186 


Deserted  (less  apprehended,  19) 
Not  accounted  for  at  muster  out 


Total  of  losses 50 


38 
63 1 


_38 
68 1 


134    ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  V.  V. 


STRENGTH    AT    MUSTER    OUT. 

Officers. 
Present 13      .. 

Absent :    Prisoners  of  war    ....  .    . 

Sick 

Detached 

Missing .    . 

In  confinement      ....  .    . 

Without  leave    . 


Men.       Aggregate. 


Total  mustered  out  on  rolls 


290 

2 
24 

8 
6 

2 

333 


3°3 


43 


346 


From   the    time  we  left  New  York  until  our  return  we 
journeyed  : 

By  transport 7491    miles 

By  rail 508     " 

On  foot 1333      " 


A  total  of 9332   miles 

and  this  does  not  include  the  changes  in  camps,  which 
involved  marches  of  one  to  four  miles,  and  would  aggregate 
at  least  two  hundred  miles  to  be  added  to  the  above. 

We  campaigned  or  were  stationed  in  the  States  of  Louisi 
ana,  Mississippi,  Maryland,  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South 
Carolina,  and  Georgia,  and  marched  through  or  were  quar 
tered  in  over  ninety  cities,  towns,  and  villages. 

Through  the  heat  and  rain  of  the  extreme  South,  the  frost 
and  snow  of  the  more  northern  States,  and  the  dust  and  mud 
of  both,  the  regiment  faithfully  fulfilled  its  service,  and  was  ever 
ready  at  the  call  of  duty.  The  losses  on  the  field  of  battle 


A    MATTER    FOR    PRIDE.  135 

and  the  commendation  of  superior  officers  attest  to  faithful 
service  and  duty  well  done,  and  not  the  least  heritage  the 
brave  men  of  the  command  may  proudly  leave  is  that  of 
having  been  members  of 

THE  ONE  HUNDRED  AND  FIFTY-NINTH  NEW  YORK. 


MUSTER    OUT   ROLLS, 

Copied  from  those  on  file  in  the  Adjutant- General's  Office,  Albany, 
New-York,  by  permission  of  the  Adjutant-General,  State  of 
New-York, — revised  and  corrected  from  BI-MONTHLY  MUSTER 
AND  PAY  ROLLS  in  possession  of  the  company  commanders  as 
far  as  obtainable. 


from  Capt.  Co.  E,  to  Major,  Jan.  10,  1864.  Promoted 
1.,  June  2,  1864.  Commissioned  Colonel, 
oned  Surgeon. 

[862. 

[865.  Promoted  from  Lt.-Col  ,  Nov.  25,  1862.  Com- 
icd  Brevet  Brig.-Gen.  and  Brevet  Maj.-Gen. 
1864.  Promoted  from  Capt.  gist  N.  Y.  V.,  Nov.  25, 
Promoted  Lt.-Col.,  April  14,  1863. 
[864.  Promoted  from  Capt.  Co.  A,  to  Major,  April 
3.  Promoted  Lt.-Col.,  Jan.  10,  1864. 
[863. 
[865.  Promoted  from  ist  Asst.  Surgeon,  Dec,  2,  1863. 
[863. 

[865.  Enrolled  Private  Co.  C.  Promoted  Q.  M.  Sgt., 
t,  1862.  Promoted  rst  Lt.  and  R.  Q.  M.,  Jan.  25,  1864. 

1863.  In  action,  Irish  Bend,  La.  Promoted  from 
Nov.  25,  1862. 
1864.  In  action,  Cedar  Creek,  Va.  Promoted  from 
Co.  F,  June  2,  1864. 
1863.  In  action,  Irish  Bend,  La. 

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